从 c++ 通过 activex 读取 Outlook 通讯簿会随机返回未知错误
Reading outlook address book via activex from c++ returns unknown error at random
我目前正在编写一个需要导入整个Outlook AddressBook的程序。该程序是用C++编写的（用gcc（MinGW）编译），我使用ActiveX连接到Outlook。
这是我的工作：
- 创建 Outlook.Application 的实例
- 获取当前会话
- 获取地址列表
- 对于地址列表中的每个地址列表：获取地址条目
- 对于 AddressEntry 中的每个 AddressEntry：确定它是 ContactItem、ExchangeUser 还是其他内容
- 如果是联系人项：读取以下属性：名字、姓氏、邮寄地址街道、邮寄地址邮政信箱、邮寄地址邮政编码、邮寄地址城市、公司名称、部门、职务、主要电话号码、其他电话号码、商务传真号码和电子邮件 1地址
- 如果是 ExchangeUser：读取以下属性：名字、姓氏、街道地址、邮政编码、城市、公司名称、部门、职务、商业电话号码、手机号码、地址
- 如果它是其他类型的地址条目，请忽略它
只要地址簿中只有几个联系人，这就像一个魅力。但现在我正在一家更大的公司中测试它，地址簿中有大约 500 个联系人（包括 ContactItems 和 ExchangeUsers），分布在 22 个不同的地址列表中。
在读取最大的地址列表（包含 180 个地址条目，所有 ExchangeUsers）期间，Outlook 的 ActiveX 组件突然返回一个未知错误（返回值 IDispatch->Invoke 0xFFFFFFFF）。它通常介于第 105 个和第 115 个 AddressEntry 之间，并且通常在读取 MobilePhoneNumber 属性期间（但如果我将其注释掉，它只会在不同的调用中失败。
知道我可能做错了什么吗？我的印象是这与大量的连续通话有关。也许每次打电话后我都应该进行某种清理？
无论如何任何帮助将不胜感激！
问候低密度字节
编辑：代码（为简洁起见，省略头文件）
1. 应用类
Contact * MSOutlookContactSource::ToContact(SP<ContactUser> contactUser) const
{
Contact * c = new Contact;
c->setFirstName(contactUser->GetFirstName())
.setLastName(contactUser->GetLastName())
.setStreet(contactUser->GetMailingAddressStreet())
.setStreetNr(contactUser->GetMailingAddressPostOfficeBox())
.setZip(contactUser->GetMailingAddressPostalCode())
.setCity(contactUser->GetMailingAddressCity())
.setCompany(contactUser->GetCompanyName())
.setDepartment(contactUser->GetDepartment())
.setFunction(contactUser->GetJobTitle())
.setTel1(contactUser->GetPrimaryTelephoneNumber())
.setTel2(contactUser->GetOtherTelephoneNumber())
.setFax(contactUser->GetBusinessFaxNumber())
.setEmail(contactUser->GetEmail1Address());
return c;
}
//----------------------------------------------------------------------
Contact * MSOutlookContactSource::ToContact(SP<ExchangeUser> exchangeUser) const
{
Contact * c = new Contact;
c->setFirstName(exchangeUser->GetFirstName())
.setLastName(exchangeUser->GetLastName())
.setStreet(exchangeUser->GetStreetAddress())
.setZip(exchangeUser->GetPostalCode())
.setCity(exchangeUser->GetCity())
.setCompany(exchangeUser->GetCompanyName())
.setDepartment(exchangeUser->GetDepartment())
.setFunction(exchangeUser->GetJobTitle())
.setTel1(exchangeUser->GetBusinessTelephoneNumber())
.setTel2(exchangeUser->GetMobileTelephoneNumber())
.setEmail(exchangeUser->GetAddress());
return c;
}
//----------------------------------------------------------------------
vector<Contact *> MSOutlookContactSource::GetAllContacts() const
{
LOG << "GetAllContacts" << endl;
ActiveX::Initialize();
vector<Contact *> retval;
SP<Application> outlookApplication(Application::Create());
SP<Namespace> session(outlookApplication->GetSession());
SP<AddressLists> addressLists(session->GetAddressLists());
long numAddressLists = addressLists->GetCount();
LOG << "Found " << numAddressLists << " addressLists" << endl;
for (long idxAddressLists = 1; idxAddressLists <= numAddressLists; ++idxAddressLists)
{
LOG << "Fetching addressList " << idxAddressLists << endl;
SP<AddressList> addressList(addressLists->Item(idxAddressLists));
SP<AddressEntries> addressEntries(addressList->GetAddressEntries());
long numAddressEntries = addressEntries->GetCount();
LOG << "Found " << numAddressEntries << " addressEntries" << endl;
for (long idxAddressEntries = 1; idxAddressEntries <= numAddressEntries; ++idxAddressEntries)
{
LOG << "Fetching addressEntry " << idxAddressEntries << endl;
