Windows/MSVC10下的Boost.Python链接错误

Boost.Python link errors under Windows/MSVC10

本文关键字:Python 链接 错误 Boost 下的 MSVC10 Windows      更新时间:2023-10-16

我使用正确的Python配置使用b2编译了boost 1.50.0库。以下是命令b2 --debug-configuration的相关输出:

notice: [python-cfg] Configuring python...
notice: [python-cfg]   user-specified cmd-or-prefix: "C:Python33zpython"
notice: [python-cfg] Checking interpreter command "C:Python33zpython"...
notice: [python-cfg] running command 'DIR /-C /A:S "C:Python33zpython.exe" 2>&
1'
notice: [python-cfg] running command '"C:Python33zpython" -c "from sys import
*; print('version=%d.%dnplatform=%snprefix=%snexec_prefix=%snexecutable=%s'
% (version_info[0],version_info[1],platform,prefix,exec_prefix,executable))" 2>&
1'    notice: [python-cfg] Configuring python...
notice: [python-cfg]   user-specified cmd-or-prefix: "C:Python33zpython"
notice: [python-cfg] Checking interpreter command "C:Python33zpython"...
notice: [python-cfg] running command 'DIR /-C /A:S "C:Python33zpython.exe" 2>&
1'
notice: [python-cfg] running command '"C:Python33zpython" -c "from sys import
*; print('version=%d.%dnplatform=%snprefix=%snexec_prefix=%snexecutable=%s'
% (version_info[0],version_info[1],platform,prefix,exec_prefix,executable))" 2>&
1'
notice: [python-cfg] ...requested configuration matched!
notice: [python-cfg] Details of this Python configuration:
notice: [python-cfg]   interpreter command: "C:Python33zpython"
notice: [python-cfg]   include path: "C:Python33zInclude"
notice: [python-cfg]   library path: "C:Python33zlibs"
notice: [python-cfg]   DLL search path: "C:Python33z"
notice: [msvc-cfg] msvc-10.0 detected, command: 'C:Program Files (x86)Microsof
t Visual Studio 10.0VCbincl.exe'
notice: will use 'C:Program Files (x86)Microsoft Visual Studio 10.0VCbincl.
exe' for msvc, condition <toolset>msvc-10.0
...updating 4 targets...
msvc.archive bin.v2libspythonbuildmsvc-10.0debuglink-staticthreading-mult
ilibboost_python3-vc100-mt-gd-1_50.lib
common.copy stageliblibboost_python3-vc100-mt-gd-1_50.lib
bin.v2libspythonbuildmsvc-10.0debuglink-staticthreading-multilibboost_py
thon3-vc100-mt-gd-1_50.lib
        1 file(s) copied.
msvc.archive bin.v2libspythonbuildmsvc-10.0releaselink-staticthreading-mu
ltilibboost_python3-vc100-mt-1_50.lib
common.copy stageliblibboost_python3-vc100-mt-1_50.lib
bin.v2libspythonbuildmsvc-10.0releaselink-staticthreading-multilibboost_
python3-vc100-mt-1_50.lib
        1 file(s) copied.
...updated 4 targets...

The Boost C++ Libraries were successfully built!

我已经正确设置了链接器目录,并链接到适当的输出文件(发布时为libboost_ python3-vc100-mt-1_50.lib,调试时为libboost_python3-vc100-mt-gd-1_50.lib)。我使用的是自编译的python发行版,但我也尝试过标准版本,结果没有什么不同。

当我编译时,我得到的链接错误是:

error LNK2019: unresolved external symbol "__declspec(dllimport) protected: __thiscall boost::python::detail::str_base::str_base(char const *)" (__imp_??0str_base@detail@python@boost@@IAE@PBD@Z) referenced in function "public: __thiscall boost::python::str::str(char const *)" (??0str@python@boost@@QAE@PBD@Z)
error LNK2019: unresolved external symbol "__declspec(dllimport) public: __thiscall boost::python::detail::str_base::~str_base(void)" (__imp_??1str_base@detail@python@boost@@QAE@XZ) referenced in function "public: __thiscall boost::python::str::~str(void)" (??1str@python@boost@@QAE@XZ)
error LNK2019: unresolved external symbol "__declspec(dllimport) class boost::python::api::object __cdecl boost::python::import(class boost::python::str)" (__imp_?import@python@boost@@YA?AVobject@api@12@Vstr@12@@Z) referenced in function _main
fatal error LNK1120: 3 unresolved externals

产生这些错误的测试代码可以归结为:

using namespace boost::python;
object main_module = import("__main__");

我使用了具有相同构建配置的Boost.Filesystem,它没有给我带来任何问题。

我希望有人能帮我解决这个问题,这真的让我困惑!

更新我刚刚读到一些关于定义BOOST_PYTHON_STATIC_LIB的模糊文本;我不确定我是否朝着正确的方向前进(因为afaik在构建过程中没有提到它),但不管怎样,它都给了我一个更令人困惑的错误:

LINK : fatal error LNK1104: cannot open file 'python27.lib'

我不知道当python cfg输出清楚地显示它找到了我的python33 dist(我的应用程序已经与之链接;python33.lib)时,它为什么要尝试与该lib链接。

第一个问题:事实证明,定义BOOST_PYTHON_STATIC_LIB确实是修复未解决的外部链接错误的正确方法。当与静态库链接时,它似乎是一个必要的定义;这似乎很明显,但这里提到的是而不是:http://www.boost.org/doc/libs/1_50_0/libs/python/doc/building.html.

第二个问题:添加该定义后,下一个链接错误发生了,因为我在使用正确的Python配置重新构建之前没有运行b2 clean(即,在清理之前没有重新编译任何内容!),这应该从缺乏编译器相关的输出中显而易见,但它确实欺骗了我,所以这只是另一件需要注意的小事。