反转十六进制值的数字

Inverting digits of a hex value

本文关键字：数字 十六进制      更新时间：2023-10-16

我需要取一个十六进制数中的所有数字并"反转"它们：所有零都变成非零（F），所有非零都变成零。

我试过了：

void someFunction(DWORD hexVal)
{
     //...
     hexVal = ~hexVal;
     //...
}

并且这将0xE0000000改变为0x1FFFFFFF而不是0x0FFFFFFF。

我怎样才能产生想要的结果？

这将为您提供2个字节的所需结果。你得到了4字节的想法。

hexval = ((hexval & 0xf000) ? 0 : 0xf000) |
         ((hexval & 0xf00) ? 0 : 0xf00) |
         ((hexval & 0xf0) ? 0 : 0xf0) |
         ((hexval & 0xf) ? 0 : 0xf);

假设你真的想要零->非零，反之亦然，以数字为基础：

DWORD invertDigits(DWORD in) {
    return (
        ((in & (0xF << 28)) ? 0x0 : (0xF << 28)) |
        ((in & (0xF << 24)) ? 0x0 : (0xF << 24)) |
        ((in & (0xF << 20)) ? 0x0 : (0xF << 20)) |
        ((in & (0xF << 16)) ? 0x0 : (0xF << 16)) |
        ((in & (0xF << 12)) ? 0x0 : (0xF << 12)) |
        ((in & (0xF << 8)) ? 0x0 : (0xF << 8)) |
        ((in & (0xF << 4)) ? 0x0 : (0xF << 4)) |
        ((in & (0xF << 0)) ? 0x0 : (0xF << 0))
    );
}

这是按位NOT运算所需的结果。0xE0000000+0x1FFFFFFF=0xFFFFFFFF

做你想做的事情最快的方法是将它拆分成字节并使用查找表。

该解决方案的处理器等效于：24次加法、4次乘法和4次内存查找。乘法是数组索引的一部分。除了乘法和内存查找稍长之外，所有简单的数学运算都以相同的速度运行。根据您的处理器体系结构和执行的编译器优化，您的里程数可能会有所不同。

unsigned int transform1(unsigned int value)
{
    // static const unsigned char ZZ = 0x0, ZF = 0xF, FZ = 0xF0, FF = 0xFF; // for C++
    #define ZZ (unsigned char) 0x00
    #define FZ (unsigned char) 0xF0
    #define ZF (unsigned char) 0x0F
    #define FF (unsigned char) 0xFF
    static const unsigned char lookup[256] = 
    {
        FF, FZ, FZ, FZ, FZ, FZ, FZ, FZ, FZ, FZ, FZ, FZ, FZ, FZ, FZ, FZ,
        ZF, ZZ, ZZ, ZZ, ZZ, ZZ, ZZ, ZZ, ZZ, ZZ, ZZ, ZZ, ZZ, ZZ, ZZ, ZZ,
        ZF, ZZ, ZZ, ZZ, ZZ, ZZ, ZZ, ZZ, ZZ, ZZ, ZZ, ZZ, ZZ, ZZ, ZZ, ZZ,
        ZF, ZZ, ZZ, ZZ, ZZ, ZZ, ZZ, ZZ, ZZ, ZZ, ZZ, ZZ, ZZ, ZZ, ZZ, ZZ,
        ZF, ZZ, ZZ, ZZ, ZZ, ZZ, ZZ, ZZ, ZZ, ZZ, ZZ, ZZ, ZZ, ZZ, ZZ, ZZ,
        ZF, ZZ, ZZ, ZZ, ZZ, ZZ, ZZ, ZZ, ZZ, ZZ, ZZ, ZZ, ZZ, ZZ, ZZ, ZZ,
        ZF, ZZ, ZZ, ZZ, ZZ, ZZ, ZZ, ZZ, ZZ, ZZ, ZZ, ZZ, ZZ, ZZ, ZZ, ZZ,
        ZF, ZZ, ZZ, ZZ, ZZ, ZZ, ZZ, ZZ, ZZ, ZZ, ZZ, ZZ, ZZ, ZZ, ZZ, ZZ,
        ZF, ZZ, ZZ, ZZ, ZZ, ZZ, ZZ, ZZ, ZZ, ZZ, ZZ, ZZ, ZZ, ZZ, ZZ, ZZ,
        ZF, ZZ, ZZ, ZZ, ZZ, ZZ, ZZ, ZZ, ZZ, ZZ, ZZ, ZZ, ZZ, ZZ, ZZ, ZZ,
        ZF, ZZ, ZZ, ZZ, ZZ, ZZ, ZZ, ZZ, ZZ, ZZ, ZZ, ZZ, ZZ, ZZ, ZZ, ZZ,
        ZF, ZZ, ZZ, ZZ, ZZ, ZZ, ZZ, ZZ, ZZ, ZZ, ZZ, ZZ, ZZ, ZZ, ZZ, ZZ,
        ZF, ZZ, ZZ, ZZ, ZZ, ZZ, ZZ, ZZ, ZZ, ZZ, ZZ, ZZ, ZZ, ZZ, ZZ, ZZ,
        ZF, ZZ, ZZ, ZZ, ZZ, ZZ, ZZ, ZZ, ZZ, ZZ, ZZ, ZZ, ZZ, ZZ, ZZ, ZZ,
        ZF, ZZ, ZZ, ZZ, ZZ, ZZ, ZZ, ZZ, ZZ, ZZ, ZZ, ZZ, ZZ, ZZ, ZZ, ZZ,
        ZF, ZZ, ZZ, ZZ, ZZ, ZZ, ZZ, ZZ, ZZ, ZZ, ZZ, ZZ, ZZ, ZZ, ZZ, ZZ,
    }; // array takes up 1KB of RAM
    unsigned int result = 0;
    result |= lookup[(unsigned int)((value & (FF << 0 )) >> 0) ] << 0;
    result |= lookup[(unsigned int)((value & (FF << 8 )) >> 8) ] << 8;
    result |= lookup[(unsigned int)((value & (FF << 16)) >> 16)] << 16;
    result |= lookup[(unsigned int)((value & (FF << 24)) >> 24)] << 24;
    return result;
}

您可能必须从MSB开始逐字节进行。检查该值是否在16^6和16^7之间（假设它是无符号的）。如果是，请添加到新数字0中。如果不是，添加到新数字2^31+2^30+2^29+2^28。

看到我在说什么了吗？

所以反转和否定是两回事。

反转取每个比特并产生其补码，如下所示：

 0xE0000000 = 1110 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000
~0xE0000000 = 0001 1111 1111 1111 1111 1111 1111 1111 = 0x1FFFFFFF

如果你想要"除零以外的任何东西都需要变为零"，你想要布尔否定，即

hexVal = !hexVal;

编辑：好吧，在阅读了其他一些答案后，我终于明白了提问者的要求，这是我使用一个巨大的数学表达式的个人版本

n = ~(n | ((n & 0x77777777) << 1) | ((n & 0x88888888) >> 3)
        | ((n & 0x33333333) << 2) | ((n & 0xCCCCCCCC) >> 2)
        | ((n & 0x11111111) << 3) | ((n & 0xEEEEEEEE) >> 1));
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