SP<AddressEntry> addressEntry(addressEntries->Item(idxAddressEntries));
SP<ContactUser> contactUser(addressEntry->GetContact());
if (contactUser->IsNull())
{
SP<ExchangeUser> exchangeUser(addressEntry->GetExchangeUser());
if (!exchangeUser->IsNull())
{
LOG << "It's an ExchangeUser" << endl;
retval.push_back(ToContact(exchangeUser));
}
else
LOG << "I don't know what it is => skipping" << endl;
}
else
{
LOG << "It's a ContactUser" << endl;
retval.push_back(ToContact(contactUser));
}
}
}
ActiveX::Uninitialize();
unsigned num_found = retval.size();
LOG << "Found " << num_found << " contacts" << endl;
return retval;
}
//----------------------------------------------------------------------
2. 域对象（示例）。其他域对象的实现方式类似
ExchangeUser::ExchangeUser() :
ActiveXProxy(NULL)
{
}
//----------------------------------------------------------------------
ExchangeUser::ExchangeUser(IDispatch * parent) :
ActiveXProxy(parent)
{
}
//----------------------------------------------------------------------
ExchangeUser::~ExchangeUser()
{
}
//----------------------------------------------------------------------
ExchangeUser::ExchangeUser(const ExchangeUser & to_copy) :
ActiveXProxy(to_copy)
{
}
//----------------------------------------------------------------------
ExchangeUser & ExchangeUser::operator=(const ExchangeUser & to_copy)
{
if (&to_copy != this)
{
*((ActiveXProxy *)this) = to_copy;
}
return *this;
}
//----------------------------------------------------------------------
bool ExchangeUser::IsNull()
{
return _parent == NULL;
}
//----------------------------------------------------------------------
string ExchangeUser::GetFirstName()
{
wstring wstr(ActiveX::GetProperty(_parent, L"FirstName", 0).bstrVal);
string str(wstr.size(), ' ');
copy(wstr.begin(), wstr.end(), str.begin());
return str;
}
//----------------------------------------------------------------------
string ExchangeUser::GetLastName()
{
wstring wstr(ActiveX::GetProperty(_parent, L"LastName", 0).bstrVal);
string str(wstr.size(), ' ');
copy(wstr.begin(), wstr.end(), str.begin());
return str;
}
//----------------------------------------------------------------------
string ExchangeUser::GetStreetAddress()
{
wstring wstr(ActiveX::GetProperty(_parent, L"StreetAddress", 0).bstrVal);
string str(wstr.size(), ' ');
copy(wstr.begin(), wstr.end(), str.begin());
return str;
}
//----------------------------------------------------------------------
string ExchangeUser::GetPostalCode()
{
wstring wstr(ActiveX::GetProperty(_parent, L"PostalCode", 0).bstrVal);
string str(wstr.size(), ' ');
copy(wstr.begin(), wstr.end(), str.begin());
return str;
}
//----------------------------------------------------------------------
string ExchangeUser::GetCity()
{
wstring wstr(ActiveX::GetProperty(_parent, L"City", 0).bstrVal);
string str(wstr.size(), ' ');
copy(wstr.begin(), wstr.end(), str.begin());
return str;
}
//----------------------------------------------------------------------
string ExchangeUser::GetCompanyName()
{
wstring wstr(ActiveX::GetProperty(_parent, L"CompanyName", 0).bstrVal);
string str(wstr.size(), ' ');
copy(wstr.begin(), wstr.end(), str.begin());
return str;
}
//----------------------------------------------------------------------
string ExchangeUser::GetDepartment()
{
wstring wstr(ActiveX::GetProperty(_parent, L"Department", 0).bstrVal);
string str(wstr.size(), ' ');
