"static_cast" C++中的指针和对象

"static_cast" with pointers and objects in C++

本文关键字:指针 对象 C++ static cast      更新时间:2024-09-24

我刚刚学习了继承并开始使用强制转换。当我试图了解这个话题时,我发现自己面临着这个我无法解释的问题。这是代码:

#include <iostream>
#include <string>
using namespace std;
__interface AbstractClass {
void Eat()const;
void Sleep()const;
void Work()const;
string Info();
};
class Employee : public AbstractClass {
private:
string lastName;
int age, salary;
static int EmpCounter;
protected:
string name;
public:
Employee(string n = "Avto", string ln = "Chachandize", int a = 18, int s = 3000)
: name(n), lastName(ln), age(a), salary(s) {
EmpCounter++;
}
virtual ~Employee() {
EmpCounter--;
}
static int getEmpCounter() {
return EmpCounter;
}
void Eat()const override {
cout << name << " Is eating" << endl;
}
void Sleep()const override {
cout << name << " Is sleeping" << endl;
}
void Work()const override {
cout << name << " Is doing his/her stuff" << endl;
}
string Info() override {
string a = to_string(age);
string s = to_string(salary);
return name + ' ' + lastName + ' ' + a + ' ' + s + ' ';
}   
};
int Employee::EmpCounter = 0;
class Developer : public Employee {
string language;
public:
Developer(string n = "Avto", string ln = "Chachandize", int a = 18, int s = 3000, string l = "C++") :
Employee(n, ln, a, s), language(l) {}
~Developer()override = default;
void Work()const override {
cout << name << " Is writing code in " << language << endl;
}
string Info() override {
Employee* emp = static_cast<Employee*>(this);
//Employee emp = static_cast<Employee>(*this);
return emp->Info() + ' ' + language;
}
};
int main() {
Developer dev;
cout << dev.Info() << endl;
}

我试图将Developer升级为Employee,然后获取他的信息。然而,带指针的静态强制转换会给我带来错误。

奇怪的是,被评论的第二个没有。我不知道是什么原因。我也试过参考,也有错误。使用动态强制转换时也发生了同样的情况。

string Info() override {
Employee* emp = static_cast<Employee*>(this);
//Employee emp = static_cast<Employee>(*this);
return emp->Info() + ' ' + language;
}

所以我的问题是,这是不是一个错误?

正如建议的那样,当您希望从对象到子类的指针获得对象到基类的指针时,不需要使用强制转换。但你似乎想把";信息";基类("Employee"(的方法;信息";子类的方法("Developer"(。可以通过以下方式完成:

Employee::Info();

例如:

string Info() override {
return Employee::Info() + ' ' + language;
}