if语句-if/else和参数放置C++

if statement - if/else and parameter placement C++

本文关键字:参数 C++ else 语句 -if if      更新时间:2023-10-16

我最近开始学习C++,并试图理解语法,但我遇到了放置问题。我必须做一个信用卡验证功能,要求提供一张有效的信用卡,然后我必须打印出信用卡的类型。

我唯一的问题是确定信用卡类型的if语句。我不知道把它们放在哪里,也不知道我是否遗漏了括号之类的东西。

对我来说有问题的确切部分是:

        if(c.substr(0, 2) == "65" || c.substr(0, 5) == "6011" || c.substr(0, 7) >= "622126" && c.substr(0, 7) <= "622925" || c.substr(0, 4) >= "644" && c.substr(0, 4) <= "649")
            s = "You have a Discover card";
        if(c.substr(0, 2) >= "51" && c.substr(0, 2) <= "55")
            s = "You have a MasterCard card";
        if(c.substr(0, 1) == "4")
            s = "You have a Visa card";
        if(c.substr(0, 2) == "34" || c.substr(0, 2) == "37")
            s = "You have an American Express card"; 

这是我的密码。

#include <iostream>
#include <string>
using namespace std;
void validateCC();
string checkCC(string, int, bool&);
bool validateCCNum(string);
void main() {
    char again;
    cout << "Validate a credit card number (Y/N)? ";
    cin >> again;
    while (toupper(again) == 'Y') {
        validateCC();
        cout << "Validate a credit card number (Y/N)? ";
        cin >> again;
    }
}
void validateCC() {
    string ccn, msg;
    bool OK;
    int ccLen;
    cout << "Please enter a 15 or 16 digit credit card number."
        << "n(No spaces or hyphens): ";
    cin >> ccn;
    ccLen = ccn.length();
    msg = checkCC(ccn, ccLen, OK);
    if(!OK)
        cout << msg;
    else
        if(validateCCNum(ccn))
            cout << "Valid credit card numbern";
        else
            cout << "Invalid credit card numbern";
    cout << "n" << endl;
}
string checkCC(string c, int cLen, bool& ccOK) {
    string s = "";
    ccOK = true;
    for(int i=0;i<cLen && ccOK;++i)
        ccOK = isdigit(c[i]);
        if(c.substr(0, 2) == "65" || c.substr(0, 5) == "6011" || c.substr(0, 7) >= "622126" && c.substr(0, 7) <= "622925" || c.substr(0, 4) >= "644" && c.substr(0, 4) <= "649")
            s = "You have a Discover card";
        if(c.substr(0, 2) >= "51" && c.substr(0, 2) <= "55")
            s = "You have a MasterCard card";
        if(c.substr(0, 1) == "4")
            s = "You have a Visa card";
        if(c.substr(0, 2) == "34" || c.substr(0, 2) == "37")
            s = "You have an American Express card"; 
    if(ccOK == false) {
        s = "Invalid credit card number digits";
    } else if(cLen == 15) {
        if(c.substr(0, 2) != "34" && c.substr(0, 2) != "37") {
            ccOK = false;
            s = "Invalid American Express credit card number";
        }
    } else if(cLen != 16) {
        ccOK = false;
        s = "Invalid credit card number length";
    }
    return s;
}
bool validateCCNum(string cc) {
    bool flip = true;
    int tmp, num = 0;
    int ccLen = cc.length()-1;
    for(int ndx=ccLen;ndx>=0;ndx--) {
            if(flip)
                num += cc[ndx] - '0';
            else {
                tmp = (cc[ndx] - '0') * 2;
                if(tmp <= 9)
                    num += tmp;
                else
                    num += (1 + (tmp - 10)); // max of 18
            }
            flip = !flip;
    }
    return num % 10 == 0;
}

