C++ MDC final-在字符类型的数组结构中按字母顺序对记录中的名称进行排序

C++ MDC Final - Sort Names in Records Alphabetically While in Array Struct of Type Char

本文关键字:记录 顺序 排序 final- MDC 字符 类型 C++ 结构 数组      更新时间:2023-10-16

我能够编写一个程序来通过我在大学的 c++ 课程,除了一个功能。我无法创建一个函数,该函数按字母顺序对名称为 char 类型的结构数组中的名称进行排序。请告知如何解决此问题。

我需要一个按字母顺序对 accountRecords 数组进行排序的函数。

#include <iostream>
#include <ctime>
#include <fstream>
#include <string>
#include <vector>
#include <string>
#include <iomanip>
using namespace std;

//Structure Initilizations
const int NAME_SIZE = 25, ADDR_SIZE = 100, CITY_SIZE = 51, STATE_SIZE = 4, DATE_SIZE = 16, CUSTOMER_ID = 10, TRANSACTION_TYPE = 16;
struct MasterRecord
{
int customerID;
char name[NAME_SIZE]; // SORT THIS FIELD ALPHABETICALLY
char address[ADDR_SIZE];
char city[ADDR_SIZE];
char state[STATE_SIZE];
char zip[STATE_SIZE];
float accountBalance;
char lastTransactionDate[15];
};
struct TransactionRecord
{
int customerID;
char transactionType;
float amount;
char transactionDate[15];
};
//File Array Initializations
vector<MasterRecord> masterRecordList(101);
vector<TransactionRecord> transRecordList(101);
//Array List Record Position
int masterRecordArrayPosition = 0;
int transactionRecordArrayPosition = 0;
//User Menu Answer Variable Initialization
int userAnswer = 0;
string recordNotFoundAnswer = "";
//Print Function Prototypes
void showMenu();
void showMasterRecord(int);
void showTransactionRecord(int);
//Main Menu Function Prototypes
void newCustomerRecord(int);
void editCustomerRecord(int);
void deleteCustomerRecord(int);
int randomComputerID();
int searchMasterRecord(int);
void saveAccountRecords();
void saveTransRecords();
void newTransactionRecord(int);
//Placeholders Variables
int customerIDsearch = 0;
int customerIDSearchArrayPosition = 0;
int userNameCharactererror = 0;
//Function Loop Counters
int accountWriteCounter = 0;
int transWriteCounter = 0;
int showRecordCounter = 0;
int showTransCounter = 0;
//System time Declaration and Conversion for [lastTransactionDate]
time_t now = time(0);
tm *ltm = localtime(&now);
string currentYearInString = to_string(1900 + ltm->tm_year);
string currentMonthInString = to_string(1 + ltm->tm_mon);
string currentDayInString = to_string(ltm->tm_mday);
string currentDateInString = currentMonthInString + "/" + currentDayInString + "/" + currentYearInString;
char dateInChar[15];

//Main Program
int main()
{
//Final conversion of time in string to char for storage
strncpy_s(dateInChar, currentDateInString.c_str(), 15);

//Open MasterRecord file and read records to arrays
fstream masterRecord("masterRecord.dat", ios::in | ios::binary);
int listCounter = 0;
if (!masterRecord) {
cout << "Unable to open the user records file, creating file database....Done!" << endl;
masterRecord.open("masterRecord.dat", ios::out | ios::binary);
}
else {
while (!masterRecord.eof()) {
masterRecord.read(reinterpret_cast<char *>(&masterRecordList[listCounter]), sizeof(masterRecordList[0]));
if (masterRecordList[listCounter].customerID != 0) {
listCounter++;
}
masterRecordArrayPosition = listCounter;
}
masterRecord.close();
}
//Open Transaction Record and read to arrays
fstream transactionRecord("transactionRecord.dat", ios::in | ios::binary);
int listCounter2 = 0;
if (!transactionRecord) {
cout << "Unable to open the transaction file, creating file database....Done!" << endl << endl;
transactionRecord.open("transactionRecord.dat", ios::out | ios::binary);
}
else {
while (!transactionRecord.eof()) {
transactionRecord.read(reinterpret_cast<char *>(&transRecordList[listCounter2]), sizeof(transRecordList[0]));
if (transRecordList[listCounter2].customerID != 0) {
listCounter2++;
}
transactionRecordArrayPosition = listCounter2;
}
transactionRecord.close();
}

//Time Declaration Used to Generate Random IDs
srand((unsigned)time(0));
//Main user Program Loop
while (userAnswer != 6) {
showMenu();
cin >> userAnswer; cout << endl;

