如何从连接的控制台执行命令

How to execute commands from an attached console

本文关键字：控制台 执行 命令 连接      更新时间：2023-10-16

我正在编写一个WinAPI GUI程序，该程序需要调用ftp以及可能的其他控制台程序，同时获得相应的控制台输出。在读取所有输出之前等待ftp完成执行是不行的。

我目前的方法是调用CreateProcess()来创建一个cmd.exe进程，该进程可能隐藏丑陋的控制台窗口，AttachConsole()使其成为我自己的，GetStdHandle()获取输入和输出句柄，SetConsoleCursorPosition()到控制台缓冲区的末尾，WriteConsole()使用ftp或dir等命令。然而，这些命令是写的，但不是执行的。但是，我可以手动使用相同的控制台(使用带有CREATE_NEW_CONSOLE标志的CreateProcess())键入ftp并按enter键执行。

以前涉及的方法：

  1. 使用CreateProcess()直接调用ftp并重定向输入/输出。

    在CreateProcess()进程结束之前无法获得ftp输出。

  2. 使用CCD_ 10。

    在获得任何输出之前，建议不要使用它。

我当前的精简代码：

// Next two structures might be a bit misleading, they were used for the 1. previous
// approach
PROCESS_INFORMATION piProcInfo;
ZeroMemory( &piProcInfo, sizeof(PROCESS_INFORMATION)); 
STARTUPINFO siStartInfo;
ZeroMemory( &siStartInfo, sizeof(STARTUPINFO) );
siStartInfo.cb = sizeof(STARTUPINFO); 
siStartInfo.hStdError = g_hChildStd_OUT_Wr;
siStartInfo.hStdOutput = g_hChildStd_OUT_Wr;
siStartInfo.hStdInput = g_hChildStd_IN_Rd;
siStartInfo.dwFlags |= STARTF_USESTDHANDLES;
SECURITY_ATTRIBUTES security;
security.nLength = sizeof(SECURITY_ATTRIBUTES); 
security.lpSecurityDescriptor = NULL;
security.bInheritHandle = FALSE;
CreateProcess( NULL, "cmd", &security, &security, FALSE, NORMAL_PRIORITY_CLASS |
CREATE_NEW_CONSOLE, NULL, NULL, &siStartInfo, &piProcInfo); 
uint32_t pidConsole = piProcInfo.dwProcessId;
while ( ! AttachConsole(pidConsole) ){};
HANDLE myConsoleIn, myConsoleOut;
myConsoleIn = GetStdHandle(STD_INPUT_HANDLE);
myConsoleOut = GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE);
Sleep(100);
CONSOLE_SCREEN_BUFFER_INFO myConsoleCursorInformation = {};
GetConsoleScreenBufferInfo(myConsoleOut,&myConsoleCursorInformation);
SetConsoleCursorPosition(myConsoleOut,myConsoleCursorInformation.dwSize);
CHAR myConsoleBuffer[200]="dirn";
DWORD myConsoleProcessed;
WriteConsole( myConsoleOut, myConsoleBuffer, 4, &myConsoleProcessed, NULL);

如何在控制台中编写命令以执行除了我尝试用尾随的n结束命令之外，还有其他选择吗。使用带有dir或ftp参数的WriteConsole()

我想在键入所需命令后向有问题的进程发送一个按键。然而，创建的控制台不仅需要手动按下回车键，还需要有dir、ftp或任何需要手动键入的命令。

请随时指出任何遗漏的信息！

如何在控制台中编写命令以执行？有没有另一种选择是我尝试用尾随的命令结束命令。将WriteConsole()与dir或ftp参数一起使用。

尝试以下代码看看它是否有效：

STARTUPINFO si;
PROCESS_INFORMATION pi;
ZeroMemory(&si, sizeof(si));
si.cb = sizeof(si);
ZeroMemory(&pi, sizeof(pi));
const wchar_t *cmdPath = L"C:\Windows\System32\cmd.exe";
wchar_t *cmdArgs = (wchar_t *)L"C:\Windows\System32\cmd.exe /k dir";
BOOL result = CreateProcess(cmdPath, cmdArgs, NULL, NULL, FALSE, 0, NULL, NULL, &si, &pi);
DWORD errCode = GetLastError();
if (!result)
{
std::cout << "Create Process failed: " << GetLastError() << std::endl;
}

