Multimap clears

Multimap clears

本文关键字:clears Multimap      更新时间:2023-10-16

下面是我使用多映射创建的一个简单事件系统;当我使用CEvents::Add(..)方法时,它应该插入并进入多映射。问题是,当我触发这些事件时,多映射似乎是空的。我确信我没有调用delete方法[CEvents::Remove]。这是代码:

//Code:
..
CEvents Ev;
Ev.Add("onButtonBReleased",OutputFST);
..
// "CEvents.h"
class CEvents
{
public:
    void            Add                     ( string EventName, void(*fn)(void));   
    void            Remove                  ( string EventName, void(*fn)(void));
    void            Trigger                 ( string EventName );
//protected:
    bool            Found;
    std::multimap<string,void(*)(void)> EventsMap;
    std::multimap<string,void(*)(void)>::iterator EvMapIt;
};

//CEvents.cpp
void CEvents::Add (string EventName, void (*fn)(void))
{
if (!EventsMap.empty())
{
    Found = false;
    for (EvMapIt = EventsMap.begin(); EvMapIt != EventsMap.end(); EvMapIt++)
    {
        if ((EvMapIt->first == EventName) && (EvMapIt->second == fn))
        {
        CTools tools;
        tools.ErrorOut("Function already bound to same event... Not registering event");
                Found = true;
            } 
        }
        if (!Found)
        {
            EventsMap.insert(std::pair<string,void(*)(void)>(EventName,fn));
            std::cout<<"Added, with size "<<(int) EventsMap.size()<<std::endl; //Getting 1
        }
}
else
{
    EventsMap.insert (std::pair<string,void(*)(void)>(EventName,fn));
    std::cout<<"Added, with size "<<(int) EventsMap.size()<<std::endl; //Getting 1
}
}
void CEvents::Trigger (string EventName)
{
std::cout<<"Triggering init"<<std::endl;
std::cout<<(int) EventsMap.size()<<std::endl; //Getting 0
for (EvMapIt = EventsMap.begin(); EvMapIt != EventsMap.end(); EvMapIt++)
    {
        std::cout<<"Triggering proc"<<std::endl;
        if (EvMapIt->first == EventName)
    EvMapIt->second();
}
}

它不应该是一个代码审查网站,但我忍不住。。。

// "CEvents.h"
class CEvents
{
public:
    typedef void (*Callback)(void);
    // 1. Don't use `using namespace` in header files
    // 2. Pass by const reference to avoid a copy
    // 3. Function Pointers are easier to deal with when typedef'd
    void Add(std::string const& EventName, Callback fn);
    void Remove(std::string const& EventName, Callback fn);
    void Trigger(std::string const& EventName);
// Attributes should be `private` or `public`, `protected` is for functions.
// If you read otherwise, consider how this violates encapsulation.
//protected:
private: // cause nobody's touching my stuff lest they break it!
    // useless in this class, should be local variables in the routines
    // bool Found;
    // MapType::iterator EvMapIt;
    // typedef make life easier, spelling that out each time is just tiring.
    typedef std::multimap<std::string, Callback> MapType;
    MapType EventsMap;
};

好吧,让我们来看看源文件。

//CEvents.cpp
// Whole rewrite to use idiomatic interfaces
void CEvents::Add(std::string const& EventName, Callback fn)
{
    // Retrieve the range of callbacks registered for "EventName"
    std::pair<MapType::iterator, MapType::iterator> const range =
        EventsMap.equal_range(EventName);
    // Check that this callback is not already registered.
    for (MapType::iterator it = range.first, end = range.second;
         it != end; ++it)
    {
        if (it->second == fn) {
            // Are you sure `ErrorOut` should not be a free function
            // or at least a `static` function ?
            // It feels weird instantiating this class.
            CTools tools;
            tools.ErrorOut("Function already bound to same event..."
                           " Not registering event");
            // If it is in there, nothing to do, so let's stop.
            return;
        }
    }
    // If we are here, then we need to add it.
    // Let's give a hint for insertion, while we are at it.
    EventsMap.insert(range.second, std::make_pair(EventName, fn));
    // the (int) cast was C-like (bah...) and unnecessary anyway
    std::cout << "Added, with size " << EventsMap.size() << std::endl; 
}

void CEvents::Trigger (std::string const& EventName)
{
    std::cout << "Triggering init" << std::endl;
    std::cout <<  EventsMap.size() << std::endl; //Getting 0
    // Retrieve the range of callbacks registered for `EventName`
    std::pair<MapType::const_iterator, MapType::const_terator> const range =
        EventsMap.equal_range(EventName);
    // Call each callback in turn
    for (MapType::const_iterator it = range.first, end = range.second;
         it != end; ++it)
    {
        it->second();
    }
}

当然,它可能不能解决你的问题,但它比它应该帮助缩小范围的短得多。

当然,使用std::set<std::pair<std::string, Callback>>可能更简单,因为它可以自动确保(EventName, fn)对的唯一性。。。不过,调度事件的代码会稍微复杂一些,所以不确定它是否会成功(代码方面或性能方面)。

这不是如何使用映射。您可以find( key ),这可能比迭代集合中的所有元素更快。如果您想确保密钥是唯一的,那么您可以使用普通映射,而不是多映射,后者明确用于将重复密钥存储为唯一实体。

编辑:根据您的评论更新密钥不应该是唯一的。然后应该使用lower_boundupper_bound进行搜索,这比检查所有键要好,因为find(来自内存)只返回lower_bound。或者,您可以迭代equal range的结果(正如Mark在评论中建议的那样),这将导致相同的结果。

只要浏览一下您的代码(由于缺少eraseclearswap调用),我想您的问题是将元素添加到集合中,而不是将它们"清空"。

顺便说一句,为了让它更快,当你找到项目时,最好打破你的for:

for (EvMapIt = EventsMap.begin(); EvMapIt != EventsMap.end(); EvMapIt++)
{
    if ((EvMapIt->first == EventName) && (EvMapIt->second == fn))
    {
            CTools tools;
            tools.ErrorOut("Function already bound to same event... Not registering event");
            Found = true;
            break;
    } 
 }

编辑:"insert成员函数返回一个迭代器,该迭代器指向新元素插入多映射的位置。"(msdn)

为了确保插入正确,请定制insert的返回值。

好的,终于解决了;供将来参考:

实际情况是,每次声明实例时,都会重新定义多映射。解决方案是创建一个指向类的全局指针。

感谢所有回答的人!