Win32 API：透明度不起作用
Win32 API: transparency doesn't work
我写了一个简单的程序；它是由主窗口和文本框窗口制成的。文本框是50％透明的。当Textbox获取消息时，它在主窗口上绘制蓝线。
问题是"透明"实际上根本不是透明的。如果蓝线在文本框中越过文本，则文本却刚刚删除，尽管文本在上面。反之亦然：如果我开始键入，则一排文本中的一部分就消失了，而不是闪耀。这是一个错误吗？还是我错过了什么？
#include <windows.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#define IDC_MAIN_EDIT 101
void DrawInWindow(HWND hWndToPaint){
HDC hdc = GetDC(hWndToPaint);
if(!hdc)printf("Invalid handlen");
HPEN hPen = CreatePen(PS_SOLID,5,RGB(0, 0, 255));
SelectObject(hdc, hPen);
static float x=620, y=1, tg=0.5, ctg=2;
static int Xone = 1, Yone = 1;//depending on later recalculation this may become negative
MoveToEx(hdc,(int)x,(int)y,NULL);
if(tg<1){
y+=tg;
x+=Xone;
}else{
y+=Yone;
x+=ctg;
}
if(!LineTo(hdc, (int)x, (int)y) )printf("There are paint problemn");
ReleaseDC(hWndToPaint,hdc);
//Now recalculate direction
RECT WndRect;
GetClientRect(hWndToPaint,&WndRect);
if(x>=WndRect.right){
if(ctg>0)ctg*=-1;//make negative
Xone=-1;
}
if(x<=WndRect.left){
if(ctg<0)ctg*=-1;//make positive
Xone=1;
}
if(y>=WndRect.bottom){
if(tg>0)tg*=-1;//make negative
Yone=-1;
}
if(y<=WndRect.top){
if(tg<0)tg*=-1;//make positive
Yone=1;
}
}
int CALLBACK EnumWindowsFunc(HWND hWnd, LPARAM lParam){
DrawInWindow(hWnd);
return false;
}
void PaintInMainWnd(){
EnumWindows(EnumWindowsFunc,0L);//Getting the handle of main window to draw
}
LRESULT __stdcall MyMainCallBckProcedure( HWND window, unsigned msg, WPARAM wp, LPARAM lp ){
switch(msg){
case WM_KEYDOWN:
if(wp == VK_ESCAPE)PostQuitMessage(0);
break;
case WM_DESTROY:
printf("ndestroying windown");
PostQuitMessage(0);
return 0;
case WM_SIZE:{
HWND hEdit;
RECT rcClient;
GetClientRect(window, &rcClient);
hEdit = GetDlgItem(window, IDC_MAIN_EDIT);
SetWindowPos(hEdit, NULL, 0, 0, rcClient.right, rcClient.bottom, SWP_NOZORDER);
break;
}
default:
return DefWindowProc( window, msg, wp, lp ) ;
}
}
WNDPROC lpEditWndProc;
LRESULT CALLBACK MyEditCallBckProcedure(HWND hWnd, UINT uMsg, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam){
if( (uMsg == WM_CHAR) && (wParam == VK_ESCAPE) )
{
PostQuitMessage(0);
return 0;
}
PaintInMainWnd();
lpEditWndProc(hWnd, uMsg, wParam, lParam);
}
bool CreateWindows(){
const char* const myclass = "myclass";
WNDCLASSEX wndclass = { sizeof(WNDCLASSEX), CS_DBLCLKS, MyMainCallBckProcedure,
0, 0, GetModuleHandle(0), LoadIcon(0,IDI_APPLICATION),
LoadCursor(0,IDC_ARROW), HBRUSH(COLOR_WINDOW+1),
0, myclass, LoadIcon(0,IDI_APPLICATION) };
if(RegisterClassEx(&wndclass)<0){
printf("ERR: in registering window classn");
return false;
}
//Creating window
HWND window = CreateWindowEx( 0, myclass, "title",
WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW, CW_USEDEFAULT, CW_USEDEFAULT,
640, 480, 0, 0, GetModuleHandle(0), 0 );
if(!window){
printf("ERR: in creating windown");
return false;
}
ShowWindow( window, SW_SHOWDEFAULT );
//creating TextBox on the window
HFONT hfDefault;
HWND hEdit;
hEdit = CreateWindowEx(0, "edit", "",
WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE | WS_VSCROLL | WS_HSCROLL | ES_MULTILINE | ES_AUTOVSCROLL | ES_AUTOHSCROLL,
CW_USEDEFAULT, CW_USEDEFAULT, CW_USEDEFAULT, CW_USEDEFAULT,
window, (HMENU)IDC_MAIN_EDIT, GetModuleHandle(NULL), NULL);
if(hEdit == NULL){
MessageBox(window, "Could not create edit box.", "Error", MB_OK | MB_ICONERROR);
return false;
}
hfDefault = (HFONT)GetStockObject(DEFAULT_GUI_FONT);
SendMessage(hEdit, WM_SETFONT, (WPARAM)hfDefault, MAKELPARAM(FALSE, 0));
//Now resize TextBox to fill whole parent window
RECT RectSize;
GetClientRect(window,&RectSize);
hEdit = GetDlgItem(window,IDC_MAIN_EDIT);
SetWindowPos(hEdit, 0,0,0,RectSize.right,RectSize.bottom,SWP_NOZORDER);
//Let's try to catch some messages in TextBox...