/K运行命令，然后返回CMD提示符。这对于测试、检查变量非常有用

如果希望"运行命令然后终止"，请使用/C。

更新：使用管道与子进程(cmd.exe)通信的完整代码

HANDLE g_hChildStd_IN_Rd = NULL;
HANDLE g_hChildStd_IN_Wr = NULL;
HANDLE g_hChildStd_OUT_Rd = NULL;
HANDLE g_hChildStd_OUT_Wr = NULL;
#define BUFSIZE 1024
void ErrorExit(LPCTSTR lpszFunction)
{
LPVOID lpMsgBuf;
LPVOID lpDisplayBuf;
DWORD dw = GetLastError();
FormatMessage(
FORMAT_MESSAGE_ALLOCATE_BUFFER |
FORMAT_MESSAGE_FROM_SYSTEM |
FORMAT_MESSAGE_IGNORE_INSERTS,
NULL,
dw,
MAKELANGID(LANG_NEUTRAL, SUBLANG_DEFAULT),
(LPTSTR)&lpMsgBuf,
0, NULL);
lpDisplayBuf = (LPVOID)LocalAlloc(LMEM_ZEROINIT,
(lstrlen((LPCTSTR)lpMsgBuf) + lstrlen((LPCTSTR)lpszFunction) + 40) * sizeof(TCHAR));
StringCchPrintf((LPTSTR)lpDisplayBuf,
LocalSize(lpDisplayBuf) / sizeof(TCHAR),
TEXT("%s failed with error %d: %s"),
lpszFunction, dw, lpMsgBuf);
MessageBox(NULL, (LPCTSTR)lpDisplayBuf, TEXT("Error"), MB_OK);
LocalFree(lpMsgBuf);
LocalFree(lpDisplayBuf);
ExitProcess(1);
}
void ReadFromPipe(void)
{
DWORD dwRead, dwWritten;
CHAR chBuf[BUFSIZE];
BOOL bSuccess = FALSE;
HANDLE hParentStdOut = GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE);
for (;;)
{
DWORD bytesAvail = 0;
if (!PeekNamedPipe(g_hChildStd_OUT_Rd, NULL, 0, NULL, &bytesAvail, NULL)) {
std::cout << "Failed to call PeekNamedPipe" << std::endl;
}
if (bytesAvail) {
DWORD n;
BOOL success = ReadFile(g_hChildStd_OUT_Rd, chBuf, BUFSIZE, &n, NULL);
if (!success || n == 0) {
}
bSuccess = WriteFile(hParentStdOut, chBuf,n, &dwWritten, NULL);
}
else
{
break;
}
}
}
void WriteToPipe(void)
{
DWORD dwWritten;
BOOL bSuccess = FALSE;
CHAR buf[] = "dirn";
bSuccess = WriteFile(g_hChildStd_IN_Wr, buf, sizeof(buf)-1, &dwWritten, NULL);
}
int main()
{
STARTUPINFO si;
PROCESS_INFORMATION pi;
SECURITY_ATTRIBUTES saAttr;
printf("n->Start of parent execution.n");
// Set the bInheritHandle flag so pipe handles are inherited. 
saAttr.nLength = sizeof(SECURITY_ATTRIBUTES);
saAttr.bInheritHandle = TRUE;
saAttr.lpSecurityDescriptor = NULL;
// Create a pipe for the child process's STDOUT. 
if (!CreatePipe(&g_hChildStd_OUT_Rd, &g_hChildStd_OUT_Wr, &saAttr, 0))
ErrorExit(TEXT("StdoutRd CreatePipe"));
// Ensure the read handle to the pipe for STDOUT is not inherited.
if (!SetHandleInformation(g_hChildStd_OUT_Rd, HANDLE_FLAG_INHERIT, 0))
ErrorExit(TEXT("Stdout SetHandleInformation"));
// Create a pipe for the child process's STDIN. 
if (!CreatePipe(&g_hChildStd_IN_Rd, &g_hChildStd_IN_Wr, &saAttr, 0))
ErrorExit(TEXT("Stdin CreatePipe"));
// Ensure the write handle to the pipe for STDIN is not inherited. 
if (!SetHandleInformation(g_hChildStd_IN_Wr, HANDLE_FLAG_INHERIT, 0))
ErrorExit(TEXT("Stdin SetHandleInformation"));
ZeroMemory(&si, sizeof(si));
si.cb = sizeof(si);
ZeroMemory(&pi, sizeof(pi));

si.cb = sizeof(STARTUPINFO);
si.hStdError = g_hChildStd_OUT_Wr;
si.hStdOutput = g_hChildStd_OUT_Wr;
si.hStdInput = g_hChildStd_IN_Rd;
si.dwFlags |= STARTF_USESTDHANDLES;
TCHAR cmdPath[] = TEXT("C:\Windows\System32\cmd.exe");
BOOL result = CreateProcess(cmdPath, NULL, NULL, NULL, TRUE, 0, NULL, NULL, &si, &pi);
DWORD errCode = GetLastError();
if (!result)
{
std::cout << "Create Process failed: " << GetLastError() << std::endl;
}
for (;;)
{
ReadFromPipe();
WriteToPipe();
}
}
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