类中的比较函数为 std::sort 无法编译

Compare function in a class for std::sort can't compile

本文关键字:sort 编译 std 比较 函数      更新时间:2023-10-16

我正在编写一个程序来获得凸包。我需要按极角对点进行排序,之前我选择了一个base点,所以我写了一个成员比较函数(请注意,对于每个对象,base点是不同的)。但是当我将其应用于std::sort时,程序无法编译。

这是我的程序:

class ConvexHull
{
  Point p[MAXN], base;
public:
  int size;
  void Create(Point (&)[MAXN], const int);
  bool cmp(const Point& a, const Point& b) const
  {
    static int tmp;
    return (tmp = CrossProduct(base, a, base, b)) < 0 || (tmp == 0 && Dist(base, a) < Dist(base, b));
  }
};
void ConvexHull::Create(Point (&a)[MAXN], const int n)
{
  base = a[0];
  for (int i = 1; i < n; ++i)
    if (a[i].x < base.x || (a[i].x == base.x && a[i].y < base.y))
      base = a[i];
  std::sort(a, a+n, cmp);
  p[0] = a[0], p[1] = a[1];
  size = 2;
  for (int i = 2; i < n; ++i)
  {
    while (size >= 2 && CrossProduct(a[i], p[size-1], a[i], p[size-2]) <= 0) --size;
    p[size++] = a[i];
  }
  p[size++] = p[0];
}

这是错误:

poj1113.cc: In member function 'void ConvexHull::Create(Point (&)[1000], int)':
poj1113.cc:41:24: error: no matching function for call to 'sort(Point [1000], Point*, <unresolved overloaded function type>)'
poj1113.cc:41:24: note: candidates are:
In file included from /usr/include/c++/4.7/algorithm:63:0,
                 from poj1113.cc:3:
/usr/include/c++/4.7/bits/stl_algo.h:5463:5: note: template<class _RAIter> void std::sort(_RAIter, _RAIter)
/usr/include/c++/4.7/bits/stl_algo.h:5463:5: note:   template argument deduction/substitution failed:
poj1113.cc:41:24: note:   candidate expects 2 arguments, 3 provided
In file included from /usr/include/c++/4.7/algorithm:63:0,
                 from poj1113.cc:3:
/usr/include/c++/4.7/bits/stl_algo.h:5499:5: note: void std::sort(_RAIter, _RAIter, _Compare) [with _RAIter = Point*; _Compare = bool (ConvexHull::*)(const Point&, const Point&)const]
/usr/include/c++/4.7/bits/stl_algo.h:5499:5: note:   no known conversion for argument 3 from '<unresolved overloaded function type>' to 'bool (ConvexHull::*)(const Point&, const Point&)const'

如何解决?这(我的意思是让base成员)是一个糟糕的deisgn吗?

问题是您的cmp方法需要static。原因是非静态方法需要一个不可见的第一个参数,即this指针。std::sort函数传递此额外参数。

由于你引用了成员变量,所以你不能使函数static,但还有其他方法可以解决这个问题。我建议使用新的 C++11 标准功能,std::bind

std::sort(a, a+n, std::bind(&ConvexHull::cmp, this));

std::bind调用创建一个可调用对象,将第一个参数设置为 this,以便在调用时正确。