位掩码结果不一致

Bit masking result inconsistency

本文关键字:不一致 结果 掩码      更新时间:2023-10-16

我正在学习比特掩码,我对某些结果有疑问。下面是一些示例代码。

FILE * pFile;
long lSize;
char * buffer;
size_t result;
pFile = fopen ( "testFile.jpg" , "rb" );
if (pFile==NULL) {fputs ("File error",stderr); exit (1);}
// obtain file size:
fseek (pFile , 0 , SEEK_END);
lSize = ftell (pFile);
rewind (pFile);
// allocate memory to contain the whole file:
buffer = (char*) malloc (sizeof(char)*lSize);
if (buffer == NULL) {fputs ("Memory error",stderr); exit (2);}
// copy the file into the buffer:
result = fread (buffer,1,lSize,pFile);
if (result != lSize) {fputs ("Reading error",stderr); exit (3);}
/* the whole file is now loaded in the memory buffer. */
for (unsigned long long e = 0; e < lSize; e++){
unsigned short val1 = buffer[e] & 0x3;
cout << val1 << endl;
if (1 == val1){
}
if (1 == buffer[e] & 0x3){
//what does buffer[e] & 0x3 equal when I don't set it equal to an unsigned short.
}
}

因此,如果我输出val1的值,我总是得到一个介于0和3之间的值。但是,当我在不为buffer[e] & 0x3指定类型的情况下进行比较时,我并不总是得到相同的结果。我试图输出buffer[e] & 0x3,看看它等于什么,但我得到了一个错误。所以我的问题是,当buffer[e] & 0x3在第二个if语句中使用时,它可能的值是什么。谢谢

这是因为运算符优先级

7   == !=   For relational = and ≠ respectively
8   &   Bitwise AND 

所以==优先于&

(1 == buffer[e] & 0x3)

和不是一回事吗

(1 == (buffer[e] & 0x3))

但是

((1 == buffer[e]) & 0x3)

(相当于(1 == buffer[e]),因为用3掩蔽0或1没有效果)

你想要的是(1 == (buffer[e] & 0x3))

运算符优先级似乎有问题:http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/language/operator_precedence

1 == buffer[e] & 0x3

相当于

(1 == buffer[e]) & 0x3