您好,我实际上想了解以下代码.有人可以详细说明代码它到底在做什么吗?为什么它会在第 31 行崩溃

Hello, I actually want to understand the following code. Can someone please elaborate the code what exactly it is doing. why is it crashing at line 31

本文关键字:代码 什么 为什么 崩溃 说明 了解 实际上 您好      更新时间:2023-10-16

我无法理解为什么它会因段错误而崩溃。我假设它返回了一个无效的指针 @operatingtrialClass(nullptr(->sum((; 有人可以解释为什么吗?

#include <iostream>
class trialClass{
public:
trialClass () = default;
~trialClass ();
virtual int sum () = 0;
virtual int mul () = 0;
};
class secondtrial{
public:
static trialClass * operatingtrialClass (trialClass * l_trialClass)
{
trialClass * m_trialClass;
if (l_trialClass != nullptr)
m_trialClass = l_trialClass;
return m_trialClass;
}
static int sum ()
{
int a = 2;
int b = 3;
int sum = a + b;
/*Crash point*/
return operatingtrialClass(nullptr)->sum();
}
};
int main()
{
//trialClass * p_trialClass;enter code here
secondtrial * sec = new secondtrial;
//secondtrial::operatingtrialClass(reinterpret_cast<trialClass*>(sec));
std::cout<<sec->sum()<<std::endl;
}

in

static trialClass * operatingtrialClass (trialClass * l_trialClass)
{
trialClass * m_trialClass;
if (l_trialClass != nullptr)
m_trialClass = l_trialClass;
return m_trialClass;
}

trialClass * m_trialClass;m_trialClass无处用或安全。如果l_trialClassnullptr,它是,m_trialClass返回时从未指向安全的东西,使operatingtrialClass(nullptr)->sum();

static int sum ()
{
int a = 2;
int b = 3;
int sum = a + b;
/*Crash point*/
return operatingtrialClass(nullptr)->sum();
}

在未定义行为 (UB( 的狂野和古怪世界中的冒险,因为我们不知道返回的指针指向哪里。在UB土地上任何事情都可能发生,在这种情况下,任何事情都是崩溃。它可以很容易地不崩溃并产生一个结果,欺骗你认为程序是正确的。讨厌的东西,呃。

如何最好地解决这个问题完全取决于您希望程序做什么。你可以

static trialClass * operatingtrialClass (trialClass * l_trialClass)
{
static trialClass defaultTC; // a generic and safe trialClass 
static trialClass * m_trialClass = &defaultTC; // point at the safe trialClass
// note the use of static to allow m_trialClass 
// to persist across multiple calls.
// it's pretty much useless if it gets 
// recreated every time.    
if (l_trialClass != nullptr)
m_trialClass = l_trialClass;
return m_trialClass;
}

以便您始终拥有安全的 trialClass,但对于您未指定的用例,这可能不是正确的选择。

旁注:secondtrial不包含任何状态。没有状态,您可以节省一些工作并namespace.