Getline和cin依次跳过下一个输入

getline and cin used one after another skips next inputs

本文关键字:下一个 输入 cin Getline      更新时间:2023-10-16

我正在编写一个c++程序来演示聚合概念,作为书中的示例。代码由4个类(在一个文件中)和一个main函数(在另一个文件中)组成。类如下

#include <iostream>
#include <string>
/*#define  SYNC_CLEAR {
                    cin.clear();
                    cin.sync();
                }
*/
using std::string;
using std::cout;
using std::cin;
class Student
{
private:
    string school;
    string degree;
public:
    void input_data()
    {
        cout<<"Enter School name and degree name n";
        getline(cin,school);
        getline(cin,degree);
    }
    void show_data() const
    {
        cout<<"School :"<<school<<",Degree: "<<degree<<"n";
    }
};
class Employee
{
private:
    string name;
    unsigned int number;
public:
    void input_data()
    {
        string str;
        cout<<"Enter Name and number n";
        getline(cin,name);
        cin>>number;
    }
    void show_data() const
    {
        cout<<"Name :"<<name<<",number: "<<number<<"n";
    }
};

/************************Aggregation starts from here**********************************/
class Manager
{
private:
    string title;
    double dues;
    Employee emp;   // object of one class as an attribute to other class
    Student stu;    // object of one class as an attribute to other class
public:
    **void input_data()
    {
        emp.input_data();   // call by object of Employee class
        cout<<"Enter Title and Dues n";
        /*********Problem comes here*****************/
        getline(cin,title);
        cin>>dues;
        /**************************/
        stu.input_data();   // call by object of Student class
    }**
    void show_data() const
    {
        emp.show_data();
        cout<<"Title :"<<title<<",Dues: "<<dues<<"n";
        stu.show_data();
    }   
};
class Scientist
{
private:
    int pubs;
    Employee emp;   // object of one class as an attribute to other class
    Student stu;    // object of one class as an attribute to other class
public:
    void input_data()
    {
        emp.input_data();   // call by object of Employee class
        cout<<"Enter no of pubs n";
        cin>>pubs;
        stu.input_data();   // call by object of Student class
    }
    void show_data() const
    {
        emp.show_data();
        cout<<" pubs :"<<pubs<<"n";
        stu.show_data();
    }   
};

主要功能如下:

#include <iostream>
#include "aggregation.h"
using std::cout;
using std::cin;
int main(int argc, char const *argv[])
{
    Manager m1;
    Scientist s1,s2;
    cout<<"Data for Managern";
    m1.input_data();
    cout<<"Data for Sci 1n";
    s1.input_data();
    cout<<"Data for Sci 2n";
    s2.input_data();
    cout<<"Data for Managern";
    m1.show_data();
    cout<<"Data for Sci 1n";
    s1.show_data();
    cout<<"Data for Sci 2n";
    s2.show_data();
    return 0;
}

问题出现在input_data()函数中的类管理器中(以粗体突出显示)。我在控制台附加输出

hduser@M-1939:~/Dropbox/c++/lafore/inhertiance$ g++ -g aggregation.cpp -o aggregation
hduser@M-1939:~/Dropbox/c++/lafore/inhertiance$ ./aggregation 
Data for Manager
Enter Name and number 
vivek 
100
***Enter Title and Dues 
sr manager***
Enter School name and degree name 
Data for Sci 1
Enter Name and number 
Enter no of pubs 
Enter School name and degree name 
Data for Sci 2
Enter Name and number 
Enter no of pubs 
Enter School name and degree name 
Data for Manager
Name :vivek,number: 100
Title :,Dues: 0
School :,Degree: 
Data for Sci 1
Name :,number: 6299824
 pubs :6299824
School :,Degree: 
Data for Sci 2
Name :,number: 2092888488
 pubs :6299112
School :,Degree: 

我看了一些链接告诉使用cin.clear()和cin.sync(),但它没有工作得很好。有问题,不像这样,不同但仍然是类似的问题。领导吗?

EDIT 1: 我使用将输入序列从1:getline 2: cin更改为1:cin 2: cin.ignore() 3: getline,它正在工作。但有人能告诉我怎么做吗?

编辑2:我忘记在雇员类的input_data()中把cin>>number后面加上cin.ignore()。它能正常工作吗?虽然是个愚蠢的错误

使用说明:

cin.ignore(256,'n');

每次调用cin后清空缓冲区。

256是要忽略的字符数,'n'是分隔字符。

出于安全考虑,可以使用

std::numeric_limits<std::streamsize>::max()

作为字符的限制数量;我只是喜欢256。

http://www.cplusplus.com/reference/istream/istream/ignore/

你需要做的是cin.ignore()cin之后。
结果如下:
当您使用std::getline时,它将获得该行上的任何内容,直到换行符,但是cin在执行读取后实际上并没有删除换行符,因此您的std::getline只获得空字符串。