//Menu Input Data Validation
if (cin.fail()) {
cout << "Please only enter numbers 1-6 for the corresponding menu selection." << endl;
cin.clear();
cin.ignore();
}
else {
if (userAnswer < 1 || userAnswer > 7) {
cout << "Please only enter numbers 1-6 for the corresponding menu selection." << endl;
userAnswer = 0;
}
}
//Menu Selection Switch Case    
switch (userAnswer) {
case 1:
newCustomerRecord(masterRecordArrayPosition);
cout << "Record has been saved." << endl << endl;
break;
case 2:
newTransactionRecord(transactionRecordArrayPosition);
break;
case 3:
cout << "Please enter the Customer ID you would like to Delete" << endl << endl; //[Delete Customer Record] Function goes here
cin >> customerIDsearch;
customerIDSearchArrayPosition = searchMasterRecord(customerIDsearch);
if (customerIDSearchArrayPosition != 9999) {
deleteCustomerRecord(customerIDSearchArrayPosition);
}
break;
case 4:
cout << "Please enter the Customer ID you would like to edit." << endl << endl; //[Search/Edit Customer Record] Function goes here
cin >> customerIDsearch;
customerIDSearchArrayPosition = searchMasterRecord(customerIDsearch);
if (customerIDSearchArrayPosition != 9999) {
editCustomerRecord(customerIDSearchArrayPosition);
}
else {
cout << "Record was not found, would you like to add a new record? Y = Yes, N = No" << endl << endl;
cin >> recordNotFoundAnswer;
if (recordNotFoundAnswer == "Y" | recordNotFoundAnswer == "y") {
newCustomerRecord(masterRecordArrayPosition);
cout << "Record has been saved." << endl << endl;
}
else if (recordNotFoundAnswer == "N" | recordNotFoundAnswer == "n") {
userAnswer = 0;
}
}
break;
case 5:
cout << setw(212) << "Please find all customer records in the database" << endl << endl;  //[Show all Records] Function goes here
cout  << setw(40) << "Name:" << setw(10) << "ID:" << setw(23) << "Street Address:"  <<setw(10) << "ZIP:"  << setw(16) << "L.Trans Date:" << setw(11) << "Balance: " << endl;
while (showRecordCounter < 100) {
if (masterRecordList[showRecordCounter].customerID != 0) {
showMasterRecord(showRecordCounter);
}
showRecordCounter = showRecordCounter + 1;
} showRecordCounter = 0;
userAnswer = 0;
cout << endl;
break;
case 6:
cout << "Saving changes to database...Done!" << endl;
saveAccountRecords();
saveTransRecords();
cout << "Done!" << endl;
break;
case 7:
cout << "Showing all transaction Records:" << endl << endl;
while (showTransCounter < 100) {
if (transRecordList[showTransCounter].customerID != 0) {
showTransactionRecord(showTransCounter);
}
showTransCounter = showTransCounter + 1;
} showTransCounter = 0;
userAnswer = 0;
break;
}

}
return 0;
}
//Databas Management Functions
void saveAccountRecords() {
fstream masterRecord("masterRecord.dat", ios::out | ios::binary);
while (accountWriteCounter < 100) {
masterRecord.write(reinterpret_cast<char *>(&masterRecordList[accountWriteCounter]), sizeof(masterRecordList[0]));
accountWriteCounter++;
}
masterRecord.close();
}
void saveTransRecords() {
fstream transRecord("transactionRecord.dat", ios::out | ios::binary);
while (transWriteCounter < 100) {
transRecord.write(reinterpret_cast<char *>(&transRecordList[transWriteCounter]), sizeof(transRecordList[0]));
transWriteCounter++;
}
transRecord.close();
}
//Random Function
int randomComputerID() {
int randomNumber;
randomNumber = (rand() % 1000) + 10000;
return randomNumber;
}
//Program Print Functions
void showMenu() {
cout << "Welcome to your C++ company terminal! Please enter one of the options below to continue." << endl << endl;
cout << "1. New Customer Record" << endl;
cout << "2. New Transaction Record" << endl;
cout << "3. Delete Customer Record" << endl;
cout << "4. Edit Customer Record" << endl;
cout << "5. Show all Account Records in Database" << endl;
cout << "6. Exit and Save Changes to Database" << endl << endl;
cout << "Please enter the number for the correspondent action you would like to perform:" << endl;
}
void showMasterRecord(int arrayNum) {


cout  << setw(40)
<< masterRecordList[arrayNum].name << setw(10) << masterRecordList[arrayNum].customerID << setw(23)
<<  masterRecordList[arrayNum].address << setw(10)
<<  masterRecordList[arrayNum].zip << setw(16)
<<  masterRecordList[arrayNum].lastTransactionDate << setw(6) <<"$"
<<  masterRecordList[arrayNum].accountBalance; cout << endl;
}
void showTransactionRecord(int arrayNum) {
cout << "Customer ID: " << transRecordList[arrayNum].customerID << endl;
cout << "Amount: $" << transRecordList[arrayNum].amount << endl;
cout << "Transaction Type: " << transRecordList[arrayNum].transactionType << endl;
cout << "Transaction Date: " << transRecordList[arrayNum].transactionDate << endl << endl;
}
//Main Menu Functions [Please insert your functions here and prototype them above].
void newCustomerRecord(int arrayNum) {
cout << "Customer ID: ";
masterRecordList[arrayNum].customerID = randomComputerID();
cout << masterRecordList[arrayNum].customerID; cout << endl;
cin.ignore();

