使用 sstream 中的提升binary_iarchive进行序列化和反序列化

最后，经过一番挣扎，我找到了一种序列化和反序列化std::map<int,map<int,structute values>的方法，并且能够打印值。

您能否澄清我对以下代码的疑问

1. void serialize(archive & ar, const unsigned int version)用于序列化和反序列化的函数

2. 我们可以在每个类和结构中为序列化和反序列化提供单独的函数吗？

3. 同样的函数也可以用于创建xml吗，或者它是为xml提供单独的序列化和反序列化功能的巧妙方法

 #include <boost/archive/binary_oarchive.hpp>
 #include <boost/archive/binary_iarchive.hpp>
 #include <boost/serialization/binary_object.hpp>
 #include <boost/serialization/serialization.hpp>
 #include <iostream>
 #include <string>
 #include <iomanip>
 #include <sstream>
 #include <map>
 #include <boost/serialization/map.hpp>
   
struct values
{
    std::string name;
    std::string sex;
    values():name("dummy"),sex("dummy"){} ;
    template<class archive>
    void serialize(archive & ar,  const unsigned int version)
    {
      ar & name ;
      ar & sex ;
    }
};
class Myclass 
{
public:
    
  Myclass()
  {
    values val1;
    e_group.insert( std::make_pair(1,val1) ) ;
    e_group.insert( std::make_pair(2,val1) ) ;
    p_group.insert( std::make_pair(1,e_group) ) ;
    p_group.insert( std::make_pair(2,e_group) ) ;
  }
  template<class archive>
  void serialize(archive & ar,  const unsigned int version)
  {
    ar & e_group ;
    ar & p_group;
  }
  typedef   std::map<int,values> groups;
  typedef   std::map<int,groups> Pgroups;
  groups  e_group;
  Pgroups p_group;
};
int main() {
    char buf[256];
    Myclass obj;
    std::stringstream os(std::ios_base::binary| std::ios_base::out| std::ios_base::in);
    {
        boost::archive::binary_oarchive oa(os, boost::archive::no_header);
        oa << obj ;
      // oa << make_binary_object(&e_group, sizeof(e_group));
    }
   
   //print binary data
    std::string data = os.str();
    for (uint8_t ch : data) {
        std::cout << std::hex << std::setw(2) << std::setfill('0') << static_cast<int>(ch) << " ";
    }
    

    Myclass t2;
    {       
        memcpy(buf, os.str().data(), os.str().length());
        if(memcmp(buf, os.str().data(), os.str().length()) != 0)
          printf("memcpy errorn");
        std::stringstream is(std::string(buf, buf+os.str().length() ), std::ios_base::binary| std::ios_base::out| std::ios_base::in);
        boost::archive::binary_iarchive ia(is, boost::archive::no_header);
        ia >> t2;
    }
   for(auto &i:t2.p_group){
       std::cout<<"n"<<i.first<<"n";
        for(auto &j:i.second){
          std::cout<<"t"<<j.first<<"t"<<j.second.name<<"t"<<j.second.sex<<"n";
        }
   } 
   return 0;
}

更新：我更新了理查德的代码并添加了一个函数来取消二进制文件

#include <boost/archive/binary_oarchive.hpp>
#include <boost/archive/xml_oarchive.hpp>
#include <boost/archive/binary_iarchive.hpp>
#include <boost/serialization/binary_object.hpp>
#include <boost/serialization/serialization.hpp>
#include <boost/serialization/nvp.hpp>
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <iomanip>
#include <sstream>
#include <fstream>
#include <map>
#include <boost/serialization/map.hpp>
#include <boost/serialization/split_member.hpp>

struct values
{
    std::string name;
    std::string sex;
    values():name("dummy"),sex("dummy"){} ;
    BOOST_SERIALIZATION_SPLIT_MEMBER();
    template<class Archive>
    void save(Archive & ar, const unsigned int version) const
    {
        // note, version is always the latest when saving
        ar & BOOST_SERIALIZATION_NVP(name);
        ar & BOOST_SERIALIZATION_NVP(sex);
    }
    template<class Archive>
    void load(Archive & ar, const unsigned int version)
    {
        ar & BOOST_SERIALIZATION_NVP(name);
        ar & BOOST_SERIALIZATION_NVP(sex);
    }
};
class Myclass
{
public:
    Myclass()
    {
        values val1;
        e_group.insert( std::make_pair(1,val1) ) ;
        e_group.insert( std::make_pair(2,val1) ) ;
        p_group.insert( std::make_pair(1,e_group) ) ;
        p_group.insert( std::make_pair(2,e_group) ) ;
    }
    BOOST_SERIALIZATION_SPLIT_MEMBER();
    template<class Archive>
    void save(Archive & ar, const unsigned int version) const
    {
        // note, version is always the latest when saving
        ar & BOOST_SERIALIZATION_NVP(e_group);
        ar & BOOST_SERIALIZATION_NVP(p_group);
    }
    template<class Archive>
    void load(Archive & ar, const unsigned int version)
    {
        ar & BOOST_SERIALIZATION_NVP(e_group);
        ar & BOOST_SERIALIZATION_NVP(p_group);
    }
    typedef   std::map<int,values> groups;
    typedef   std::map<int,groups> Pgroups;
    groups  e_group;
    Pgroups p_group;
};
template<class Archive, class Object>
std::string serialise_to_string(Object const& assetlist)
{
    auto os = std::ostringstream(std::ios::binary);
    Archive arch { os, boost::archive::no_header };
    arch << BOOST_SERIALIZATION_NVP(assetlist);
    return os.str();
};

std::ostream& dump(std::ostream& os, std::string const& s)
{
    const char *sep = "";
    for (uint8_t ch : s) {
        std::cout << sep << std::hex << std::setw(2) << std::setfill('0') << static_cast<int>(ch);
        sep = " ";
    }
    return os;
}
template<class Archive , class Object>
void deserialise_to_obj(std::string const &s1,Object &outObj)
{
    std::stringstream is( s1, std::ios_base::binary| std::ios_base::out| std::ios_base::in);
    Archive arch { is, boost::archive::no_header };
    arch >> BOOST_SERIALIZATION_NVP(outObj);
};

int main() {
    
    Myclass obj ;
    std::string  s1 = serialise_to_string<boost::archive::binary_oarchive>(obj);
    dump(std::cout, s1) << std::endl << std::endl;
    
    auto s2 = serialise_to_string<boost::archive::xml_oarchive>(obj);
   
   //Save xml to a file
    std::ofstream ofs("output.xml");
    ofs << s2 << std::endl << std::endl;
    
    //Deserialize the binary data to object
    Myclass outObj;
    deserialise_to_obj<boost::archive::binary_iarchive>(s1,outObj); 
    
    //Print the object 
    for(auto &i:outObj.p_group){
       std::cout<<"n"<<i.first<<"n";
        for(auto &j:i.second){
          std::cout<<"t"<<j.first<<"t"<<j.second.name<<"t"<<j.second.sex<<"n";
        }
    } 
}

使用 Coliru 编译的代码

如果我的方法错误，请建议我

我要感谢@sehe和@richard帮助我提升。

谢谢光辉