C++ 标记之前预期主表达式'('错误

C++ error expected primary-expression before '(' token

本文关键字:表达式 错误 C++      更新时间:2023-10-16

我正在尝试创建一个程序,该程序从用户输入中获取n个随机节点,并创建一个随机整数,然后将其放入二进制树中,然后复制为优先级队列。整数成为每个节点的键,另一个整数计数键的频率。当我复制优先队列时,我会遇到问题,因为我会得到重复,并且需要删除它们。我尝试通过节点构造函数创建一个集合,但在.cpp文件中获得上面的错误。

#include <iostream>
#include <random>
#include <ctime>
#include <queue>
#include <set>
#include <functional>
#include <algorithm>
#include<list>
#include "Q7.h"
using namespace std;
int main()
{
node * root=NULL;
node z;
int n,v;
vector<int> first;
vector<int>::iterator fi;
default_random_engine gen(time(NULL));
cout<<"how many values? "; cin>>n;
for(int i=0; i<n; i++)
{  (v=gen()%n);
first.push_back(v);
    if(root==NULL){root = node(set(v));}///This is where I get the error!!
    else{
      root->addnode(v);
       }
}
z.unsortedRemoveDuplicates(first);
cout<<"Binary Tree in a depth first manner with Duplicates removed!"<<endl;
for ( fi = first.begin() ; fi != first.end(); ++fi{cout<<"Node "<<*fi<<endl;}
cout<<"-------------------"<<endl;
root->display();
cout<<"-------------------"<<endl;
cout<<"-------------------"<<endl;
 root->display_Queue1();
cout<<"-------------------"<<endl;
return 0;
 }


my .h file
class node
{
public:
node(){left=NULL; right=NULL; ct = 1;}
node set(int v) {val = v; left=NULL; right=NULL; ct=1;}
node (int Pri, int cat)
: val(Pri), ct(cat) {}
friend bool operator<(//sorts queue by lowest Priority
const  node& x, const  node& y)  {
    return x.val < y.val;
}
friend bool operator>(//sorts queue by greatest Priority
const node& x, const node& y) {
    return x.ct > y.ct;
}
friend ostream&//prints out queue later
operator<<(ostream& os, const node& Pri) {
return os  <<"my value = "<<Pri.val<<" occured "<<Pri.ct<<" times";
}
int unsortedRemoveDuplicates(vector<int>& numbers)
{
node set<int> seenNums; //log(n) existence check
auto itr = begin(numbers);
while(itr != end(numbers))
{
    if(seenNums.find(*itr) != end(seenNums)) //seen? erase it
        itr = numbers.erase(itr); //itr now points to next element
    else
    {
        seenNums.insert(*itr);
        itr++;
    }
}
return seenNums.size();
}
priority_queue<node, vector<node>, greater<node> > pq;
priority_queue<node, vector<node>, less<node> > pq1;
void addnode(int v)
{
   if(v==val){ct++;}
   pq.emplace(node (set (v)));///No error here for set with constructor why??
   pq.emplace(node (set (v)));
    if(v<val)
        {
        if(left==NULL){left=new node(set(v));
            }
        else{left->addnode(v);
            }
        }
    else
        {
        if(right==NULL){right = new node (set(v));
            }
        else{right->addnode(v);
            }
        }
}
int display()
    {
        if(left!=NULL){left->display();}
        cout<<"frequency  "<<ct<<" value"<<val<<endl;
        if(right!=NULL){right->display();}
    }
void display_Queue()
    {
        cout << "0. size: " << pq.size() << 'n';
        cout << "Popping out elements from Pqueue..."<<'n';
        while (!pq.empty())
        {
        cout << pq.top() <<  endl;
        pq.pop();
        }
        cout << 'n';
    }
        void display_Queue1()
    {
        cout << "0. size: " << pq1.size() << 'n';
        cout << "Popping out elements from Pqueue..."<<'n';
        while (!pq1.empty())
        {
        cout << pq1.top() <<  endl;
        pq1.pop();
        }
        cout << 'n';
    }
private:
int val;      ///value in that node
int ct;
///ct = count of that value
node * left;
node * right;
};

恭喜,与此行:

root = node(set(v));

您已经发现了为什么这里的人们经常说避免使用using namespace std;。这被解释为:

root = static_cast<node>(std::set(v));

而不是您想要的,可能是:

root = new node();
root->set(v);

首先,请注意,我们需要使用new,因为我们正在创建一个新的node,而不是试图将node施加到node,这也将给出另一个编译器错误,以尝试将值分配给指针。p>接下来,请注意,由于那里没有using namespace std;,因此您不会在标题文件中收到错误,并且由于它在成员函数中,该行:

void node::addnode(int v)
{
    //...
    pq.emplace(node (set (v)));///No error here for set with constructor why??
    //...
}

被解释为:

pq.emplace(static_cast<node>(this->set(v)));

但是,这是您真正想做的吗?


此外,我会将构造函数更改为:

public:
    node (int Pri = 0, int cat = 1)
        : val(Pri), ct(cat), left(NULL), right(NULL) {}
    // DELETED node (int Pri, int cat)

因此您可以做:

root = new node(v);

它将正如我认为的那样起作用。