如何让OpenGL Hello World为OSX工作

How to get an OpenGL Hello World working for OSX?

本文关键字：OSX 工作 World Hello OpenGL      更新时间：2023-10-16

我一直在尝试在OSX Lion上编译Hello World OpenGL应用程序。我试着用g++ main.cpp -o test -lglut 编译以下文件

#include <GL/glut.h>
void displayMe(void)
{
    glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT);
    glBegin(GL_POLYGON);
        glVertex3f(0.0, 0.0, 0.0);
        glVertex3f(0.5, 0.0, 0.0);
        glVertex3f(0.5, 0.5, 0.0);
        glVertex3f(0.0, 0.5, 0.0);
    glEnd();
    glFlush();
}
int main(int argc, char** argv)
{
    glutInit(&argc, argv);
    glutInitDisplayMode(GLUT_SINGLE);
    glutInitWindowSize(300, 300);
    glutInitWindowPosition(100, 100);
    glutCreateWindow("Hello world :D");
    glutDisplayFunc(displayMe);
    glutMainLoop();
    return 0;
}

但我得到以下错误：

   In file included from /usr/local/include/GL/glut.h:17,
                 from main.cpp:1:
/usr/local/include/GL/freeglut_std.h:122:19: error: GL/gl.h: No such file or directory
/usr/local/include/GL/freeglut_std.h:123:20: error: GL/glu.h: No such file or directory
In file included from /usr/local/include/GL/glut.h:17,
                 from main.cpp:1:
/usr/local/include/GL/freeglut_std.h:439: error: variable or field ‘glutUseLayer’ declared void
/usr/local/include/GL/freeglut_std.h:439: error: ‘GLenum’ was not declared in this scope
/usr/local/include/GL/freeglut_std.h:498: error: ‘GLenum’ was not declared in this scope
/usr/local/include/GL/freeglut_std.h:499: error: ‘GLenum’ was not declared in this scope
/usr/local/include/GL/freeglut_std.h:501: error: ‘GLenum’ was not declared in this scope
/usr/local/include/GL/freeglut_std.h:516: error: variable or field ‘glutWireCube’ declared void
/usr/local/include/GL/freeglut_std.h:516: error: ‘GLdouble’ was not declared in this scope
/usr/local/include/GL/freeglut_std.h:517: error: variable or field ‘glutSolidCube’ declared void
/usr/local/include/GL/freeglut_std.h:517: error: ‘GLdouble’ was not declared in this scope
/usr/local/include/GL/freeglut_std.h:518: error: variable or field ‘glutWireSphere’ declared void
/usr/local/include/GL/freeglut_std.h:518: error: ‘GLdouble’ was not declared in this scope
/usr/local/include/GL/freeglut_std.h:518: error: ‘GLint’ was not declared in this scope
/usr/local/include/GL/freeglut_std.h:518: error: ‘GLint’ was not declared in this scope
/usr/local/include/GL/freeglut_std.h:519: error: variable or field ‘glutSolidSphere’ declared void
/usr/local/include/GL/freeglut_std.h:519: error: ‘GLdouble’ was not declared in this scope
/usr/local/include/GL/freeglut_std.h:519: error: ‘GLint’ was not declared in this scope
/usr/local/include/GL/freeglut_std.h:519: error: ‘GLint’ was not declared in this scope
/usr/local/include/GL/freeglut_std.h:520: error: variable or field ‘glutWireCone’ declared void
/usr/local/include/GL/freeglut_std.h:520: error: ‘GLdouble’ was not declared in this scope
/usr/local/include/GL/freeglut_std.h:520: error: ‘GLdouble’ was not declared in this scope
/usr/local/include/GL/freeglut_std.h:520: error: ‘GLint’ was not declared in this scope
/usr/local/include/GL/freeglut_std.h:520: error: ‘GLint’ was not declared in this scope
