克鲁斯卡尔的算法实现

Kruskal's algorithm implementation

本文关键字:算法 实现 克鲁斯      更新时间:2023-10-16

我正在C++中实现Kriskal的算法,但是...

DAA.exe 中0x0127160d处未处理的异常:0xC0000005:访问冲突读取位置0xdd2021d4。

它在getRoot函数中的这一行停止:

while(cities[root].prev != NO_PARENT(

我认为问题出在城市数组中的数据上。当我在数组中打印所有数据时,这不是我想要的。城市的名称是这样的"══════════════════¤¤¤ФалЗЎ■ю■"和数字(int( - 像这样(-842150451(。下面是完整的代码。

#include<iostream>
#include<cstdio>
#include<algorithm>
#include<cstring>
#define NO_PARENT -1
struct city {
    char name[11];
    int prev;
};
struct path {
    unsigned i, j, price;
};
bool comparsion(path p1, path p2) {
    return p1.price > p2.price;
}
int getRoot(city *cities, int cityNumber) {
    int root = cityNumber, tmp;
    while(cities[root].prev != NO_PARENT)
        root = cities[root].prev;
    while(cityNumber != root) {
        tmp = cityNumber;
        cityNumber = cities[cityNumber].prev;
        cities[tmp].prev = root;
    }
    return root;
}
bool isListed(city *cities, int n, char cityName[]) {
    for(int i = 0; i < n; i++)
        if(strcmp(cities[i].name, cityName))
            return true;
    return false;
}
int getCityNumber(city *cities, int n, char cityName[]) {
    for(int i = 0; i < n; i++)
        if(strcmp(cities[i].name, cityName))
            return i;
    return NO_PARENT;
}
int minPrice(city *cities, path *paths, int cityCount, int pathCount) {
    unsigned minPrice = 0;
    // sort paths by price
    std::sort(paths, &paths[pathCount-1], comparsion);
    for(int k = 0; k < pathCount; k++) {
        printf("path: %d - %dn", paths[k].i, paths[k].j);
        int c1 = getRoot(cities, paths[k].i), c2 = getRoot(cities, paths[k].j);
        if(c1 != c2) {
            minPrice += paths[k].price;
            cities[c2].prev = c1;
        }
    }
    return minPrice;
}
    int main() {
    int n, m, k;
    do {
        scanf("%d %d %d", &n, &m, &k);
    } while(n < 2 || n > 10001 || m < -1 || m > 100001 || k < -1 || k > 100001);
    city* cities = (city*)malloc(n*sizeof(city));
    path* paths = (path*)malloc((m + k)*sizeof(path));
    int addCities = 0;
    char city1[11], city2[11];
    for(int i = 0; i < (m + k); i++) {
        scanf("%s %s", city1, city2);
        if(addCities < n && !isListed(cities, n, city1)) { // if city1 is not into cities
            // add it
            strcpy(cities[addCities].name, city1);
            cities[addCities].prev = NO_PARENT;
            addCities++;
        }
        paths[i].i = getCityNumber(cities, n, city1); // number of city1
        if(addCities < n && !isListed(cities, n, city2)) { // if city2 is not into cities
            // add it
            strcpy(cities[addCities].name, city2);
            cities[addCities].prev = NO_PARENT;
            addCities++;
        }
        paths[i].j = getCityNumber(cities, n, city1); // number of city2
        if(i >= m)
            scanf("%d", &paths[i].price);
    }
    for(int i = 0; i < (m + k); i++)
        printf("%s: %dn", cities[i].name, cities[i].prev);
    // Calculate min price
    printf("%d ", minPrice(cities, paths, n, k + m));
    system("pause");
    return 0;
}

在isListed((和getCityNumber((中,使用strcmp((来检查字符串的相等性。你这样做的方式有两个问题:

  1. 当两个字符串相等时,strcmp 返回 0,因此您需要检查 if( strcmp(...( == 0 (。这是C语言中这些奇怪的东西之一。
  2. 错误定位后,您需要将 cities[i].name 设置为例如"未命名"或只是"\0"。否则,strcmp 将在未初始化的字符串上被调用 - 如果它们在 11 个字符内不包含空字符,它将失败。在 malloc 行后添加以下代码:

    for( int i = 0 ; i < n ; ++ i ) {
        cities[ i ].name[ 0 ] = '';
        cities[ i ].parent    = NO_PARENT;
    }
    
你必须

初始化"cities"。n 个城市之间有 (m+k( 条路径,但这并不一定意味着所有 n 个城市都包含在这些路径中,因为您已将城市的 prev 成员设置为NO_PARENT每当它被列为 city1 或 city2 时,当一个城市从未被列为其 prev 成员时,它将未定义,当您将其用作 getRoot 函数中的索引时while(cities[root].prev != NO_PARENT) root = cities[root].prev;这会导致问题。