c++中数组的未定义错误

基本上，我们试图用这个新对象IntArray使数组在不规则索引处可访问，我们有几个头和.cpp文件，看看：

//intarray.h
#ifndef _IntArray_H
#define _IntArray_H

#include <iostream>
#include <string>
using namespace std;

class IntArray {
public:
IntArray(int n);
IntArray(int a, int b);
IntArray();
IntArray(const IntArray& copyarray);

int low();
int high();
void setName(string n);
int *array;
int size;
void operator+=(IntArray&);
int& operator[](int x);
IntArray& operator=(IntArray&);
int operator!=(IntArray&);
int operator==(IntArray&);
friend ostream& operator<<(ostream&, const IntArray&);
friend IntArray operator+(IntArray& a, IntArray& b);
private:
//PRIVATE DATA MEMBERS
int lo, hi;
string name;

};

#endif

这是下一个文件，另一个头文件

// iadrv.h
#ifndef _IADRV_H
#define _IADRV_H
#include "intarray.h"
int main();
void test1();
void test2();
void test3();
void test4();
void test5();
void test6();
void test7();
void test8();
void test9();
void test10();
void test11();
void test12();
void test13();
void test14();
void test15();
void test16();
void test17();
void test18();
void test19();
void test20();
void wait();
#endif

最后，这里是两个.cpp文件

//intarray.cpp
#include <iostream>
#include <fstream>
#include "IntArray.h"
#include <string>
extern ofstream csis;
using namespace std;

IntArray::IntArray() {
size = 10;
array = new int[size];
lo = 0;
hi = (size - 1);
}
IntArray::IntArray(int n) {
array = new int[n];
lo = 0;
hi = n - 1;
size = n;
}
IntArray::IntArray(int a, int b) {

if (b > a) {
size = (b - a) + 1;
array = new int[size];
lo = a;
hi = b;
}
if (b == a) {
size = 1;
array = new int[size];
lo = a;
hi = b;
}
else if (a > b) {
cout << "-ERROR: First argument cannot be larger than second argument. Program Halted-" << endl;
}

}
IntArray::IntArray(const IntArray& copyarray) {
IntArray::lo = copyarray.lo;
IntArray::hi = copyarray.hi;
IntArray::size = copyarray.size;
array = new int[size];


for (int i = lo; i <= hi; i++) {
array[i] = copyarray.array[i];
}

}

ostream& operator<<(ostream& ostr, const IntArray& target)
{
int offset = target.lo;

for (int i = target.lo; i <= target.hi; i++) {
ostr << target.name << "[" << i << "] = " << target.array[i] << endl;
}
return ostr;
}



void IntArray::operator+=(IntArray& target)
{
int* p1 = (target.array + target.lo);
if ((hi - lo) != (target.hi - target.lo)) {
cout << "-ERROR: For +=, both elements must have same # of elements. Program Halted-" << endl;
csis << "-ERROR: For +=, both elements must have same # of elements. Program Halted-" << endl;
}
else {
for (int i = lo; i <= hi; i++) {
array[i] = *(p1 + i) + *(array + i);
}
}
}


IntArray operator+(IntArray& tar1, IntArray& tar2)
{
IntArray sum(tar1.size);
int* p1, *p2;
p1 = (tar1.array + tar1.lo);
p2 = (tar2.array + tar2.lo);
if (!(tar1.size == tar2.size)) {
cout << "-ERROR: To use +, must have same # of elements. Program Halted-" << endl << endl;
csis << "-ERROR: To use +, must have same # of elements. Program Halted-" << endl << endl;
}
else {
for (int i = 0; i <= sum.size; i++) {
sum.array[i] = *(p1 + i) + *(p2 + i);
}
}
return IntArray(sum);
}







int& IntArray::operator[](int x)
{


/**
if (x < lo) {
cout << "-ERROR: Not in range. Program Halt-" << endl << endl;
csis << "-ERROR: Not in range. Program Halt-" << endl << endl;
}
if (x > hi) {
cout << "-ERROR: Not in range. Program Halt-" << endl << endl;
csis << "-ERROR: Not in range. Program Halt-" << endl << endl;
}
*/
return array[x];
}




