如何用尽可能少的数据将数据缓冲区计算为零校验和值

How to calculate data buffer to zero checksum value with as little data as it's possible

本文关键字:数据 计算 校验和 缓冲区 何用 尽可能      更新时间:2023-10-16

给定C++中的校验和计算函数

int calcCrcPartial(unsigned short* lpdwBlockData, unsigned short dwBlockSizeInBytes, int iInitialCrc)
{
unsigned short dwBlocksSizeInWords;
int bIsSigned;
signed int j;
signed int i;
unsigned short dwDataItem;
bool bIsNegative;
// number of WORD blocks
dwBlocksSizeInWords = dwBlockSizeInBytes >> 1;
for (i = 0; ; ++i)
{
if (dwBlocksSizeInWords <= i)
{
break;
}
dwDataItem = lpdwBlockData[i];
if (dwDataItem != 0)
{
bInvalidCrc = false;
}
for (j = 0; j <= 15; ++j)
{
bIsSigned = (dwDataItem & 0x8000u) != 0;
dwDataItem <<= 1;
bIsNegative = iInitialCrc < 0;
iInitialCrc <<= 1;
iInitialCrc += bIsSigned;
if (bIsNegative)
{
iInitialCrc ^= 0x400007u;
}
}
}
return iInitialCrc;
}

任务:

如何编写一个函数来生成一个有效的数据块lpdwBlockData(512字节(,该数据块将使函数calcCrcPartial((在给定iInitialrc的情况下为任何返回0(根据以前对此函数的调用计算(?

CRC不存储在块中。

生成的数据块(512字节(可以包含任何数据。

我试着用随机数据填充缓冲区,希望它能在CRC计算后达到0校验和值,但我想这不是办法。。。

如何反转此算法并生成有效数据,使生成的缓冲区数据上的calcCrcPartial((返回值为0?

这不是一个正常的CRC。初始CRC被向左循环16次,然后第一个短路被XOR’ed到CRC的较低的16位,然后其被再次循环16次;并且下一个短路被异或’ed到该CRC的较高的16位。如果数据只有2个短路,这与将初始CRC循环32次相同,然后将2个短路与循环的CRC异或。要获得CRC==0,只需将2条短路设置为循环32次的初始CRC。下面的代码示例。

如何用尽可能少的数据将数据缓冲区的校验和值计算为零

只需要2条短裤就可以了。设置2个短路=0,计算CRC,然后将2个短路设置为计算的CRC。这将导致任何初始CRC的CRC为0。

我切换到了校验和函数的表驱动版本,但下面的代码还包括问题示例CRC函数的"清理"版本。

该代码比较问题代码、备用版本和表驱动版本的CRC输出:

#include <iostream>
#include <iomanip>
typedef unsigned short uint16_t;
typedef unsigned int   uint32_t;
uint32_t crctbl[65536];
void gentbl()
{
uint32_t crc;
int i, j;
for(j = 0; j < 0x10000; j++){
crc = j<<16;
for(i = 0; i < 16; i++)
// assumes twos complement
crc = (crc<<1)^((0-(crc>>31))&0x400007u);
crctbl[j] = crc;
}
}
int calcCrcPartial(unsigned short* lpdwBlockData, unsigned short dwBlockSizeInBytes, int iInitialCrc)
{
unsigned short dwBlocksSizeInWords;
int bIsSigned;
signed int j;
signed int i;
unsigned short dwDataItem;
bool bIsNegative;
// number of WORD blocks
dwBlocksSizeInWords = dwBlockSizeInBytes >> 1;
for (i = 0; ; ++i)
{
if (dwBlocksSizeInWords <= i)
{
break;
}
dwDataItem = lpdwBlockData[i];
//      bInvalidCrc not delcared and not used
//      if (dwDataItem != 0)
//      {
//          bInvalidCrc = false;
//      }
for (j = 0; j <= 15; ++j)
{
bIsSigned = (dwDataItem & 0x8000u) != 0;
dwDataItem <<= 1;
bIsNegative = iInitialCrc < 0;
iInitialCrc <<= 1;
iInitialCrc += bIsSigned;
if (bIsNegative)
{
iInitialCrc ^= 0x400007u;
}
}
}
return iInitialCrc;
}
// alternate version of calcCrcPartial
uint32_t calcCrcPartiala(uint16_t* lpwBlockData, uint16_t wBlockSizeInBytes, uint32_t iInitialCrc)
{
int sz = wBlockSizeInBytes >> 1;
int i;
while(sz--){
for(i = 0; i < 16; i++)
// assumes twos complement
iInitialCrc = (iInitialCrc<<1)^((0-(iInitialCrc>>31))&0x400007u);
iInitialCrc ^= *lpwBlockData++;
}
return iInitialCrc;
}
// table version of calcCrcPartial
uint32_t calcCrcPartialt(uint16_t* lpwBlockData, uint16_t wBlockSizeInBytes, uint32_t iInitialCrc)
{
int sz = wBlockSizeInBytes >> 1;
while(sz--)
iInitialCrc = (iInitialCrc<<16)^crctbl[iInitialCrc>>16]^*lpwBlockData++;
return iInitialCrc;
}
int main()
{
uint16_t data[] = {0x0000, 0x0000};
uint32_t iCrc, oCrc, oCra, oCrt;
gentbl();
iCrc = 0x00000000u;
do{
oCrc = calcCrcPartial (data, sizeof(data), iCrc);
oCra = calcCrcPartiala(data, sizeof(data), iCrc);
oCrt = calcCrcPartiala(data, sizeof(data), iCrc);
if(oCrc != oCra || oCrc != oCrt){
std::cout << "mismatch" << std::endl;
break;}
if ((iCrc & 0x0ffffffu) == 0)
std::cout << std::hex << iCrc << std::endl;
}while(++iCrc != 0x10000000u);
return 0;
}

