变量周围的堆栈"variable name"已损坏C++

stack around the variable "variable name" was corrupted C++

本文关键字:name 已损坏 C++ variable 变量 堆栈 周围      更新时间:2023-10-16

我有一段代码,应该是大学里一个项目的mips处理器的汇编程序
现在我的问题是,当执行程序时,一切都很顺利,直到程序退出主程序,它会抛出这个错误:

变量CCD_ 1周围的堆栈已损坏。

这个错误是在退出main时抛出的,我在任何地方都找不到有效的解决方案。

下面是我的代码示例:

#include <iostream>
#include <fstream>
#include <string>
#include <bitset>
using namespace std;
//function to convert string to binary
bool tobool(char x)
{
    if (x == '0')
        return 0;
    else
        return 1;
}
//function to decode the register name into an address using call by refrence to modify the instruction boolean encoding array
void register_encode(string Register, bool &address2, bool &address3, bool &address4, bool &address5, bool &address6)
{
    if (Register == "$zero")
    {
        address2 = 0;   address3 = 0;   address4 = 0;   address5 = 0;   address6 = 0;
    }
    else if (Register == "$t3")
    {
        address2 = 0; address3 = 1; address4 = 0; address5 = 1; address6 = 1;
    }
    else if (Register == "$s2")
    {
        address2 = 1; address3 = 0; address4 = 0; address5 = 1; address6 = 0;
    }
}
//function to count the number of occurence of commas (,) inside the string
int count_commas(string s) {
    int count = 0;
    for (int i = 0; i < s.size(); i++)
        if (s[i] == ',') count++;
    return count;
}
void main()
{
    int numberofinstruction = 0;
    string testingstring;
    string line[64];
    ifstream myfile;
    myfile.open("test.txt");
    // taking input from file into an array "line" which holds every single line inside the array in a single element inside the array
    while (getline(myfile, testingstring))
    {
        line[numberofinstruction] = testingstring;
        numberofinstruction++;
    }
    myfile.close();
    //transform to binary
    bool binaryinstruction[31];
    string firstterm, secondterm, thirdterm, fourthterm;
    for (int counter = 0; counter<numberofinstruction; counter++)
    {
        switch (count_commas(line[counter])) {
        case 1:
            firstterm = line[counter].substr(0, line[counter].find(" "));
            secondterm = line[counter].substr(line[counter].find(" ") + 1, line[counter].find(",") - line[counter].find(" ") - 1);
            thirdterm = line[counter].substr(line[counter].find(",") + 1, line[counter].size() - line[counter].find(","));
            if (firstterm == "lw")
            {   //LW encoding
                binaryinstruction[0] = 1;
                binaryinstruction[1] = 0;
                binaryinstruction[2] = 0;
                binaryinstruction[3] = 0;
                binaryinstruction[4] = 1;
                binaryinstruction[5] = 1;
                register_encode(secondterm, binaryinstruction[11], binaryinstruction[12], binaryinstruction[13], binaryinstruction[14], binaryinstruction[15]);
                string offset = thirdterm.substr(0, thirdterm.find('('));
                offset = bitset<16>(stoi(offset)).to_string();
                for (int x = 0; x <= 15; x++)
                {
                    binaryinstruction[16 + x] = tobool(offset[x]);
                }
                string lwregister = thirdterm.substr(thirdterm.find('$'), thirdterm.size() - thirdterm.find('(') - 2);
                register_encode(lwregister, binaryinstruction[6], binaryinstruction[7], binaryinstruction[8], binaryinstruction[9], binaryinstruction[10]);
            }
            else
            {   //SW encoding
                binaryinstruction[0] = 1;
                binaryinstruction[1] = 0;
                binaryinstruction[2] = 1;
                binaryinstruction[3] = 0;
                binaryinstruction[4] = 1;
                binaryinstruction[5] = 1;
                //begin
                register_encode(secondterm, binaryinstruction[11], binaryinstruction[12], binaryinstruction[13], binaryinstruction[14], binaryinstruction[15]);
                string offset = thirdterm.substr(0, thirdterm.find('('));
                offset = bitset<16>(stoi(offset)).to_string();
                for (int x = 0; x <= 15; x++)
                {
                    binaryinstruction[16 + x] = tobool(offset[x]);
                }
                string lwregister = thirdterm.substr(thirdterm.find('$'), thirdterm.size() - thirdterm.find('(') - 2);
                register_encode(lwregister, binaryinstruction[6], binaryinstruction[7], binaryinstruction[8], binaryinstruction[9], binaryinstruction[10]);
                //end
            }
            break;
        }
    }
    //testing
    ofstream myfile2("testout.txt");
    for (int f = 0; f <= 31; f = f + 8)
    {
        myfile2 << binaryinstruction[f] << binaryinstruction[f + 1] << binaryinstruction[f + 2] << binaryinstruction[f + 3] << binaryinstruction[f + 4] << binaryinstruction[f + 5] << binaryinstruction[f + 6] << binaryinstruction[f + 7] << endl;
    }
    //end testing
}

在测试文件中,我有一行是lw $t3,4($s2),要在测试文件内写入的输出是:

10001110
01001011
00000000
00000100

我的问题是访问不存在的数组的索引我忘了在C++中识别数组时,键入数组中元素的数量,而不是数组的最后一个索引。让我感到困惑的是抛出错误的地方,当使用断点进行调试时,它会在退出void main()时抛出异常,而不是在访问未识别的数组元素时抛出异常。

与大多数其他高级语言不同,C++不一定执行数组索引检查。因此,索引错误会导致未定义的行为。在您的情况下,这会在退出时产生一条消息,但这种类型的错误通常会完全未报告。

不过,有一些解决方案,特别是使用更现代的数组类型容器,如std::arraystd::vector。出于速度优化的原因,这些也不在默认操作模式下执行索引检查,但是有一些方法可以启用它。请参阅我的答案。

这不是一个答案,但不能放入注释中

我们开始。。。

bool tobool(char x)
{
    if (x == '0')
        return 0;
    else
        return 1;

应该是

bool tobool(char x)
{
   return x == '0'? false : true;
}

然后

 void register_encode(string Register, bool &address2, bool &address3, bool &address4, bool &address5, bool &address6)

应该是

void register_encode(const std::string& Register, bool &address2, bool &address3, bool &address4, bool &address5, bool &address6)

同上,带

count_commas

我确信std::string中有一种方法可以实现

还有

void main()

应该是

 int main()