do 
{
cout << "Name: ";
cin.getline(masterRecordList[arrayNum].name, 25); 
if (cin.fail()) {
cout << endl << "Please enter only characters up 25 chracters for your name." << endl;
userNameCharactererror = 1;
cin.clear();
cin.ignore(80, 'n');
}
else {
userNameCharactererror = 0;
}
} while (userNameCharactererror == 1);
cout << "Address: ";
cin.getline(masterRecordList[arrayNum].address, 100);
cout << "City: ";
cin >> masterRecordList[arrayNum].city;
cout << "State: ";
cin >> masterRecordList[arrayNum].state;
cout << "Zip Code: ";
cin >> masterRecordList[arrayNum].zip;
cout << "Opening Balance: $";
cin >> masterRecordList[arrayNum].accountBalance; cout << endl; cout << endl;
masterRecordArrayPosition = masterRecordArrayPosition + 1;
}
void editCustomerRecord(int arrayNum) {
cout << "Customer ID: ";
cout << masterRecordList[arrayNum].customerID; cout << endl;
cin.ignore();
cout << "Name: ";
cin.getline(masterRecordList[arrayNum].name, 51);
cout << "Address: ";
cin.getline(masterRecordList[arrayNum].address, 100);
cout << "City: ";
cin >> masterRecordList[arrayNum].city;
cout << "State: ";
cin >> masterRecordList[arrayNum].state;
cout << "Zip Code: ";
cin >> masterRecordList[arrayNum].zip;
cout << "Edit Balance: $";
cin >> masterRecordList[arrayNum].accountBalance; cout << endl; cout << endl;
}
void deleteCustomerRecord(int arrayNum) {
if (masterRecordList[arrayNum].accountBalance == 0)
{
masterRecordList[arrayNum].customerID = 0;
cout << "Record has been deleted" << endl << endl;
}
else {
cout << "Unable to delete record, customer accounts holds a positive balance" << endl << endl;
}
}
int searchMasterRecord(int customerID) //Search by customer name and returns array position
{
int arrayPosition = 0;
int arrayCounter = 0;
int customerIdPlaceholder = 0;
while (arrayCounter < 100) {
customerIdPlaceholder = masterRecordList[arrayCounter].customerID;
if (customerIdPlaceholder == customerID) {
cout << "Record has been found!" << endl << endl;
arrayPosition = arrayCounter;
arrayCounter = 100;
}
else {
arrayPosition = 9999;
}
arrayCounter = arrayCounter + 1;
}
return arrayPosition;
};
void newTransactionRecord(int arrayNum) {
// Request customer ID and transaction type from the user
cout << "Customer ID: ";
cin >> transRecordList[arrayNum].customerID;
cin.ignore();
cout << "Date: ";
strncpy_s(transRecordList[arrayNum].transactionDate, dateInChar, 15);
cout << transRecordList[arrayNum].transactionDate << endl;
cout << "Transaction Type [D = Deposit] [W = Withdrawal]: ";
cin >> transRecordList[arrayNum].transactionType;
cout << "Amount: $";
cin >> transRecordList[arrayNum].amount;
//Search for customer account, update balance, and assign last transaction date
customerIDSearchArrayPosition = searchMasterRecord(transRecordList[arrayNum].customerID);
if (customerIDSearchArrayPosition != 9999) {
if (transRecordList[arrayNum].transactionType == 'D') {
masterRecordList[customerIDSearchArrayPosition].accountBalance = masterRecordList[customerIDSearchArrayPosition].accountBalance + transRecordList[arrayNum].amount;
strncpy_s(masterRecordList[customerIDSearchArrayPosition].lastTransactionDate, dateInChar, 9);
cout << "Deposit Successful! " << endl << endl;
}
else if (transRecordList[arrayNum].transactionType == 'W') {
masterRecordList[customerIDSearchArrayPosition].accountBalance = masterRecordList[customerIDSearchArrayPosition].accountBalance - transRecordList[arrayNum].amount;
strncpy_s(masterRecordList[customerIDSearchArrayPosition].lastTransactionDate, dateInChar, 9);
cout << "Withdrawl Successful" << endl << endl;
}
}
else {
cout << "Customer account record was not found, transaction was not saved." << endl << endl;
}
transactionRecordArrayPosition = transactionRecordArrayPosition + 1;
}

大致如下:

std::sort(masterRecordList.begin(),
masterRecordList.begin() + masterRecordArrayPosition,
[](const MasterRecord& l, const MasterRecord& r) {
return strcmp(l.name, r.name) < 0;
});