将字符串拆分为矢量 C++

splitting string into vector c++

本文关键字：C++ 字符串 拆分      更新时间：2023-10-16

我写了一个简单的代码来从每个'/'中分离字符串并存储到向量中。我的字符串可能以/开头，也可能不以/开头，并且肯定会以/结尾。例如，如果我的字符串是：

string="/home/desktop/test/" 
I want to <"/","home","desktop","test"> and another example
string="../folder1/folder2/../pic.pdf/" 
I want to store <"..","folder1","folder2","..","pic.pdf"

但是，我的代码为第一个示例提供了<" ","home","desktop","test"," ">和 第二个示例的<"..","folder1","folder2","..","pic.pdf"," ">

有人可以帮助我吗？这是我的代码： 

#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
#include <string>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
    string strLine("/cd/desktop/../test/");
    string strTempString;
    vector<int> splitIndices;
    vector<string> splitLine;
    int nCharIndex = 0;
    int nLineSize = strLine.size();
    // find indices
    for(int i = 0; i < nLineSize; i++)
    {
        if(strLine[i] == '/')
            splitIndices.push_back(i);
    }
    splitIndices.push_back(nLineSize); // end index
    // fill split lines
    for(int i = 0; i < (int)splitIndices.size(); i++)
    {
        strTempString = strLine.substr(nCharIndex, (splitIndices[i] - nCharIndex));
        splitLine.push_back(strTempString);
        cout << strTempString << endl;
        nCharIndex = splitIndices[i] + 1;
    }

}

C++字符串工具包库 （Strtk） 具有以下问题解决方案：

http://www.codeproject.com/Articles/23198/C-String-Toolkit-StrTk-Tokenizer

代码中要做的一些事情应该可以解决这个问题，可能有一个更好、更优雅的解决方案。

#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
#include <string>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
    string strLine("/cd/desktop/../test/");
    string strTempString;
    vector<int> splitIndices;
    vector<string> splitLine;
    int nCharIndex = 0;
    int nLineSize = strLine.size();
    // find indices
    if(nLineSize!=0 && strLine[0]=='/')
    {
         splitLine.push_back(strLine.substr(0,1));
         nCharIndex++;
    }
    for(int i = 1; i < nLineSize; i++)
    {
        if(strLine[i] == '/')
            splitIndices.push_back(i);
    }
    // fill split lines
    for(int i = 0; i <int(splitIndices.size()); i++)
    {
        strTempString = strLine.substr(nCharIndex, (splitIndices[i] - nCharIndex));
        splitLine.push_back(strTempString);
        nCharIndex = splitIndices[i] + 1;
    }        
}

编辑：清理了一下代码，您现在可以删除添加最后一个索引部分。

编辑 2：

一个可能看起来更优雅的解决方案可能是删除 ncharcounter 并使用拆分索引。如果第一个字符不是 （"/"），则可以将第一个值存储为 "-1"，如果是，则可以存储为 （'0'）。

    string strLine("/cd/desktop/../test/");
    string strTempString;
    vector<int> splitIndices;
    vector<string> splitLine;
    int nLineSize = strLine.size();
    // find indices
    splitIndices.push_back(-1);
    if(nLineSize!=0 && strLine[0]=='/')
    {
         splitLine.push_back(strLine.substr(0,1));
         splitIndices[0]=0;
    }             
    for(int i = 1; i < nLineSize; i++)
    {
        if(strLine[i] == '/')
            splitIndices.push_back(i);
    }
    // fill split lines
    for(int i = 1; i <int(splitIndices.size()); i++)
    {
        strTempString = strLine.substr(splitIndices[i-1]+1, (splitIndices[i] - (splitIndices[i-1]+1) ));
        splitLine.push_back(strTempString);
    }

以下更改可能会有所帮助：

if (!strLine.empty() && strLine.back() != '/') {
    splitIndices.push_back(nLineSize); // end index
}
// fill split lines
for(int i = 0; i < (int)splitIndices.size(); i++)
{
    if (splitIndices[i] == 0) {
        splitLine.push_back("/");
    } else {
        strTempString = strLine.substr(nCharIndex, (splitIndices[i] - nCharIndex));
        splitLine.push_back(strTempString);
    }
    nCharIndex = splitIndices[i] + 1;
}

#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <sstream>
#include <vector>
int main()
{
    std::string s1 = "/home/desktop/test/";
    std::string s2 = "../folder1/folder2/../pic.pdf/";
    std::vector<std::string> v1;
    std::istringstream is1( s1 );
    std::string t;
    while ( std::getline( is1, t, '/' ) )
    {
        if ( t.empty() ) v1.push_back( "/" );
        else v1.push_back( t );
    }
    for ( const std::string &t : v1 ) std::cout << t << std::endl;
    std::cout << std::endl;
    std::vector<std::string> v2;
    std::istringstream is2( s2 );
    while ( std::getline( is2, t, '/' ) )
    {
        if ( t.empty() ) v2.push_back( "/" );
        else v2.push_back( t );
    }
    for ( const std::string &t : v2 ) std::cout << t << std::endl;
}
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