c++中与java.util.function. provider等价的是什么?

What is the C++ equivalent of a java.util.function.Supplier?

本文关键字:是什么 provider 中与 java util function c++      更新时间:2023-10-16

例如,我有以下Java代码:

public class Main {
  public static void main(String[] args) {
    System.out.println(maker(Employee::new));
  }
  private static Employee maker(Supplier<Employee> fx) {
    return fx.get();
  }
}
class Employee {
  @Override
  public String toString() {
    return "A EMPLOYEE";
  }
}

c++的等效函数是什么?

provider是一个不带参数并返回某种类型的函数:你可以用std::function:

来表示它
#include <iostream>
#include <functional>
#include <memory>
// the class Employee with a "print" operator
class Employee
{
    friend std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& os, const Employee& e);
};
std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& os, const Employee& e)
{
    os << "A EMPLOYEE";
    return os;
}
// maker take the supplier as argument through std::function
Employee maker(std::function<Employee(void)> fx)
{
    return fx();
}
// usage
int main()
{
    std::cout << maker(
        []() { return Employee(); }
            // I use a lambda here, I could have used function, functor, method...
    );
    return 0;
}

我在这里没有使用指针,也没有使用operator new来分配Employee:如果你想使用它,你应该考虑像std::unique_ptr:

这样的托管指针。
std::unique_ptr<Employee> maker(std::function<std::unique_ptr<Employee>(void)> fx)
{
    return fx();
}
// ...
maker(
    []()
    {
        return std::make_unique<Employee>();
    }
);

注意:对操作符<<然后应该修改,因为maker将返回一个指针而不是一个对象。

您可以使用c++模板类来实现目标:

template<typename TR> class Supplier
{
  private:
    TR (*calcFuncPtr)();
  public:
    Supplier(TR(*F)())
    {
      calcFuncPtr = F;
    }
    TR get() const
    {
      return calcFuncPtr();
    }
};

用法示例:

#include <string>
#include <iostream>
struct Employee
{
  public:
    std::string ToString()
    {
      return "A EMPLOYEE";
    }
};
Employee maker(const Supplier<Employee>& fx) 
{
  return fx.get();
}

Employee GetInstanceFunc()
{
  return Employee();
}
int _tmain(int argc, _TCHAR* argv[])
{
  Employee employee(maker(GetInstanceFunc));
  std::cout << employee.ToString();
  return 0;
}

maker(GetInstanceFunc)行隐式类型转换允许使用Supplier类而不需要显式的模板实例化。