Windows 10 上已安装应用的列表

Listing of installed apps on Windows 10

本文关键字:应用 列表 安装 Windows      更新时间:2023-10-16

我正在尝试以编程方式列出 win10 系统上所有已安装的应用程序。
基本上,我正在尝试获取在资源管理器窗口中键入"shell:appsFolder"时可以看到的列表。

这是我使用的代码:

HRESULT hr;
IShellFolder *psParent= nullptr, *psApps= nullptr;
LPITEMIDLIST pidlSystem = NULL;
hr = SHGetFolderLocation(NULL, CSIDL_SYSTEM, NULL, NULL, &pidlSystem); // get root pidl which is needed to get the parrent of our app folder
LPITEMIDLIST pidlApps= NULL;
if (!SUCCEEDED(hr= SHGetKnownFolderItem(FOLDERID_AppsFolder, KF_FLAG_DEFAULT, NULL, IID_IShellItem , (void**)&pidlApps)))
goto done;  // get pidl for apps folder
if (!SUCCEEDED(hr=SHBindToParent(pidlSystem, IID_IShellFolder, (void **) &psParent, (LPCITEMIDLIST*)&pidlApps)))
goto done; // Get shell folder of parrent, which is needed to get shell folder of appsFolder
psApps= NULL;
if (!SUCCEEDED(hr= psParent->BindToObject(pidlApps, nullptr, IID_IShellFolder, (void **)&psApps)))
goto done; // finally get shell folder of appsFolder!
IEnumIDList *IDList;
if (!SUCCEEDED(hr= psApps->EnumObjects(nullptr, SHCONTF_NONFOLDERS, &IDList)))
goto done; // start the file scanning process
LPITEMIDLIST object= (LPITEMIDLIST)CoTaskMemAlloc(sizeof(*object)); // allocate room to receive data..
while (IDList->Next(1, &object, nullptr)!=S_FALSE)                  // and the list loop
{
STRRET strDispName;
if (!SUCCEEDED(hr= psApps->GetDisplayNameOf(object, SHGDN_NORMAL, &strDispName)))
continue; // get the name in some weired format
TCHAR szDisplayName[MAX_PATH];
if (!SUCCEEDED(hr= StrRetToBuf(&strDispName, pidlApps, szDisplayName, sizeof(szDisplayName))))
continue; // transform it to string...
ATLTRACE2(L"found %sn", szDisplayName);
}
IDList->Release();
CoTaskMemFree(object);

问题是我最终得到了一个包含 2000 多个项目的列表,包括.jpg和其他.dll文件,但此列表与资源管理器窗口显示的内容不符!例如,"word"不存在,既不作为链接,也不作为winword.exe,而is在资源管理器窗口中。

知道发生了什么吗?

如果shell:appsFolder真的是你想要的,那就使用它。像这样:

CoInitialize(NULL);
CComPtr<IShellItem> folder;
if (SUCCEEDED(SHCreateItemFromParsingName(L"shell:appsFolder", nullptr, IID_PPV_ARGS(&folder))))
{
CComPtr<IEnumShellItems> enumItems;
if (SUCCEEDED(folder->BindToHandler(nullptr, BHID_EnumItems, IID_PPV_ARGS(&enumItems))))
{
IShellItem* items;
while (enumItems->Next(1, &items, nullptr) == S_OK)
{
CComPtr<IShellItem> item = items;
CComHeapPtr<wchar_t> name;
if (SUCCEEDED(item->GetDisplayName(SIGDN_NORMALDISPLAY, &name)))
{
wprintf(L"%sn", name);
}
// dump all properties
CComPtr<IPropertyStore> store;
if (SUCCEEDED(item->BindToHandler(NULL, BHID_PropertyStore, IID_PPV_ARGS(&store))))
{
DWORD count = 0;
store->GetCount(&count);
for (DWORD i = 0; i < count; i++) {
PROPERTYKEY pk;
if (SUCCEEDED(store->GetAt(i, &pk)))
{
CComHeapPtr<wchar_t> pkName;
PSGetNameFromPropertyKey(pk, &pkName); // needs propsys.lib
PROPVARIANT pv;
PropVariantInit(&pv);
if (SUCCEEDED(store->GetValue(pk, &pv)))
{
CComHeapPtr<wchar_t> pvs;
pvs.Allocate(512);
PropVariantToString(pv, pvs, 512); // needs propvarutil.h and propsys.lib
PropVariantClear(&pv);
wprintf(L" %s=%sn", pkName, pvs);
}
else
{
wprintf(L" %s=???n", pkName);
}
}
}
}
}
}
}
CoUninitialize();

note1:我用过Visual Studio的ATL智能类,这要容易得多。

note2:我使用了IShellItem,这在某种程度上是编程Shell的新方法。你不应该再使用IShellFolder,IEnumIDList,STRRE等

了。注意3:我添加了一个代码来转储项目的所有属性。属性内容的列表取决于应用程序的类型。以下是拖曳示例:

Google Chrome (not a UWP app)
System.ItemNameDisplay=Google Chrome
System.Keywords=chrome
System.Tile.Background=4285031263
System.Tile.Foreground=4294967295
System.Tile.Square150x150LogoPath=79.0.3945.130VisualElementsLogo.png
System.Tile.Flags=1185
System.Tile.Square70x70LogoPath=79.0.3945.130VisualElementsSmallLogo.png
System.ThumbnailCacheId=15284856079963922257
System.Link.TargetParsingPath=C:Program Files (x86)GoogleChromeApplicationchrome.exe
System.AppUserModel.ID=Chrome
System.AppUserModel.PreventPinning=0
System.AppUserModel.BestShortcut=20; 0; 31; 80; 224; 79; 208; 32; 234; 58; 105; 16; 162; 216; 8; 0; 43; 48; 48; 157; 25; 0; 47; 67; 58; 92; 0; 0; 0; 0; 0; 0; 0; 0; 0; 0; 0; 0; 0; 0; 0; 0; 0; 0; 0; 98; 0; 49; 0; 0; 0; 0; 0; 0; 0; 0; 0; 16; 0; 80; 114; 111; 103; 114; 97; 109; 68; 97; 116; 97; 0; 72; 0; 9; 0; 4; 0; 239; 190; 0; 0; 0; 0; 0; 0; 0; 0; 46; 0; 0; 0; 0; 0; 0; 0; 0; 0; 0; 0; 0; 0; 0; 0; 0; 0; 0; 0; 0; 0; 0; 0; 0; 0; 0; 0; 0; 0; 80; 0; 114; 0; 111; 0; 103; 0; 114; 0; 97; 0; 109; 0; 68; 0; 97; 0; 116; 0; 97; 0; 0; 0; 26; 0; 92; 0; 49
System.AppUserModel.HostEnvironment=0
System.AppUserModel.InstalledBy=0
System.AppUserModel.RunFlags=1
...
Paint 3D (a UWP app).
System.ItemNameDisplay=Paint 3D
System.Tile.SmallLogoPath=AssetsLogosSquare44x44PaintAppList.png
System.Tile.Background=4292311040
System.Tile.Foreground=4294967295
System.Tile.LongDisplayName=Paint 3D
System.Tile.Square150x150LogoPath=AssetsLogosSquare150x150PaintMedTile.png
System.Tile.Wide310x150LogoPath=AssetsLogosWide310x150PaintWideTile.png
System.Tile.Flags=1185
System.Tile.Square310x310LogoPath=AssetsLogosSquare310x310PaintLargeTile.png
System.Tile.Square70x70LogoPath=AssetsLogosSquare71x71PaintSmallTile.png
System.Launcher.AppState=0
System.ThumbnailCacheId=10531553521183290931
System.AppUserModel.ID=Microsoft.MSPaint_8wekyb3d8bbwe!Microsoft.MSPaint
System.AppUserModel.HostEnvironment=1
System.AppUserModel.PackageInstallPath=C:Program FilesWindowsAppsMicrosoft.MSPaint_6.1907.18017.0_x64__8wekyb3d8bbwe
System.AppUserModel.PackageFamilyName=Microsoft.MSPaint_8wekyb3d8bbwe
System.AppUserModel.PackageFullName=Microsoft.MSPaint_6.1907.18017.0_x64__8wekyb3d8bbwe
System.AppUserModel.TileUniqueId={3911A337-8941-4141-9D5D-6C2575D40995}

你的代码是不必要的复杂,而且非常有问题。

SHGetKnownFolderItem()不会像您编码的那样输出 PIDL,而是输出一个IShellItem,因为这就是您要求它的内容。

您根本不需要pidlSystem,尤其是因为您无论如何都没有正确使用它。您使用SHBindToParent()的方式,您的代码正在获取 Windows 系统文件夹的IShellFolder,而不是应用程序文件夹。您枚举了系统文件夹的内容,这就是您看不到所需应用程序的原因。

SHGetKnownFolderItem()获得 Apps 文件夹的IShellItem后,可以使用IShellItem::BindToHandler()直接枚举其子项。您根本不需要使用IShellFolder

此外,您的代码充满了内存泄漏。

尝试更多类似的东西:

IShellItem *pApps = nullptr;
HRESULT hr = SHGetKnownFolderItem(FOLDERID_AppsFolder, KF_FLAG_DEFAULT, nullptr, IID_PPV_ARGS(&pApps)); // get apps folder
if (FAILED(hr)) goto done;
IEnumShellItems *ItemList = nullptr;
hr = pApps->BindToHandler(nullptr, BHID_EnumItems, IID_PPV_ARGS(&ItemList)); // start the file scanning process
if (FAILED(hr)) {
pApps->Release();
goto done;
}
IShellItem *Item = nullptr;
while (ItemList->Next(1, &Item, nullptr) == S_OK) // and the list loop
{
LPWSTR pDisplayName = nullptr;
hr = Item->GetDisplayName(SIGDN_NORMALDISPLAY, &pDisplayName); // get the name
if (SUCCEEDED(hr)) {
ATLTRACE2(L"found %sn", pDisplayName);
CoTaskMemFree(pDisplayName);
}
Item->Release();
}
ItemList->Release();
pApps->Release();