int IntArray::operator!=(IntArray& target)
{
int difference = target.lo - IntArray::lo;
int check = 1;
if ((size) == (target.size)) {
for (int i = lo; i <= hi; i++) {
if (array[i] == target.array[i + difference]) {
check--;
}
}
}
else if (size != target.size) {
return check;
}
if (check < 0) {
check = 0;
}
return check;
}









int IntArray::operator==(IntArray& target)
{
int check = 0;
int difference = target.lo - IntArray::lo;

if (size == target.size) {
for (int i = lo; i <= hi; i++) {
if (array[i] == target.array[i + difference]) {
check++;
}
}
}
else if (!(size == target.size)) {
return 0;
}

if (check > 0) {
check = 1;
}
return check;
}





IntArray& IntArray::operator=(IntArray& target)
{
int difference = target.lo - IntArray::lo;

if (size != target.size) {
cout << "ERROR: Invalid assigment of two different sized arrays" << endl << endl << endl;
csis << "ERROR: Invalid assigment of two different sized arrays" << endl << endl << endl;
}
for (int i = IntArray::lo; i <= IntArray::hi; i++) {
array[i] = target.array[i + difference];
}
return *this;
}



void IntArray::setName(string n) {
IntArray::name = n;
}
int IntArray::low() {
return lo;
}

int IntArray::high() {
return hi;
}

这是带有主的.cpp文件

// iadrv.cpp - driver program for testing IntArray class
#include <iostream>
#include <iomanip>
#include <fstream>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include "iadrv.h"
using namespace std;
ofstream csis;
int main() {
csis.open("csis.txt");
test1();
test2();
test3();
/**
test4();
test5();
test6();
test7();
test8();
test9();
test10();
test11();
test12();
test13();
test14();
test15();
test16();
test17();
test18();
test19();
test20();
*/
csis.close();
}
void test1() {
cout << "1. Array declared with single integer: IntArray a(10);" << endl << endl;
csis << "1. Array declared with single integer: IntArray a(10);" << endl << endl;
IntArray a(10);
for (int i = a.low(); i <= a.high(); i++)
a[i] = i * 10;
a.setName("a");
cout << a << endl;
csis << a << endl;
wait();
}
void test2() {
cout << "2. Array declared with two integers: IntArray b(-3, 6);" << endl << endl;
csis << "2. Array declared with two integers: IntArray b(-3, 6);" << endl << endl;
IntArray b(-3, 6);

for (int i = b.low(); i <= b.high(); i++)
b[i] = i * 10;
b.setName("b");
cout << b << endl;
csis << b << endl;
wait();
}
void test3() {
cout << "3. Array declared with two integers: IntArray c(6, 8);" << endl << endl;
csis << "3. Array declared with two integers: IntArray c(6, 8);" << endl << endl;
IntArray c(6, 8);
cout << c.low() << endl;
cout << c.high() << endl;
for (int i = c.low(); i <= c.high(); i++) {
c[i] = i * 10;
cout << c[i] << " " << i << endl;
}

