Boost spirit报告语义错误

我将使用filepos_iterator并抛出一个异常，因此您可以完全控制报告。

让我看看在剩下的15分钟里我能想出什么

好，花了一些时间，但我认为这是一个有指导意义的演示:

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#include <boost/fusion/adapted.hpp>
#include <boost/fusion/include/io.hpp>
#include <boost/spirit/include/qi.hpp>
#include <boost/spirit/include/phoenix.hpp>
#include <boost/spirit/include/support_line_pos_iterator.hpp>
#include <boost/spirit/repository/include/qi_iter_pos.hpp>
#include <boost/lexical_cast.hpp>
namespace qi = boost::spirit::qi;
namespace qr = boost::spirit::repository::qi;
namespace px = boost::phoenix;
namespace qi_coding = boost::spirit::ascii;
using It = boost::spirit::line_pos_iterator<std::string::const_iterator>;
namespace ast {
    enum actionid { f_unary, f_binary };
    enum param_type { int_param, string_param };
    static inline std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& os, actionid id) {
        switch(id) {
            case f_unary:      return os << "f_unary";
            case f_binary:     return os << "f_binary";
            default:           return os << "(unknown)";
        } }
    static inline std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& os, param_type t) {
        switch(t) {
            case int_param:    return os << "integer";
            case string_param: return os << "string";
            default:           return os << "(unknown)";
        } }

    using param_value = boost::variant<int, std::string>;
    struct parameter {
        It position;
        param_value value;
        friend std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& os, parameter const& p) { return os << p.value; }
    };
    using parameters = std::vector<parameter>;
    struct action {
        /*
         *action() = default;
         *template <typename Sequence> action(Sequence const& seq) { boost::fusion::copy(seq, *this); }
         */
        actionid id;
        parameters params;
    };
}
namespace std {
    static inline std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& os, ast::parameters const& v) {
        std::copy(v.begin(), v.end(), std::ostream_iterator<ast::parameter>(os, " "));
        return os;
    }
}
BOOST_FUSION_ADAPT_STRUCT(ast::action, id, params)
BOOST_FUSION_ADAPT_STRUCT(ast::parameter, position, value)
struct BadAction : std::exception {
    It          _where;
    std::string _what;
    BadAction(It it, std::string msg) : _where(it), _what(std::move(msg)) {}
    It where() const { return _where; }
    char const* what() const noexcept { return _what.c_str(); }
};
struct ValidateAction {
    std::map<ast::actionid, std::vector<ast::param_type> > const specs {
        { ast::f_unary,  { ast::int_param } },
        { ast::f_binary, { ast::int_param, ast::string_param } },
    };
    ast::action operator()(It source, ast::action parsed) const {
        auto check = [](ast::parameter const& p, ast::param_type expected_type) {
            if (p.value.which() != expected_type) {
                auto name = boost::lexical_cast<std::string>(expected_type);
                throw BadAction(p.position, "Type mismatch (expecting " + name + ")");
            }
        };
        int i;
        try {
            auto& formals = specs.at(parsed.id);
            auto& actuals = parsed.params;
            auto  arity   = formals.size();
            for (i=0; i<arity; ++i)
                check(actuals.at(i), formals.at(i));
            if (actuals.size() > arity) 
                throw BadAction(actuals.at(arity).position, "Excess parameters");
        } catch(std::out_of_range const&) { 
            throw BadAction(source, "Missing parameter #" + std::to_string(i+1)); 
        }
        return parsed;
    }
};
template <typename It, typename Skipper = qi::space_type>
struct Parser : qi::grammar<It, ast::action(), Skipper> {
    Parser() : Parser::base_type(start) {
        using namespace qi;
        parameter  = qr::iter_pos >> (int_ | lexeme['"' >> *~qi_coding::char_('"') >> '"']);
        parameters = -(parameter % ',');
        action     = actions_ >> '(' >> parameters >> ')';
        start      = (qr::iter_pos >> action) [ _val = validate_(_1, _2) ];
        BOOST_SPIRIT_DEBUG_NODES((parameter)(parameters)(action))
    }
  private:
    qi::rule<It, ast::action(),     Skipper> start, action;
    qi::rule<It, ast::parameters(), Skipper> parameters;
    qi::rule<It, ast::parameter(),  Skipper> parameter;
    px::function<ValidateAction> validate_;
    struct Actions : qi::symbols<char, ast::actionid> {
        Actions() { this->add("f_unary", ast::f_unary)("f_binary", ast::f_binary); }
    } actions_;
};
int main() {
    for (std::string const input : {
            // good
            "f_unary( 0 )",
            "f_binary ( 47, "hello")",
            // errors
            "f_binary ( 47, "hello") bogus",
            "f_unary ( 47, "hello") ",
            "f_binary ( 47, rn      7) ",
        })
    {
        std::cout << "-----------------------n";
        Parser<It> p;
        It f(input.begin()), l(input.end());
        auto printErrorContext = [f,l](std::ostream& os, It where) {
            auto line = get_current_line(f, where, l);
            os << " line:" << get_line(where) 
               << ", col:" << get_column(line.begin(), where) << "n";
            while (!line.empty() && std::strchr("rn", *line.begin()))
                line.advance_begin(1);
            std::cerr << line << "n";
            std::cerr << std::string(std::distance(line.begin(), where), ' ') << "^ --- heren";
        };
        ast::action data;
        try {
            if (qi::phrase_parse(f, l, p > qi::eoi, qi::space, data)) {
                std::cout << "Parsed: " << boost::fusion::as_vector(data) << "n";
            }
        } catch(qi::expectation_failure<It> const& e) {
            printErrorContext(std::cerr << "Expectation failed: " << e.what_, e.first);
        } catch(BadAction const& ba) {
            printErrorContext(std::cerr << "BadAction: " << ba.what(), ba.where());
        }
        if (f!=l) {
            std::cout << "Remaining unparsed: '" << std::string(f,l) << "'n";
        }
    }
}

-----------------------
Parsed: (f_unary 0 )
-----------------------
Parsed: (f_binary 47 hello )
-----------------------
Expectation failed: <eoi> line:1, col:25
f_binary ( 47, "hello") bogus
                        ^ --- here
Remaining unparsed: 'f_binary ( 47, "hello") bogus'
-----------------------
BadAction: Excess parameters line:1, col:15
f_unary ( 47, "hello") 
              ^ --- here
Remaining unparsed: 'f_unary ( 47, "hello") '
-----------------------
BadAction: Type mismatch (expecting string) line:2, col:8
      7) 
      ^ --- here
Remaining unparsed: 'f_binary ( 47, 
      7) '