copy(wstr.begin(), wstr.end(), str.begin());
return str;
}
//----------------------------------------------------------------------
string ExchangeUser::GetJobTitle()
{
wstring wstr(ActiveX::GetProperty(_parent, L"JobTitle", 0).bstrVal);
string str(wstr.size(), ' ');
copy(wstr.begin(), wstr.end(), str.begin());
return str;
}
//----------------------------------------------------------------------
string ExchangeUser::GetBusinessTelephoneNumber()
{
wstring wstr(ActiveX::GetProperty(_parent, L"BusinessTelephoneNumber", 0).bstrVal);
string str(wstr.size(), ' ');
copy(wstr.begin(), wstr.end(), str.begin());
return str;
}
//----------------------------------------------------------------------
string ExchangeUser::GetMobileTelephoneNumber()
{
wstring wstr(ActiveX::GetProperty(_parent, L"MobileTelephoneNumber", 0).bstrVal);
string str(wstr.size(), ' ');
copy(wstr.begin(), wstr.end(), str.begin());
return str;
}
//----------------------------------------------------------------------
string ExchangeUser::GetAddress()
{
wstring wstr(ActiveX::GetProperty(_parent, L"Address", 0).bstrVal);
string str(wstr.size(), ' ');
copy(wstr.begin(), wstr.end(), str.begin());
return str;
}
//----------------------------------------------------------------------
3. ActiveXProxy 基类（_parent是一个 IDispatch *）
ActiveXProxy::ActiveXProxy() :
_parent(NULL)
{
}
//----------------------------------------------------------------------
ActiveXProxy::ActiveXProxy(IDispatch * parent) :
_parent(parent)
{
}
//----------------------------------------------------------------------
ActiveXProxy::~ActiveXProxy()
{
if (_parent != NULL)
{
_parent->Release();
_parent = NULL;
}
}
//----------------------------------------------------------------------
ActiveXProxy::ActiveXProxy(const ActiveXProxy & to_copy) :
_parent(to_copy._parent)
{
}
//----------------------------------------------------------------------
ActiveXProxy & ActiveXProxy::operator=(const ActiveXProxy & to_copy)
{
if (&to_copy != this)
{
_parent = to_copy._parent;
}
return *this;
}
//----------------------------------------------------------------------
4. ActiveX 实用程序类
map<HRESULT, string> ActiveX::_errorTranslations;
unsigned ActiveX::_numInits = 0;
//----------------------------------------------------------------------
void ActiveX::Initialize()
{
if (_numInits == 0)
{
CoInitialize(NULL);
_errorTranslations[DISP_E_BADPARAMCOUNT] = "DISP_E_BADPARAMCOUNT";
_errorTranslations[DISP_E_BADVARTYPE] = "DISP_E_BADVARTYPE";
_errorTranslations[DISP_E_EXCEPTION] = "DISP_E_EXCEPTION";
_errorTranslations[DISP_E_MEMBERNOTFOUND] = "DISP_E_MEMBERNOTFOUND";
_errorTranslations[DISP_E_NONAMEDARGS] = "DISP_E_NONAMEDARGS";
_errorTranslations[DISP_E_OVERFLOW] = "DISP_E_OVERFLOW";
_errorTranslations[DISP_E_PARAMNOTFOUND] = "DISP_E_PARAMNOTFOUND";
_errorTranslations[DISP_E_TYPEMISMATCH] = "DISP_E_TYPEMISMATCH";
_errorTranslations[DISP_E_UNKNOWNINTERFACE] = "DISP_E_UNKNOWNINTERFACE";
_errorTranslations[DISP_E_UNKNOWNLCID ] = "DISP_E_UNKNOWNLCID ";
_errorTranslations[DISP_E_PARAMNOTOPTIONAL] = "DISP_E_PARAMNOTOPTIONAL";
}
_numInits++;
}
//----------------------------------------------------------------------
void ActiveX::Uninitialize()
{
if (_numInits > 0)
{
_numInits--;
if (_numInits == 0)
CoUninitialize();
}
}
//----------------------------------------------------------------------
VARIANT ActiveX::GetProperty(IDispatch * from, LPOLESTR olePropertyName, int cArgs...)