c.setName("c");
cout << c << endl;
csis << c << endl;
wait();
}
void test4() {
cout << "4. Array declared with two identical integers: IntArray d(5, 5);" << endl << endl;
csis << "4. Array declared with two identical integers: IntArray d(5, 5);" << endl << endl;
IntArray d(5, 5);
for (int i = d.low(); i <= d.high(); i++)
d[i] = i * 10;
d.setName("d");
cout << d << endl;
csis << d << endl;
wait();
}
void test5() {
cout << "5. Array declared with no integers: IntArray z;" << endl << endl;
csis << "5. Array declared with no integers: IntArray z;" << endl << endl;
IntArray z;
for (int i = z.low(); i <= z.high(); i++)
z[i] = i * 10;
z.setName("z");
cout << z << endl;
csis << z << endl;
wait();
}
void test6() {
cout << "6. Array declared with another object of type IntArray: IntArray c(6, 8);" << endl;
cout << "                                                        Intarray e(c);" << endl << endl;
csis << "6. Array declared with another object of type IntArray: IntArray c(6, 8);" << endl;
csis << "                                                        Intarray e(c);" << endl << endl;
IntArray c(6, 8);
for (int i = c.low(); i <= c.high(); i++)
c[i] = i * 10;
c.setName("c");
cout << c << endl;
csis << c << endl;
IntArray e(c);
e.setName("e");
cout << e << endl;
csis << e << endl;
wait();
}
void test7() {
cout << "7. Array assigned to another array w/ different indices: IntArray f(1, 4);" << endl;
cout << "                                                         IntArray g(5, 8);" << endl;
cout << "                                                         f = g;" << endl << endl;
csis << "7. Array assigned to another array w/ different indices: IntArray f(1, 4);" << endl;
csis << "                                                         IntArray g(5, 8);" << endl;
csis << "                                                         f = g;" << endl << endl;
IntArray f(1, 4);
for (int i = f.low(); i <= f.high(); i++)
f[i] = i * 10;
f.setName("f");
cout << f << endl;
csis << f << endl;
IntArray g(5, 8);
for (int i = g.low(); i <= g.high(); i++)
g[i] = i * 10;
g.setName("g");
cout << g << endl;
csis << g << endl;
wait();
f = g;
cout << f << endl;
cout << g << endl;
csis << f << endl;
csis << g << endl;
wait();
}
void test8() {
cout << "8. Multiple array assignment with different indices: IntArray j(3, 6);" << endl;
cout << "                                                     IntArray k(6, 9);" << endl;
cout << "                                                     IntArray l(1, 4);" << endl;
cout << "                                                     j = k = l;" << endl << endl;
csis << "8. Multiple array assignment with different indices: IntArray j(3, 6);" << endl;
csis << "                                                     IntArray k(6, 9);" << endl;
csis << "                                                     IntArray l(1, 4);" << endl;
csis << "                                                     j = k = l;" << endl << endl;
IntArray j(3, 6);
for (int i = j.low(); i <= j.high(); i++)
j[i] = i * 10;
j.setName("j");
cout << j << endl;
csis << j << endl;
IntArray k(6, 9);
for (int i = k.low(); i <= k.high(); i++)
k[i] = i * 10;
k.setName("k");
cout << k << endl;
csis << k << endl;
IntArray l(1, 4);
for (int i = l.low(); i <= l.high(); i++)
l[i] = i * 10;
l.setName("l");
cout << l << endl;
csis << l << endl;
wait();
j = k = l;
cout << j << endl;
cout << k << endl;
cout << l << endl;
csis << j << endl;
csis << k << endl;
csis << l << endl;
wait();
}
void test9() {
cout << "9. Overloaded equality operator (identical elements): IntArray m(3, 7);" << endl;
cout << "                                                      IntArray n(1, 5);" << endl;
cout << "                                                      m == n" << endl << endl;
csis << "9. Overloaded equality operator (identical elements): IntArray m(3, 7);" << endl;
csis << "                                                      IntArray n(1, 5);" << endl;
csis << "                                                      m == n" << endl << endl;
IntArray m(3, 7);
for (int i = m.low(); i <= m.high(); i++)
m[i] = i * 10;
m.setName("m");
cout << m << endl;
csis << m << endl;
IntArray n(1, 5);
for (int i = n.low(); i <= n.high(); i++)
n[i] = i * 10;
n.setName("n");
cout << n << endl;
csis << n << endl;
wait();
m = n;
cout << m << endl;
cout << n << endl;
cout << "Returns " << (m == n ? "True." : "False.") << endl << endl;
csis << m << endl;
csis << n << endl;
csis << "Returns " << (m == n ? "True." : "False.") << endl << endl;
