提升::精神::qi::语法和可变参数模板

boost::spirit::qi::grammar and variadic templates

本文关键字:变参 参数 精神 qi 语法 提升      更新时间:2023-10-16

我在使用可变参数模板定义语法时遇到了一个问题。

我首先定义了一些包含在一些结构(例如纬度、经度(中的简单语法,如下所示:

#include <boost/fusion/include/adapt_struct.hpp>
#include <boost/spirit/include/qi.hpp>
#include <boost/variant.hpp>
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
using namespace boost::spirit;
template <class Attribute>
using command_rule =
qi::rule<std::string::iterator, Attribute, ascii::space_type>;
template <class Attribute>
using command_grammar =
qi::grammar<std::string::iterator, Attribute, ascii::space_type>;
struct Latitude {
struct return_type {
double lat_;
};
struct grammar : command_grammar<return_type()> {
grammar() : grammar::base_type{latitude_} {
latitude_ = "LAT=" >> qi::double_;
}
private:
command_rule<return_type()> latitude_;
};
};
BOOST_FUSION_ADAPT_STRUCT(Latitude::return_type, (double, lat_))
struct Longitude {
struct return_type {
double lon_;
};
struct grammar : command_grammar<return_type()> {
grammar() : grammar::base_type{longitude_} {
longitude_ = "LON=" >> qi::double_;
}
private:
command_rule<return_type()> longitude_;
};
};
BOOST_FUSION_ADAPT_STRUCT(Longitude::return_type, (double, lon_))

然后,我想将它们组合成一个完整的语法,能够解析属于任何这些简单语法的字符串。为此,我定义了一个可变参数模板结构,该结构尝试将子语法列表扩展为类似"grammar1 |语法2 |...">

template <class... Commands>
struct device_grammar : boost::spirit::qi::grammar<
std::string::iterator,
boost::variant<typename Commands::return_type...>(),
boost::spirit::ascii::space_type> {
typedef boost::variant<typename Commands::return_type...> return_type;
device_grammar() : device_grammar::base_type{rule_}{
build_rule<typename Commands::grammar...>();
}
private:
template <class CommandGrammar> void build_rule() {
rule_ = CommandGrammar();
}
template <class FirstGrammar, class SecondGrammar, class... Others>
void build_rule() {
build_rule<SecondGrammar, Others...>();
rule_ = rule_ | FirstGrammar();
}
boost::spirit::qi::rule<std::string::iterator, return_type(),
boost::spirit::ascii::space_type>
rule_;
};
typedef device_grammar<Latitude, Longitude> CoordinatesGrammar;

代码编译(参见下面的完整示例(;问题是当它尝试解析输入字符串时,会生成分段错误。 有人可以帮我解决这个问题吗?

提前非常感谢。

示例代码(g++-4.9 或 clang++-3.9(:

#include <boost/fusion/include/adapt_struct.hpp>
#include <boost/spirit/include/qi.hpp>
#include <boost/variant.hpp>
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
template <class... Commands>
struct device_grammar : boost::spirit::qi::grammar<
std::string::iterator,
boost::variant<typename Commands::return_type...>(),
boost::spirit::ascii::space_type> {
typedef boost::variant<typename Commands::return_type...> return_type;
device_grammar() : device_grammar::base_type{rule_}{
build_rule<typename Commands::grammar...>();
}
private:
template <class CommandGrammar> void build_rule() {
rule_ = CommandGrammar();
}
template <class FirstGrammar, class SecondGrammar, class... Others>
void build_rule() {
build_rule<SecondGrammar, Others...>();
rule_ = rule_ | FirstGrammar();
}
boost::spirit::qi::rule<std::string::iterator, return_type(),
boost::spirit::ascii::space_type>
rule_;
};
using namespace boost::spirit;
template <class Attribute>
using command_rule =
qi::rule<std::string::iterator, Attribute, ascii::space_type>;
template <class Attribute>
using command_grammar =
qi::grammar<std::string::iterator, Attribute, ascii::space_type>;
struct Latitude {
struct return_type {
double lat_;
};
struct grammar : command_grammar<return_type()> {
grammar() : grammar::base_type{latitude_} {
latitude_ = "LAT=" >> qi::double_;
}
private:
command_rule<return_type()> latitude_;
};
};
BOOST_FUSION_ADAPT_STRUCT(Latitude::return_type, (double, lat_))
struct Longitude {
struct return_type {
double lon_;
};
struct grammar : command_grammar<return_type()> {
grammar() : grammar::base_type{longitude_} {
longitude_ = "LON=" >> qi::double_;
}
private:
command_rule<return_type()> longitude_;
};
};
BOOST_FUSION_ADAPT_STRUCT(Longitude::return_type, (double, lon_))
typedef device_grammar<Latitude, Longitude> CoordinatesGrammar;
struct print : public boost::static_visitor<> {
void operator()(Latitude::return_type &t) const {
std::cout << "Latitude = " << t.lat_ << " deg" << std::endl;
;
}
void operator()(Longitude::return_type &t) const {
std::cout << "Longitude = " << t.lon_ << " deg" << std::endl;
;
}
};
int main() {
std::string s;
CoordinatesGrammar g;
CoordinatesGrammar::return_type v;
while (1) {
std::getline(std::cin, s);
auto it = s.begin();
if (qi::phrase_parse(it, s.end(), g, ascii::space, v)) {
print p;
boost::apply_visitor(p, v);
}
}
return 0;
}

