使用模板类型参数列表中的TYPE

use the TYPE from the tempate type argument list

本文关键字:TYPE 类型参数列表      更新时间:2023-10-16

我想使用类模板参数列表中的类型信息。

快速解决方法的工作示例:

struct NoParam {};
template< typename A = NoParam,
          typename B = NoParam,
          typename C = NoParam,
          typename D = NoParam,
          typename E = NoParam,
          typename F = NoParam >
struct TypeList
{
  typedef A T1;
  typedef B T2;
  typedef C T3;
  typedef D T4;
  typedef E T5;
  typedef F T6;
};
template<typename... Types>
class Application
{
   Application()
   {
      // the actual code will store the created instances in a tuple or map..
      std::make_unique< TypeList<Types...>::T1 > ();
      std::make_unique< TypeList<Types...>::T2 > ();
      std::make_unique< TypeList<Types...>::T3 > ();
      std::make_unique< TypeList<Types...>::T4 > ();
      std::make_unique< TypeList<Types...>::T5 > ();
      std::make_unique< TypeList<Types...>::T6 > ();
   }
}

有没有一般的方法…

  • 遍历类型并获取类型信息(用于创建实例)
  • 没有硬编码,只有6种类型在示例

不要重新发明轮子,您可以使用std::tuplestd::tuple_element_t:

template<typename... T>
using TypeList = std::tuple<T...>;
template<int I, typename T>
using Type = std::tuple_element_t<I, T>;
template<typename... Types>
class Application {
    Application() {
        std::make_unique<Type<0, TypeList<Types...>>> ();
        std::make_unique<Type<1, TypeList<Types...>>> ();
        // and so on...
    }
}

遍历类型现在非常简单。
下面是一个简单的工作示例,向您展示如何做到这一点:

#include <tuple>
#include <functional>
#include <memory>
template<typename... T>
using TypeList = std::tuple<T...>;
template<int I, typename T>
using Type = std::tuple_element_t<I, T>;
template<typename... Types>
class Application {
    using MyTypeList = TypeList<Types...>;
    template<std::size_t... I>
    void iterate(std::index_sequence<I...>) {
        // demonstration purposes, here I'm simply creating an object of the i-th type
        int _[] = { 0, (Type<I, MyTypeList>{}, 0)... };
        (void)_;
    }
public:
    void iterate() {
        iterate(std::make_index_sequence<sizeof...(Types)>{});
    }
    Application() {
        std::make_unique<Type<0, MyTypeList>> ();
        std::make_unique<Type<1, MyTypeList>> ();
        // and so on...  
    }
};
int main() {  
    Application<int, float> app;
    app.iterate();
}

注意std::index_sequencestd::make_index_sequence从c++ 14开始可用。无论如何,如果你被限制在c++ 11中,你可以在网上找到一些可以使用的实现。
否则,您还可以使用一对递归_sfinae' d_函数来遍历这些类型,这些函数检查是否达到了sizeof...(Types)

您可以使用

这样的内容来避免struct typeList对可变类型进行索引
struct noTypeInList
 { };
template <std::size_t, typename ...>
struct typeSel;
template <typename T0, typename ... Ts>
struct typeSel<0U, T0, Ts...>
 { using type = T0; };
template <std::size_t N, typename T0, typename ... Ts>
struct typeSel<N, T0, Ts...>
 { using type = typename typeSel<N-1U, Ts...>::type; };
template <std::size_t N>
struct typeSel<N>
 { using type = noTypeInList; };

std::make_unique< TypeList<Types...>::T1 > ();
成为

std::make_unique< typeSel<0, Types...>::type > ();

下面是一个完整的c++ 11示例,以防您想要std::tuplestd:unique_ptr

#include <tuple>
#include <memory>
struct noTypeInList
 { };
template <std::size_t, typename ...>
struct typeSel;
template <typename T0, typename ... Ts>
struct typeSel<0U, T0, Ts...>
 { using type = T0; };
template <std::size_t N, typename T0, typename ... Ts>
struct typeSel<N, T0, Ts...>
 { using type = typename typeSel<N-1U, Ts...>::type; };
template <std::size_t N>
struct typeSel<N>
 { using type = noTypeInList; };
template <std::size_t ...>
struct range
 { };
template <std::size_t N, std::size_t ... Next>
struct rangeH 
 { using type = typename rangeH<N-1U, N-1U, Next ... >::type; };
template <std::size_t ... Next >
struct rangeH<0U, Next ... >
 { using type = range<Next ... >; };
template<typename... Types>
class Application
 {
   private:
      std::tuple<std::unique_ptr<Types>...> tpl;
      template <std::size_t ... rng>
      Application (const range<rng...> &)
         : tpl{std::make_tuple(std::unique_ptr<
                  typename typeSel<rng, Types...>::type>()...)}
          { }
   public:
      Application () : Application(typename rangeH<sizeof...(Types)>::type())
       { }
 };
int main()
 {
   Application<int, float, int, std::tuple<double, long>>  a;
 }

这只是typeSel的一个例子,因为Application可以简单地写成

template<typename... Types>
class Application
 {
   private:
      std::tuple<std::unique_ptr<Types>...> tpl;
   public:
      Application () : tpl{std::make_tuple(std::unique_ptr<Types>()...)}
       { }
 };

如果你可以使用c++ 14编译器,你可以使用std::index_sequencestd::make_index_sequence(并删除rangerangeH), Application可以变成

template<typename... Types>
class Application
 {
   private:
      std::tuple<std::unique_ptr<Types>...> tpl;
      template <std::size_t ... rng>
      Application (const std::index_sequence<rng...> &)
         : tpl{std::make_tuple(std::unique_ptr<
                  typename typeSel<rng, Types...>::type>()...)}
          { }
   public:
      Application () : Application(std::make_index_sequence<sizeof...(Types)>())
       { }
 };

最简单、最干净的方法是使用递归模板类:

template<class...> class Application;
template<class T> class Application<T>{
  public:
   Application()
   {
      std::make_unique<T> ();
   }
};
template<class T,class...Others> class Application<T,Others...>
                        :  public Application<Others...>{
  public:
   Application():Application<Others...>()
   {
      std::make_unique<T> ();
   }
};
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