创建结构并传递IT功能

creating structure and passing it function

本文关键字：IT 功能 结构 创建      更新时间：2023-10-16

我需要在正确创建功能的情况下提供帮助，然后将其传递到功能。我有这样的代码：

struct phones {
    char lastname[15];
    char number[8];
    char city[15];
} *list;
void enter(phones[], int);
int main()
{
    int n;
    cout << "Enter the number of users: ";
    cin >> n;
    list = new phones[n];
    enter(list, n);
    system("pause");
    delete[]list;
    return 0;
}
void enter(phones list[], int n) {
    for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
    {
        cout << "User number " << i + 1 << endl;
        cout << "Enter user's lastname ";
        cin >> list[i].lastname;
        cout << "Enter user's number: ";
        cin >> list[i].number;
        cout << "Enter user's city: ";
        cin >> list[i].city;
    }
}

我的老师告诉我，在其中使用*list创建结构不好。现在，我有一个问题如何正确创建结构，从用户输入中声明大小，然后将其传递给功能。

在声明 struct之后，您总是可以定义变量：

phones *list;

c 没有VLA，因此要么使用动态分配，该分配是根据您的描述不服从的，要么使用C 中的特殊内容：stl。

创建struct phones的向量可以使其非常简单：

#include <vector>
// After input number
std::vector<phones> list(n);

您不必打扰new S和delete s。

只是为了娱乐，我重写了您的程序，其中包括显示读取数据的函数。这就是我的方式：

#include <cstdlib>
#include <iostream>
using std::cin;
using std::cout;
using std::endl;
struct User {
  char lastname[15];
  char number[8];
  char city[15];
};
void enter(User users[], int n)
{
  for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
    cout << "[User number " << (i + 1) << "]" << endl;
    cout << "Enter user's lastname: ";
    cin >> users[i].lastname;
    cout << "Enter user's number: ";
    cin >> users[i].number;
    cout << "Enter user's city: ";
    cin >> users[i].city;
  }
}
void show(User users[], int n)
{
  for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
    cout << "[User number " << (i + 1) << "]" << endl;
    cout << "Lastname: " << users[i].lastname << endl;
    cout << "Number: " << users[i].number << endl;
    cout << "City: " << users[i].city << endl;
  }
}
int main()
{
  int n;
  cout << "Enter the number of users: ";
  cin >> n;
  User* users = new User[n];
  enter(users, n);
  cout << "-- Displaying users: --" << endl;
  show(users, n);
  system("pause");
  delete[] users;
  return 0;
}

您还可以通过在struct之前先于typedef并使用列表

来消除程序中的问题

示例如下：

typedef struct Person {
  char lastname[15];
  char number[8];
  char city[15];
} * List;
void enter(List list, int n) ;
void show(List list, int n);
int main()
{
  int n;
  cout << "Enter the number of users: ";
  cin >> n;
  List users = new Person[n];
  enter(users, n);
  cout << "-- Displaying users: --" << endl;
  show(users, n);
  system("pause");
  delete[] users;
  return 0;
}
void show(List list, int n)
{
  for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
    cout << "[User number " << (i + 1) << "]" << endl;
    cout << "Lastname: " << list[i].lastname << endl;
    cout << "Number: " << list[i].number << endl;
    cout << "City: " << list[i].city << endl;
  }
}
void enter(List list, int n) {
    for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
    {
        cout << "User number " << i + 1 << endl;
        cout << "Enter user's lastname ";
        cin >> list[i].lastname;
        cout << "Enter user's number: ";
        cin >> list[i].number;
        cout << "Enter user's city: ";
        cin >> list[i].city;
    }
}
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