lpEditWndProc = (WNDPROC)SetWindowLongPtr(hEdit, GWL_WNDPROC, (LONG_PTR)&MyEditCallBckProcedure);
//Making hEdit transparent
SetWindowLongPtr(hEdit,GWL_EXSTYLE, WS_EX_LAYERED | GetWindowLongPtr(hEdit, GWL_EXSTYLE) );
SetLayeredWindowAttributes(hEdit, 0, (255*50)/100, LWA_ALPHA);
return true;
//###
}
int main(){
if(!CreateWindows() ){printf("Something gone wrongn");return 1;}
MSG msg;
while(GetMessage(&msg,0,0,0) ){
TranslateMessage(&msg);
DispatchMessage(&msg);
}
}
不知道这一点很重要，但是我还应该提到，我只在Ubuntu下用葡萄酒进行了测试，因为我的窗户被此错误搞砸了。无论如何，我希望问题不在葡萄酒本身中。很抱歉，我真的不知道要删除它以使其更小。
我找到了解决方法。我创建了背景顶级窗口，并制作了前景窗口50％Trasparent。我在背景窗口中绘制线条。如果前窗移动或调整大小，后窗在WM_WINDOWPOSCHANGED消息的帮助下相应地反应，则在每个小动作/调整大小上发送。
无论如何，这种解决方法很小，因为： linux/wine 特定问题：1）显示经理不要装饰 wine 的透明窗口（但这可以通过使第二个窗口0％透明来避免）2）拖动窗口，但是第二个移动。所有操作系统特定问题：在任务栏中可见第二个窗口。从理论上讲，可以通过将WS_EX_TOOLWINDOW添加到未拥有的窗口中来避免最后一个。报价
要防止窗口按钮放在任务栏上，请创建 带有WS_EX_ToolWindow扩展样式的未拥有的窗口。
但是，至少在葡萄酒中，它行不通。好吧，我希望这是一个错误：）
#include <windows.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#define IDC_MAIN_EDIT 101
HWND hBackWnd;
void DrawInWindow(HWND hWndToPaint){
HDC hdc = GetDC(hWndToPaint);
if(!hdc)printf("Invalid handlen");
HPEN hPen = CreatePen(PS_SOLID,5,RGB(0, 0, 255));
SelectObject(hdc, hPen);
static float x=620, y=1, tg=0.5, ctg=2;
static int Xone = 1, Yone = 1;//depending on later recalculation this may become negative
MoveToEx(hdc,(int)x,(int)y,NULL);
if(tg<1){
y+=tg;
x+=Xone;
}else{
y+=Yone;
x+=ctg;
}
if(!LineTo(hdc, (int)x, (int)y) )printf("There are paint problemn");
ReleaseDC(hWndToPaint,hdc);
//Now recalculate direction
RECT WndRect;
GetClientRect(hWndToPaint,&WndRect);
if(x>=WndRect.right){
if(ctg>0)ctg*=-1;//make negative
Xone=-1;
}
if(x<=WndRect.left){
if(ctg<0)ctg*=-1;//make positive
Xone=1;
}
if(y>=WndRect.bottom){
if(tg>0)tg*=-1;//make negative
Yone=-1;
}
if(y<=WndRect.top){
if(tg<0)tg*=-1;//make positive
Yone=1;
}
}
LRESULT __stdcall MyMainCallBckProcedure( HWND window, unsigned msg, WPARAM wp, LPARAM lp ){
switch(msg){
case WM_KEYDOWN:
if(wp == VK_ESCAPE)PostQuitMessage(0);
break;
case WM_DESTROY:
printf("ndestroying windown");
PostQuitMessage(0);
return 0;
case WM_SIZE:
HWND hEdit;
RECT rcClient;
GetClientRect(window, &rcClient);
hEdit = GetDlgItem(window, IDC_MAIN_EDIT);
SetWindowPos(hEdit, NULL, 0, 0, rcClient.right, rcClient.bottom, SWP_NOZORDER);
break;
case WM_WINDOWPOSCHANGED:{//LPARAM is a ptr to WINDOWPOS
RECT BckWndRect;
if(!GetWindowRect(hBackWnd, &BckWndRect) )printf("ERR: getting backwnd rectanglen");
bool IsRepaint;
WINDOWPOS* pNewPos = (WINDOWPOS*)lp;
if(BckWndRect.left+BckWndRect.right != pNewPos->cx
|| BckWndRect.top+BckWndRect.bottom != pNewPos->cy)IsRepaint = true;
else IsRepaint = false;
MoveWindow(hBackWnd, pNewPos->x, pNewPos->y, pNewPos->cx, pNewPos->cy, IsRepaint);
break;
}