/usr/local/include/GL/freeglut_std.h:521: error: variable or field ‘glutSolidCone’ declared void
/usr/local/include/GL/freeglut_std.h:521: error: ‘GLdouble’ was not declared in this scope
/usr/local/include/GL/freeglut_std.h:521: error: ‘GLdouble’ was not declared in this scope
/usr/local/include/GL/freeglut_std.h:521: error: ‘GLint’ was not declared in this scope
/usr/local/include/GL/freeglut_std.h:521: error: ‘GLint’ was not declared in this scope
/usr/local/include/GL/freeglut_std.h:523: error: variable or field ‘glutWireTorus’ declared void
/usr/local/include/GL/freeglut_std.h:523: error: ‘GLdouble’ was not declared in this scope
/usr/local/include/GL/freeglut_std.h:523: error: ‘GLdouble’ was not declared in this scope
/usr/local/include/GL/freeglut_std.h:523: error: ‘GLint’ was not declared in this scope
/usr/local/include/GL/freeglut_std.h:523: error: ‘GLint’ was not declared in this scope
/usr/local/include/GL/freeglut_std.h:524: error: variable or field ‘glutSolidTorus’ declared void
/usr/local/include/GL/freeglut_std.h:524: error: ‘GLdouble’ was not declared in this scope
/usr/local/include/GL/freeglut_std.h:524: error: ‘GLdouble’ was not declared in this scope
/usr/local/include/GL/freeglut_std.h:524: error: ‘GLint’ was not declared in this scope
/usr/local/include/GL/freeglut_std.h:524: error: ‘GLint’ was not declared in this scope
/usr/local/include/GL/freeglut_std.h:537: error: variable or field ‘glutWireTeapot’ declared void
/usr/local/include/GL/freeglut_std.h:537: error: ‘GLdouble’ was not declared in this scope
/usr/local/include/GL/freeglut_std.h:538: error: variable or field ‘glutSolidTeapot’ declared void
/usr/local/include/GL/freeglut_std.h:538: error: ‘GLdouble’ was not declared in this scope
/usr/local/include/GL/freeglut_std.h:546: error: ‘GLenum’ was not declared in this scope
/usr/local/include/GL/freeglut_std.h:551: error: ‘GLenum’ was not declared in this scope
/usr/local/include/GL/freeglut_std.h:560: error: ‘GLfloat’ has not been declared
/usr/local/include/GL/freeglut_std.h:560: error: ‘GLfloat’ has not been declared
/usr/local/include/GL/freeglut_std.h:560: error: ‘GLfloat’ has not been declared
/usr/local/include/GL/freeglut_std.h:561: error: ‘GLfloat’ does not name a type
main.cpp: In function ‘void displayMe()’:
main.cpp:5: error: ‘GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT’ was not declared in this scope
main.cpp:5: error: ‘glClear’ was not declared in this scope
main.cpp:6: error: ‘GL_POLYGON’ was not declared in this scope
main.cpp:6: error: ‘glBegin’ was not declared in this scope
main.cpp:7: error: ‘glVertex3f’ was not declared in this scope
main.cpp:11: error: ‘glEnd’ was not declared in this scope
main.cpp:12: error: ‘glFlush’ was not declared in this scope

Mac OS X是一个非常非标准的平台。您遇到过其中一种情况。特别是，您不使用OSX上的GL和GLUT库进行链接，而是使用适当的框架：-framework OpenGL和-framework GLUT，而不是-lGL和-lglut

在你的代码中，你应该有这样的东西：

#ifdef __APPLE__
# include <OpenGL/gl.h>
# include <OpenGL/glu.h>
# include <GLUT/glut.h>
#else
# include <GL/gl.h>
# include <GL/glu.h>
# include <GL/glut.h>
#endif

一般来说，你需要更多的#ifdef __APPLE__技巧来编写在OSX和其他更标准的平台上工作的代码。但这应该涵盖了OS X的大部分基础。还要注意，任何使用glew或类似库的东西都应该在OS X上完全预处理；您（通常）不会在OS X上运行时加载扩展。

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