{
va_list marker;
va_start(marker, cArgs);
VARIANT *pArgs = new VARIANT[cArgs+1];
char name[256];
WideCharToMultiByte(CP_ACP, 0, olePropertyName, -1, name, 256, NULL, NULL);
string propertyName(name);
DISPID dispId;
HRESULT hr = from->GetIDsOfNames(IID_NULL, &olePropertyName, 1, LOCALE_USER_DEFAULT, &dispId);
if (SUCCEEDED(hr))
{
// Extract arguments...
for(int i=0; i<cArgs; i++)
pArgs[i] = va_arg(marker, VARIANT);
// Build DISPPARAMS
DISPPARAMS dispParams = { NULL, NULL, 0, 0 };
dispParams.cArgs = cArgs;
dispParams.rgvarg = pArgs;
EXCEPINFO excepInfo;
VARIANT vProperty;
hr = from->Invoke(dispId, IID_NULL, LOCALE_SYSTEM_DEFAULT, DISPATCH_PROPERTYGET, &dispParams, &vProperty, &excepInfo, NULL);
if (SUCCEEDED(hr))
{
va_end(marker);
delete [] pArgs;
return vProperty;
}
else
{
va_end(marker);
delete [] pArgs;
stringstream errorMessage;
errorMessage << "Failed to Invoke property-get on " << propertyName << " (" << hr << " - " << TranslateError(hr);
if (hr == DISP_E_EXCEPTION)
errorMessage << " exception: " << excepInfo.wCode << " - " << excepInfo.bstrDescription;
errorMessage << " )";
throw ActiveXException(errorMessage.str());
}
}
else
{
va_end(marker);
delete [] pArgs;
throw ActiveXException(string("Failed to get DISPID of property ") + propertyName);
}
}
//----------------------------------------------------------------------
VARIANT ActiveX::CallMethod(IDispatch * on, LPOLESTR oleMethodName, int cArgs...)
{
va_list marker;
va_start(marker, cArgs);
VARIANT *pArgs = new VARIANT[cArgs+1];
char name[256];
WideCharToMultiByte(CP_ACP, 0, oleMethodName, -1, name, 256, NULL, NULL);
string methodName(name);
DISPID dispId;
HRESULT hr = on->GetIDsOfNames(IID_NULL, &oleMethodName, 1, LOCALE_USER_DEFAULT, &dispId);
if (SUCCEEDED(hr))
{
// Extract arguments...
for(int i=0; i<cArgs; i++)
pArgs[i] = va_arg(marker, VARIANT);
// Build DISPPARAMS
DISPPARAMS dp = { NULL, NULL, 0, 0 };
dp.cArgs = cArgs;
dp.rgvarg = pArgs;
// Make the call!
EXCEPINFO excepInfo;
VARIANT result;
hr = on->Invoke(dispId, IID_NULL, LOCALE_SYSTEM_DEFAULT,
DISPATCH_METHOD, &dp, &result, &excepInfo, NULL);
if(SUCCEEDED(hr))
return result;
else
{
va_end(marker);
delete [] pArgs;
stringstream errorMessage;
errorMessage << "Failed to call method " << methodName << " (" << hr << " - " << TranslateError(hr);
if (hr == DISP_E_EXCEPTION)
errorMessage << " exception: " << excepInfo.wCode << " - " << excepInfo.bstrDescription;
errorMessage << " )";
throw ActiveXException(errorMessage.str());
}
}
else
{
va_end(marker);
delete [] pArgs;
throw ActiveXException(string("Failed to get DISPID of method ") + methodName);
}
}
//----------------------------------------------------------------------
string ActiveX::TranslateError(HRESULT error)
{
return _errorTranslations[error];
}
//----------------------------------------------------------------------
ActiveX 是一个纯静态类
编辑2：看起来这不是一个与C++相关的问题。我想确保释放资源不是问题所在。所以我在 VBS 中复制了我的代码（射击我）：
Set objFSO = CreateObject("Scripting.FileSystemObject")
If Not objFSO.FileExists("out.log") Then