我不知道有问题的区块是否属于它当前所在的位置,或者我是否将它放在validateCC((部分,然后为它添加一个参数

谢谢。

尝试将子字符串更改为int(stringVar>>IntVar;(,以便计算<=>=等等。

    #include <iostream>
#include <string>
using namespace std;
void validateCC();
string checkCC(string, int, bool&);
bool validateCCNum(string);
void main() {
    char again;
    cout << "Validate a credit card number (Y/N)? ";
    cin >> again;
    while (toupper(again) == 'Y') {
        validateCC();
        cout << "Validate a credit card number (Y/N)? ";
        cin >> again;
    }
}
string checkCardType(string c){
if(atoi(c.substr(0, 2).c_str()) == 65 || atoi(c.substr(0, 5).c_str()) == 6011 || atoi(c.substr(0, 7).c_str()) >= 622126 && atoi(c.substr(0, 7).c_str()) <= 622925 || atoi(c.substr(0, 4).c_str()) >= 644 && atoi(c.substr(0, 4).c_str()) <= 649)
            return "You have a Discover card";
        if(atoi(c.substr(0, 2).c_str()) >= 51 && atoi(c.substr(0, 2).c_str()) <= 55)
            return "You have a MasterCard card";
        if(atoi(c.substr(0, 1).c_str()) == 4)
            return "You have a Visa card";
        if(atoi(c.substr(0, 2).c_str()) == 34 || atoi(c.substr(0, 2).c_str()) == 37)
            return "You have an American Express card"; 
        return "Card not recognized";
}
void validateCC() {
    string ccn, msg;
    bool OK;
    int ccLen;
    cout << "Please enter a 15 or 16 digit credit card number."
        << "n(No spaces or hyphens): ";
    cin >> ccn;
    ccLen = ccn.length();
    msg = checkCC(ccn, ccLen, OK);
    if(!OK)
        cout << msg;
    else
        if(validateCCNum(ccn)){
            cout << "Valid credit card numbern";
            cout << checkCardType(ccn);}
        else
            cout << "Invalid credit card numbern";
    cout << "n" << endl;
}
string checkCC(string c, int cLen, bool& ccOK) {
    string s = "";
    ccOK = true;
    for(int i=0;i<cLen && ccOK;++i)
        ccOK = isdigit(c[i]);
    if(ccOK == false) {
        s = "Invalid credit card number digits";
    } else if(cLen == 15) {
        if(c.substr(0, 2) != "34" && c.substr(0, 2) != "37") {
            ccOK = false;
            s = "Invalid American Express credit card number";
        }
    } else if(cLen != 16) {
        ccOK = false;
        s = "Invalid credit card number length";
    }
    return s;
}
bool validateCCNum(string cc) {
    bool flip = true;
    int tmp, num = 0;
    int ccLen = cc.length()-1;
    for(int ndx=ccLen;ndx>=0;ndx--) {
            if(flip)
                num += cc[ndx] - '0';
            else {
                tmp = (cc[ndx] - '0') * 2;
                if(tmp <= 9)
                    num += tmp;
                else
                    num += (1 + (tmp - 10)); // max of 18
            }
            flip = !flip;
    }
    return num % 10 == 0;
}

我真的不确定这是否有效:

c.substr(0,2(=="34">

为什么不将字符串解析为整数(atoi(,然后将其与"=="进行比较呢。字符串也与"string".compare("string2"(进行比较(如果是相同的字符串,则返回0(。

虽然不是最有效的方法,但我在您的代码中看到的问题是您占用了太多某些情况下的字符:c.substr(0, 5) == "6011"可以仅当CCD_ 2。

值得一提的是,我将前缀声明为static std::string const,并在它们上使用std::equal(在第一个已经检查了该数字是否足够长(。或者,我会在第一个字符上使用开关:

switch (c[0])
{
case '6':
    //  Additional tests for Discover...
    break;
case '5':
    //  Additional tests for MasterCard...
    break;
case '4':
    //  Additional tests for Visa...
    break;
case '3':
    //  Additional tests for American express..
    break;
}

或者更可能的是,我会使用正则表达式从配置文件读取的模式;这是而不是类型要硬编码到程序中的信息。

std::string::substr方法返回一个字符串,该字符串可以与另一个字符串进行比较。到目前为止,您的代码看起来不错。

关于使用括号,请查看C++运算符优先级。根据我对代码的理解,if条件中不需要括号。但如果你有疑问,请使用括号明确你的意图。

您不需要传递信用卡号的长度,因为checkCC可以自己确定。还将信用卡号作为传递

string checkCC(const string &c, ...)

因为这样可以避免字符串的副本。