default:
return DefWindowProc( window, msg, wp, lp ) ;
}
}
WNDPROC lpEditWndProc;
LRESULT CALLBACK MyEditCallBckProcedure(HWND hWnd, UINT uMsg, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam){
if( (uMsg == WM_CHAR) && (wParam == VK_ESCAPE) )
{
PostQuitMessage(0);
return 0;
}
DrawInWindow(hBackWnd);
lpEditWndProc(hWnd, uMsg, wParam, lParam);
}
bool CreateWindows(){
//creating back window
const char* backwnd = "backwnd";
WNDCLASSEX backwndclass = { sizeof(WNDCLASSEX), CS_DBLCLKS, MyMainCallBckProcedure,
0, 0, GetModuleHandle(0), LoadIcon(0,IDI_APPLICATION),
LoadCursor(0,IDC_ARROW), HBRUSH(COLOR_WINDOW+1),
0, backwnd, LoadIcon(0,IDI_APPLICATION) };
if(RegisterClassEx(&backwndclass)<0){
printf("ERR: in registering second window classn");
return false;
}
hBackWnd = CreateWindowEx( 0, backwnd, "title", WS_EX_TOOLWINDOW |
WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW, CW_USEDEFAULT, CW_USEDEFAULT,
640, 480, 0, 0, GetModuleHandle(0), 0 );
if(!hBackWnd){
printf("ERR: in creating background windown");
return false;
}
ShowWindow( hBackWnd, SW_SHOWDEFAULT );
//Creating front window
const char* const frontwnd = "frontwnd";
WNDCLASSEX wndclass = { sizeof(WNDCLASSEX), CS_DBLCLKS, MyMainCallBckProcedure,
0, 0, GetModuleHandle(0), LoadIcon(0,IDI_APPLICATION),
LoadCursor(0,IDC_ARROW), HBRUSH(COLOR_WINDOW+1),
0, frontwnd, LoadIcon(0,IDI_APPLICATION) };
if(RegisterClassEx(&wndclass)<0){
printf("ERR: in registering foreground window classn");
return false;
}
HWND window = CreateWindowEx( 0, frontwnd, "title",
WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW, CW_USEDEFAULT, CW_USEDEFAULT,
640, 480, 0, 0, GetModuleHandle(0), 0 );
if(!window){
printf("ERR: in creating foreground windown");
return false;
}
ShowWindow( window, SW_SHOWDEFAULT );
//creating textbox
HWND hEdit = CreateWindowEx( 0, "edit", "", WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE | WS_VSCROLL | WS_HSCROLL
| ES_MULTILINE | ES_AUTOVSCROLL, CW_USEDEFAULT, CW_USEDEFAULT, 640,
480, window, (HMENU)IDC_MAIN_EDIT, GetModuleHandle(0), 0 );
HFONT hfDefault = (HFONT)GetStockObject(DEFAULT_GUI_FONT);
SendMessage(hEdit, WM_SETFONT, (WPARAM)hfDefault, MAKELPARAM(FALSE, 0));
//Let's try to catch some messages in TextBox...
lpEditWndProc = (WNDPROC)SetWindowLongPtr(hEdit, GWL_WNDPROC, (LONG_PTR)&MyEditCallBckProcedure);
//Making foreground window transparent
SetWindowLongPtr(window,GWL_EXSTYLE, WS_EX_LAYERED | GetWindowLongPtr(window, GWL_EXSTYLE) );
SetLayeredWindowAttributes(window, 0, (255*50)/100, LWA_ALPHA);
return true;
//###
}
int main(){
if(!CreateWindows() ){printf("Something gone wrongn");return 1;}
MSG msg;
while(GetMessage(&msg,0,0,0) ){
TranslateMessage(&msg);
DispatchMessage(&msg);
}
}
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