objFSO.CreateTextFile("out.log")
End If
Set objLog = objFSO.OpenTextFile("out.log", 2, True)
Set objOutlook = CreateObject("Outlook.Application")
Set objSession = objOutlook.Session
Set objAddressLists = objSession.AddressLists
objLog.WriteLine("--- Found " + CStr(objAddressLists.Count) + " AddressLists")
For i = 1 To objAddressLists.Count
objLog.WriteLine("--- AddressList " + CStr(i))
Set objAddressList = objAddressLists.Item(i)
objLog.WriteLine("+++ AddressListName = " + objAddressList.Name)
Set objAddressEntries = objAddressList.AddressEntries
objLog.WriteLine("--- AddressList has " + CStr(objAddressEntries.Count) + " AddressEntries")
For j = 1 To objAddressEntries.Count
objLog.WriteLine("--- AddressEntry " + CStr(i) + "." + CStr(j))
Set objAddressEntry = objAddressEntries.Item(j)
If objAddressEntry.AddressEntryUserType = olExchangeUserAddressEntry Then
Set objExchangeUser = objAddressEntry.GetExchangeUser()
objLog.WriteLine("Exchangeuser: " + _
objExchangeUser.FirstName + "|" + _
objExchangeUser.LastName + "|" + _
objExchangeUser.StreetAddress + "|" + _
objExchangeUser.PostalCode + "|" + _
objExchangeUser.City + "|" + _
objExchangeUser.CompanyName + "|" + _
objExchangeUser.Department + "|" + _
objExchangeUser.JobTitle + "|" + _
objExchangeUser.BusinessTelephoneNumber + "|" + _
objExchangeUser.MobileTelephoneNumber + "|" + _
objExchangeUser.Address)
Set objExchangeUser = Nothing
ElseIf objAddressEntry.AddressEntryUserType = olOutlookContactAddressEntry Then
Set objContact = objAddressEntry.GetContact()
objLog.WriteLine("Contactuser: " + _
objContact.FirstName + "|" + _
objContact.LastName + "|" + _
objContact.MailingAddressStreet + "|" + _
objContact.MailingAddressPostOfficeBox + "|" + _
objContact.MailingAddressPostalCode + "|" + _
objContact.MailingAddressCity + "|" + _
objContact.CompanyName + "|" + _
objContact.Department + "|" + _
objContact.JobTitle + "|" + _
objContact.PrimaryTelephoneNumber + "|" + _
objContact.OtherTelephoneNumber + "|" + _
objContact.BusinessFaxNumber + "|" + _
objContact.Email1Address)
Set objContact = Nothing
End If
Set objAddressEntry = Nothing
Next
Set objAddressEntries = Nothing
Set objAddressList = Nothing
Next
objTextFile.Close
MsgBox "Done"
你猜怎么着：我也收到了错误！！只有VBS似乎给了我一些额外的信息：有时我会得到：
错误：服务器引发异常代码：80010105来源：（空）
有时我会得到：
错误：远程过程调用失败代码： 800706BE来源：（空）
另外：错误后，Outlook 完全崩溃：-|
帮助！
您需要让位于调度程序，以便宏不会终止。有几种方法可以解决这个问题，但我发现将DoEvents与Sleep()结合起来似乎可以解决这个问题。
这可能需要根据您的环境设置和性能需求进行一些调整。
屈服钩
For j = 1 To objAddressEntries.Count
' allow other events to trigger
For intWait = 1 To 15000
DoEvents
Next
' Yield to other events
If (j Mod 50 = 0) Then
Sleep (5000)
End If
' process address entry
'...
Next
睡眠依赖（位于模块子组件的顶部）
Declare Sub Sleep Lib "kernel32" (ByVal dwMilliseconds As Long)
错误是RPC_S_CALL_FAILED和RPC_E_SERVERFAULT。这表示您打开的对象过多并且 RPC 通道用完（限制由 Exchange 服务器施加）。一旦使用完所有 Outlook 对象，请立即释放它们，并避免使用多个点表示法（这会创建无法显式引用和释放的隐式变量）。
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- 从 c++ 通过 activex 读取 Outlook 通讯簿会随机返回未知错误