wait();
}
void test10() {
cout << "10. Overloaded equality operator (different elements): IntArray o(3, 7);" << endl;
cout << "                                                       IntArray p(1, 5);" << endl;
cout << "                                                       o == p" << endl << endl;
csis << "10. Overloaded equality operator (different elements): IntArray o(3, 7);" << endl;
csis << "                                                       IntArray p(1, 5);" << endl;
csis << "                                                       o == p" << endl << endl;
IntArray o(3, 7);
for (int i = o.low(); i <= o.high(); i++)
o[i] = i * 10;
o.setName("o");
cout << o << endl;
csis << o << endl;
IntArray p(1, 5);
for (int i = p.low(); i <= p.high(); i++)
p[i] = i * 10;
p.setName("p");
cout << p << endl;
cout << "Returns " << (o == p ? "True." : "False.") << endl << endl;
csis << p << endl;
csis << "Returns " << (o == p ? "True." : "False.") << endl << endl;
wait();
}
void test11() {
cout << "11. Overloaded equality operator (different size arrays): IntArray q(1, 3);" << endl;
cout << "                                                          IntArray r(1, 4);" << endl;
cout << "                                                          q == r;" << endl << endl;
csis << "11. Overloaded equality operator (different size arrays): IntArray q(1, 3);" << endl;
csis << "                                                          IntArray r(1, 4);" << endl;
csis << "                                                          q == r;" << endl << endl;
IntArray q(1, 3);
for (int i = q.low(); i <= q.high(); i++)
q[i] = i * 10;
q.setName("q");
cout << q << endl;
csis << q << endl;
IntArray r(1, 4);
for (int i = r.low(); i <= r.high(); i++)
r[i] = i * 10;
r.setName("r");
cout << r << endl;
cout << "Returns " << (q == r ? "True." : "False.") << endl << endl;
csis << r << endl;
csis << "Returns " << (q == r ? "True." : "False.") << endl << endl;
wait();
}
void test12() {
cout << "12. Overloaded inequality operator (identical elements): IntArray s(3, 7);" << endl;
cout << "                                                         IntArray t(1, 5);" << endl;
cout << "                                                         s != t;" << endl << endl;
csis << "12. Overloaded inequality operator (identical elements): IntArray s(3, 7);" << endl;
csis << "                                                         IntArray t(1, 5);" << endl;
csis << "                                                         s != t;" << endl << endl;
IntArray s(3, 7);
for (int i = s.low(); i <= s.high(); i++)
s[i] = i * 10;
s.setName("s");
cout << s << endl;
csis << s << endl;
IntArray t(1, 5);
for (int i = t.low(); i <= t.high(); i++)
t[i] = i * 10;
t.setName("t");
cout << t << endl;
csis << t << endl;
wait();
s = t;
cout << s << endl;
cout << t << endl;
cout << "Returns " << (s != t ? "True." : "False.") << endl << endl;
csis << s << endl;
csis << t << endl;
csis << "Returns " << (s != t ? "True." : "False.") << endl << endl;
wait();
}
void test13() {
cout << "13. Overloaded inequality operator (different elements): IntArray u(3, 7);" << endl;
cout << "                                                         IntArray v(1, 5);" << endl;
cout << "                                                         u != v;" << endl << endl;
csis << "13. Overloaded inequality operator (different elements): IntArray u(3, 7);" << endl;
csis << "                                                         IntArray v(1, 5);" << endl;
csis << "                                                         u != v;" << endl << endl;
IntArray u(3, 7);
for (int i = u.low(); i <= u.high(); i++)
u[i] = i * 10;
u.setName("u");
cout << u << endl;
csis << u << endl;
IntArray v(1, 5);
for (int i = v.low(); i <= v.high(); i++)
v[i] = i * 10;
v.setName("v");
cout << v << endl;
cout << "Returns " << (u != v ? "True." : "False.") << endl << endl;
csis << v << endl;
csis << "Returns " << (u != v ? "True." : "False.") << endl << endl;
wait();
}
void test14() {
cout << "14. Overloaded inequality operator (different size arrays): IntArray w(1, 3);" << endl;
cout << "                                           IntArray x(1, 4);" << endl;
cout << "                                           w != x;" << endl << endl;
csis << "14. Overloaded inequality operator (different size arrays): IntArray w(1, 3);" << endl;
csis << "                                           IntArray x(1, 4);" << endl;
csis << "                                           w != x;" << endl << endl;