此代码测试所有40亿个可能的初始CRC。

#include <iostream>
#include <iomanip>
typedef unsigned short uint16_t;
typedef unsigned int   uint32_t;
uint32_t crctbl[65536];
void gentbl()
{
uint32_t crc;
int i, j;
for(j = 0; j < 0x10000; j++){
crc = j<<16;
for(i = 0; i < 16; i++)
// assumes twos complement
crc = (crc<<1)^((0-(crc>>31))&0x400007u);
crctbl[j] = crc;
}
}
uint32_t calcCrcPartial(uint16_t* lpwBlockData, uint16_t wBlockSizeInBytes, uint32_t iInitialCrc)
{
int sz = wBlockSizeInBytes >> 1;
while(sz--)
iInitialCrc = (iInitialCrc<<16)^crctbl[iInitialCrc>>16]^*lpwBlockData++;
return iInitialCrc;
}
// alternate version of questions code
uint32_t calcCrcPartialx(uint16_t* lpwBlockData, uint16_t wBlockSizeInBytes, uint32_t iInitialCrc)
{
int sz = wBlockSizeInBytes >> 1;
int i;
while(sz--){
for(i = 0; i < 16; i++)
// assumes twos complement
iInitialCrc = (iInitialCrc<<1)^((0-(iInitialCrc>>31))&0x400007u);
iInitialCrc ^= *lpwBlockData++;
}
return iInitialCrc;
}
int main()
{
uint16_t data[] = {0x0000, 0x0000};
uint32_t iCrc, oCrc;
gentbl();
iCrc = 0x00000000u;
do{
// oCrc = iCrc cycled 32 times
data[0] = 0x0000;
data[1] = 0x0000;
oCrc = calcCrcPartial(data, 4, iCrc);
// store oCrc and verify new crc == 0
data[0] = (oCrc>>16);
data[1] = (oCrc>> 0);
oCrc = calcCrcPartial(data, 4, iCrc);
if (oCrc != 0) {
std::cout << "error" << std::endl;
break;
}
if ((iCrc & 0xfffffffu) == 0)
std::cout << std::hex << iCrc << std::endl;
}while(++iCrc != 0x00000000u);
return 0;
}

如何使用尽可能少的数据将数据缓冲区计算为零校验和值

如果这意味着错误比特的最小数量,那么在34个短路的缓冲器中,所有为零,并且初始CRC=0,特定位置的6个比特(基于poly和初始CRC(需要切换,以产生CRC=0:

0x8000, 0x0000, 0x0000, 0x0000, 0x0000,0x0000,0x0000,0x0000,
0x0000, 0x0000, 0x8000, 0x0000, 0x0000,0x0000,0x0000,0x0000,
0x0000, 0x0000, 0x0000, 0x0000, 0x0000,0x0000,0x0000,0x0000,
0x0000, 0x0000, 0x0000, 0x0000, 0x0000,0x0000,0x0020,0x8003,
0x0000, 0x0000

或者简单地仍然使用CRC多项式,它只有5个比特=1,只需要5个字:

0x0100, 0x4000, 0x0700, 0x0000, 0x0000

这就是这个版本的CRC如何用于512字节的数据和4字节的CRC:

#include <stdlib.h> // for rand()
// # of shorts in data, not including CRC
#define COUNT 256
int main()
{
uint16_t data[COUNT+2];
uint32_t iCrc, oCrc;
int i;
gentbl();
// fill data with psuedo random values
for(i = 0; i < COUNT; i++)
data[i] = ((rand()>>4)&0xff)|((rand()<<4)&0xff00);
iCrc = 0x00000000u;
do{
// generate crc
data[COUNT+0] = 0x0000u;
data[COUNT+1] = 0x0000u;
oCrc = calcCrcPartial(data, sizeof(data), iCrc);
// append crc to data
data[COUNT+0] = (oCrc>>16);
data[COUNT+1] = (oCrc>> 0);
// check crc
oCrc = calcCrcPartial(data, sizeof(data), iCrc);
if (oCrc != 0) {
std::cout << "error" << std::endl;
break;
}
if ((iCrc & 0xfffffu) == 0)
std::cout << std::hex << iCrc << std::endl;
}while(++iCrc != 0x01000000u);
return 0;
}