快板程序显示黑屏,然后崩溃

Allegro program displays a black screen then crash

本文关键字:然后 崩溃 程序 显示      更新时间:2023-10-16

我正在学习面向对象编程和allegro库,所以我开始写一个简单的菜单,但代码显示黑屏,然后崩溃。

我将非常感谢关于类的外观,用头拆分代码,代码的一般语法以及最重要的是找到代码不工作的问题的建议。

main.cpp

#include "Menu.h"
int main() {
    Menu m;
    return 0;
}
END_OF_MAIN()

Menu.h

#ifndef MENU_H_
#define MENU_H_
#include <allegro.h>
class Menu {
    static bool isWorking;
    static const int WIDTH = 800;
    static const int HEIGHT = 600;
public:
    Menu();
    virtual ~Menu();
};
#endif

menu.cpp

#include "MenuPointer.h"
#include "Menu.h"
#include <string>
using namespace std;
bool Menu::isWorking = true;
Menu::Menu() {
    allegro_init();
    install_keyboard();
    install_timer();
    set_color_depth(8);
    set_gfx_mode(GFX_AUTODETECT_WINDOWED, WIDTH, HEIGHT, 0, 0);
    string * menuOptions = new string[2];
    menuOptions[0] = "New Game";
    menuOptions[2] = "Exit";
    // menu pointer is an object highlighting menu options
    MenuPointer menuPointer(2, 0, WIDTH, HEIGHT/2, menuOptions);
    while (isWorking) {
        menuPointer.menuInit();
        blit(menuPointer.getBuffer(), screen, 0, 0, 0, 0, WIDTH, HEIGHT);
    }
}
Menu::~Menu() {
    allegro_exit();
    clear_keybuf();
}

MenuPointer.h

#ifndef MENUPOINTER_H_
#define MENUPOINTER_H_
#include <string>
#include <allegro.h>
using namespace std;
class MenuPointer {
    int pointerNumber;
    BITMAP * buffer;
    const int optionsNumber;
    const int pointerWidth;
    const int pointerHeight;
    BITMAP ** optionsImages;
    const string * optionsTexts;
    void paintPointer();
public:
    void menuInit();
    BITMAP * getBuffer();
    MenuPointer(int, int, int, int, BITMAP **);
    MenuPointer(int, int, int, int, const string *);
    virtual ~MenuPointer();
};
#endif

MenuPointer.cpp

#include "MenuPointer.h"
#include "Menu.h"
#include <string>
using namespace std;

// this constructor creates menu pointer when options are array of images
MenuPointer::MenuPointer(int i, int j, int k, int l, BITMAP ** optionsImages)
    :pointerNumber(j), optionsNumber(i), pointerWidth(k), pointerHeight(l) {
    buffer = create_bitmap(pointerWidth, pointerHeight);
    optionsTexts = NULL;
    this->optionsImages = optionsImages;
}
// this constructor creates menu pointer when options are array of text
MenuPointer::MenuPointer(int i, int j, int k, int l, const string * optionsTexts)
    :pointerNumber(j), optionsNumber(i), pointerWidth(k), pointerHeight(l) {
        buffer = create_bitmap(pointerWidth, pointerHeight);
        optionsImages = NULL;
        this->optionsTexts = optionsTexts;
}

// draws a rectangle in the range from the beginning to the next option which highlights
void MenuPointer::paintPointer() {
    rectfill(buffer, 0, pointerNumber*pointerHeight, pointerHeight, (pointerNumber+1)*pointerHeight, makecol( 128, 30, 30 ) );
}

void MenuPointer::menuInit() {
    clear_to_color(buffer, makecol( 128, 128, 128 ));
    paintPointer();
    if (optionsTexts != NULL) {
        // converts string to char array
        for (int i = 0; i < optionsNumber; ++i) {
            char *a = new char[optionsTexts[i].size()+1];
            a[optionsTexts[i].size()] = 0;
            memcpy(a, optionsTexts[i].c_str(), optionsTexts[i].size());
            textout_ex(screen, font, a, 0, i*pointerWidth, makecol(255,0,0), -1);
        }
    } else {
        // draws option image for images array
        for (int i = 0; i < optionsNumber; ++i) {
            masked_blit(optionsImages[i], screen, 0, 0, 0, i*pointerWidth, optionsImages[i]->w, optionsImages[i]->h);
        }
    }
}
BITMAP * MenuPointer::getBuffer() {
    return buffer;
}
MenuPointer::~MenuPointer() {
    destroy_bitmap(buffer);
}

始终检查返回值!尤其是当事情开始崩溃的时候。

您要求Allegro以8位颜色深度运行。这可能会失败,甚至在32位系统上请求24位也可能失败。您可以使用desktop_color_depth()来查找主机正在运行的内容。

确保set_gfx_mode()在继续之前不会返回错误,并且所有位图都被实际加载。(not == null)

你有更多关于崩溃的调试信息吗?

首先,可能导致崩溃的一个问题是对数组菜单选项的错误访问。

string * menuOptions = new string[2];
menuOptions[0] = "New Game";
menuOptions[2] = "Exit"; // THIS IS WRONG

在这个循环中有泄漏:

    for (int i = 0; i < optionsNumber; ++i) {
        char *a = new char[optionsTexts[i].size()+1]; //this is never freed
        a[optionsTexts[i].size()] = 0;
        memcpy(a, optionsTexts[i].c_str(), optionsTexts[i].size());
        textout_ex(screen, font, a, 0, i*pointerWidth, makecol(255,0,0), -1);
    }
各种提示:

  1. 使用strncpy而不是memcpy来复制字符串
  2. 方法/函数参数的名称必须更清晰。(不要使用i,j,k)
  3. 我总是喜欢把名字放在方法/函数声明上。
  4. 把你的循环方法放在构造函数之外。