IntArray w(1, 3);
for (int i = w.low(); i <= w.high(); i++)
w[i] = i * 10;
w.setName("w");
cout << w << endl;
csis << w << endl;
IntArray x(1, 4);
for (int i = x.low(); i <= x.high(); i++)
x[i] = i * 10;
x.setName("x");
cout << x << endl;
cout << "Returns " << (w != x ? "True." : "False.") << endl << endl;
csis << x << endl;
csis << "Returns " << (w != x ? "True." : "False.") << endl << endl;
wait();
}
void test15() {
cout << "15. Sum of two arrays assigned to third array: IntArray a(1, 5);" << endl;
cout << "                                               IntArray b(4, 8);" << endl;
cout << "                                               IntArray c = a + b;" << endl << endl;
csis << "15. Sum of two arrays assigned to third array: IntArray a(1, 5);" << endl;
csis << "                                               IntArray b(4, 8);" << endl;
csis << "                                               IntArray c = a + b;" << endl << endl;
IntArray a(1, 5);
for (int i = a.low(); i <= a.high(); i++)
a[i] = i * 10;
a.setName("a");
cout << a << endl;
csis << a << endl;
IntArray b(4, 8);
for (int i = b.low(); i <= b.high(); i++)
b[i] = i * 10;
b.setName("b");
cout << b << endl;
csis << b << endl;
wait();
IntArray c = a + b;
c.setName("c");
cout << c << endl;
csis << c << endl;
wait();
}
void test16() {
cout << "16. Sum of two arrays assigned to first array: IntArray d(10, 13);" << endl;
cout << "                                               IntArray e(30, 33);" << endl;
cout << "                                               d += e;" << endl << endl;
csis << "16. Sum of two arrays assigned to first array: IntArray d(10, 13);" << endl;
csis << "                                               IntArray e(30, 33);" << endl;
csis << "                                               d += e;" << endl << endl;
IntArray d(10, 13);
for (int i = d.low(); i <= d.high(); i++)
d[i] = i * 10;
d.setName("d");
cout << d << endl;
csis << d << endl;
IntArray e(30, 33);
for (int i = e.low(); i <= e.high(); i++)
e[i] = i * 10;
e.setName("e");
cout << e << endl;
csis << e << endl;
d += e;
cout << d << endl;
csis << d << endl;
wait();
}
void test17() {
cout << "17. Array declared with illegal array bounds: IntArray f(5, 2);" << endl << endl;
csis << "17. Array declared with illegal array bounds: IntArray f(5, 2);" << endl << endl;
IntArray f(5, 2);
for (int i = f.low(); i <= f.high(); i++)
f[i] = i * 10;
f.setName("f");
cout << f << endl;
csis << f << endl;
wait();
}
void test18() {
cout << "18. Array with index out of range: IntArray g(10);" << endl;
cout << "                                   g[10] = 1;" << endl << endl;
csis << "18. Array with index out of range: IntArray g(10);" << endl;
csis << "                                   g[10] = 1;" << endl << endl;
IntArray g(10);
for (int i = g.low(); i <= g.high(); i++)
g[i] = i * 10;
g.setName("g");
cout << g << endl;
csis << g << endl;
g[10] = 1;
wait();
}
void test19() {
cout << "19. Arrays with length mismatch: IntArray m(1, 4);" << endl;
cout << "                                 IntArray n(2, 4);" << endl;
cout << "                                 m = n;" << endl << endl;
csis << "19. Arrays with length mismatch: IntArray m(1, 4);" << endl;
csis << "                                 IntArray n(2, 4);" << endl;
csis << "                                 m = n;" << endl << endl;
IntArray m(1, 4);
for (int i = m.low(); i <= m.high(); i++)
m[i] = i * 10;
m.setName("m");
cout << m << endl;
csis << m << endl;
IntArray n(2, 4);
for (int i = n.low(); i <= n.high(); i++)
n[i] = i * 10;
n.setName("n");
cout << n << endl;
csis << n << endl;
wait();
m = n;
cout << m << endl;
cout << n << endl;
csis << m << endl;
csis << n << endl;
wait();
}
void test20() {
cout << "20. Array subscript operator: IntArray o(7, 8);" << endl;
cout << "                              o[7] = 25;" << endl;
cout << "                              o[8] = o[7];" << endl << endl;
csis << "20. Array subscript operator: IntArray o(7, 8);" << endl;
csis << "                              o[7] = 25;" << endl;
csis << "                              o[8] = o[7];" << endl << endl;
IntArray o(7, 8);
for (int i = o.low(); i <= o.high(); i++)
o[i] = i * 10;
o.setName("o");
cout << o << endl;
csis << o << endl;
o[7] = 25;
o[8] = o[7];
cout << o << endl;
csis << o << endl;
wait();
}
void wait() {
char buf;
cout << "Press any key to continue." << endl;
cin.get(buf);
}

问题是，当我尝试在test3((中运行和编译时，它有时会正确输出，但其他时候我会重建解决方案，尽管有相同的代码，但它会给出垃圾值。这很奇怪，我似乎不明白它为什么要做这个