编辑:据我了解,问题出在线条上

rule_ = CommandGrammar();
...
rule_ = rule_ | FirstGrammar();

语法对象似乎不能是临时的,必须存储为类的成员。我该怎么做?

编辑:我也尝试将此类对象存储在std::tuple中,但似乎仍然不起作用。

您正在创建的内容与 qi 的自动解析器已经执行的操作非常相似:http://www.boost.org/doc/libs/1_64_0/libs/spirit/doc/html/spirit/qi/reference/auto.html

如果您专门针对数据类型进行create_parser<>,则可以直接使用qi::auto_

住在科里鲁

#include <boost/fusion/include/adapt_struct.hpp>
#include <boost/spirit/include/qi.hpp>
namespace Commands {
namespace qi = boost::spirit::qi;
template <class T> using Rule = qi::rule<std::string::const_iterator, T()>;
template <typename... T>
auto parse(std::string const& s) {
boost::variant<T...> v;
auto it = s.begin();
if (qi::parse(it, s.end(), qi::auto_, v))
return v;
throw std::runtime_error(std::string(__FUNCTION__) + " failed");
}
}
struct Latitude  { double lat_; };
BOOST_FUSION_ADAPT_STRUCT(Latitude, lat_)
struct Longitude { double lon_; };
BOOST_FUSION_ADAPT_STRUCT(Longitude, lon_)
namespace boost { namespace spirit { namespace traits {
template <> struct create_parser<Latitude> {
using type = Commands::Rule<Latitude>;
static type const& call() {
static type const s_rule = qi::skip(qi::space)["LAT=" >> qi::auto_];
return s_rule;
};
};
template <> struct create_parser<Longitude> {
using type = Commands::Rule<Longitude>;
static type const& call() {
static type const s_rule = qi::skip(qi::space)["LON=" >> qi::auto_];
return s_rule;
};
};
} } }
struct print {
using result_type = void;
void operator()(Latitude const &t)  const { std::cout << "Latitude = " << t.lat_ << " deg" << std::endl; }
void operator()(Longitude const &t) const { std::cout << "Longitude = " << t.lon_ << " deg" << std::endl; }
};
#include <sstream>
int main() {
std::istringstream iss("LAT=4.3n LON=5.0");
std::string s;
print printer;
while (std::getline(iss, s)) try {
auto v = Commands::parse<Latitude, Longitude>(s);
boost::apply_visitor(printer, v);
}
catch (std::exception const& e) {
std::cout << "'" << s << "': " << e.what() << "n";
}
}

指纹

Latitude = 4.3 deg
Longitude = 5 deg

更好的东西

如果不使用qi::rule<>则也不需要对迭代器进行硬编码。让我们进入完整的乐趣模式,也摆脱访客:

[住在科利鲁](http://coliru.stacked-crooked.com/a/84f7a8c9a453fc1b

#include <boost/fusion/include/adapt_struct.hpp>
#include <boost/spirit/include/qi.hpp>
namespace Commands {
template <typename... T>
auto parse(std::string const& s) {
boost::variant<T...> v;
auto it = s.begin();
if (boost::spirit::qi::parse(it, s.end(), boost::spirit::qi::auto_, v))
return v;
throw std::runtime_error(std::string(__FUNCTION__) + " failed");
}
struct Latitude { double lat_; };
struct Longitude { double lon_; };
static inline std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& os, Latitude const &t) { return os << "Latitude = " << t.lat_ << " deg"; }
static inline std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& os, Longitude const &t) { return os << "Longitude = " << t.lon_ << " deg"; }
}
BOOST_FUSION_ADAPT_STRUCT(Commands::Latitude, lat_)
BOOST_FUSION_ADAPT_STRUCT(Commands::Longitude, lon_)
namespace boost { namespace spirit { namespace traits {
#define MAP_PARSER(T, expr) 
template <> struct create_parser<T> { 
using type = decltype(qi::attr_cast<T, T>(qi::copy(expr))); 
static type const& call() { static type const s_rule = qi::attr_cast<T, T>(qi::copy(expr)); return s_rule; }; 
};
#define AUTO_MAP_PARSER(T, caption) MAP_PARSER(T, qi::skip(qi::space)[qi::lit(caption) >> '=' >> qi::auto_])
AUTO_MAP_PARSER(::Commands::Longitude, "LON")
AUTO_MAP_PARSER(::Commands::Latitude, "LAT")
} } }
#include <sstream>
int main() {
std::istringstream iss("LAT=4.3n LON=5.0");
std::string s;
while (std::getline(iss, s)) try {
using namespace Commands;
std::cout << "Parsed '" << s << "' into " << parse<Latitude, Longitude>(s) << "n";
} catch (std::exception const& e) {
std::cout << "'" << s << "': " << e.what() << "n";
}
}

指纹

Parsed 'LAT=4.3' into Latitude = 4.3 deg
Parsed ' LON=5.0' into Longitude = 5 deg

除了灵气的答案,我给出的还有:

如果你有能力启用c++1z,你可以将Spirit X3与折叠表达式一起使用:

住在科里鲁

#include <boost/fusion/include/adapt_struct.hpp>
#include <boost/spirit/home/x3.hpp>
namespace Commands {
namespace x3 = boost::spirit::x3;
template <typename... T>
auto parse(std::string const& s) {
using V = boost::variant<T...>;
V v;
auto it = s.begin();
if (x3::parse(it, s.end(), parser_for(v), v))
return v;
throw std::runtime_error(std::string(__FUNCTION__) + " failed");
}
struct Latitude { double lat_; };
struct Longitude { double lon_; };
auto label_for(Latitude) { return "LAT"; }
auto label_for(Longitude) { return "LON"; }
template <typename T, typename P>
auto as_cmd(P p) { return x3::rule<struct _, T>{} 
= x3::skip(x3::space)[x3::lit(label_for(T{})) >> '=' >> p]; }
template <typename T>    auto parser_for(T)                      { return as_cmd<T>(x3::double_); }
template <typename... T> auto parser_for(boost::variant<T...> _) { return (parser_for(T{}) | ...); }
static inline std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& os, Latitude const &t) { return os << "Latitude = " << t.lat_ << " deg"; }
static inline std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& os, Longitude const &t) { return os << "Longitude = " << t.lon_ << " deg"; }
}
BOOST_FUSION_ADAPT_STRUCT(Commands::Latitude, lat_)
BOOST_FUSION_ADAPT_STRUCT(Commands::Longitude, lon_)
#include <iostream>
#include <sstream>
int main() {
std::istringstream iss("LAT=4.3n LON=5.0");
std::string s;
while (std::getline(iss, s)) try {
using namespace Commands;
std::cout << "Parsed '" << s << "' into " << parse<Latitude, Longitude>(s) << "n";
} catch (std::exception const& e) {
std::cout << "'" << s << "': " << e.what() << "n";
}
}

指纹

Parsed 'LAT=4.3' into Latitude = 4.3 deg
Parsed ' LON=5.0' into Longitude = 5 deg