DirectX-带实例化模具体积的延迟着色

DirectX - Deferred Shading w/Instanced Stencil Volumes

本文关键字：延迟实例化 DirectX- 更新时间：2023-10-16

我正在使用DXUT使用DirectX9创建一个图形应用程序。在我的应用程序中，我希望实现延迟着色。这种照明方法要求我为场景中的每个灯光渲染一个模具体积（遮罩）。为了避免单独渲染卷，我希望使用DirectX的实例化功能。使用顶点着色器3.0和像素着色器3.0，我已经成功地绘制了任何给定模型的多个实例，但是，当我尝试绘制实例化的模具体积时，似乎没有数据写入后缓冲区的深度模具表面。

我在伪代码中实现的延迟着色如下：

将所有场景几何体（实例化几何体过程）绘制到后台缓冲区：

启用Z（D3DRS_ZENABLE，TRUE）
启用ZWrites（D3DRS_ZWRITENABLE，TRUE）
禁用模具（D3DRS_STENCILENABLE，FALSE）
设置CullMode（D3DRS_CullMode、D3DCULL_CCW）
禁用ColorWrites（D3DRS_COLORWRITENABLE，0）
禁用字母混合（D3DRS_ALPHABLENDENABLE，FALSE）
渲染场景

获取指向后台缓冲区的指针：

IDirect3DDevice9:：GetRenderTarget（0，pBackbufferSurface）

设置3个渲染目标（COLOR（0）、NORMAL（1）、POSITION（2））：

IDirect3DDevice9:：SetRenderTarget（0->2，COLOR->POSITION）

绘制3个渲染目标的所有场景几何体：

启用ColorWrites（D3DRS_COLORWRITENABLE、CW_RED、CW_GREEN、，CW_BLUE，CW_ALPHA）
渲染场景

将后台缓冲区重置为设备RenderTarget 0:

IDirect3DDevice9:：SetRenderTarget（0，pBackbufferSurface）

将效果纹理（SrcColor）设置为COLOR渲染目标

ID3DXEffect:：SetTexture（"g_TextureSrcColor"，pRTColor）

从COLOR渲染目标渲染全屏四边形和采样（绘制场景）

使用实例化技术（此处为实际代码）对所有场景灯光进行模板处理：

// set the instance buffer vertex declaration
    hr = pd3dDevice->SetVertexDeclaration( CContentManager::GetInstanceBufferVertexDeclaration() );
    if( FAILED( hr ) )
    {
        DebugStringDX( ClassName, "Failed to IDirect3DDevice9::SetVertexDeclaration( instances )at RenderScene()", __LINE__, hr );
        return hr;
    }
    // render instances of each light( sphere and cone )
    for( UINT i = 0; i < 2; ++i )
    {
        // point to base model
        CXModel *pXBase = ( CXModel* )pCM->GetAppObject( i );
        if( !pXBase )
        {
            DebugStringDX( ClassName, 
                "Failed to retrieve the base light model at index( " + ToString( i ) + " ) at Render()", 
                __LINE__,
                E_POINTER );
            continue;
        }
        // if the model has no instances
        //      there is no reason to try and draw
        UINT ucInstances = pXBase->GetNumInstances();
        if( ucInstances < 1 )
            continue;
        // Set up the geometry data stream
        hr = pd3dDevice->SetStreamSourceFreq( 0,
            ( D3DSTREAMSOURCE_INDEXEDDATA | ucInstances ) );
        if( FAILED( hr ) )
        {
            DebugStringDX( ClassName, "Failed to IDirect3DDevice9::SetStreamSourceFreq( source )( index - " + ToString( i ) + " ) at RenderScene()", __LINE__, hr );
            continue;
        }
        // Set up the instance data stream
        IDirect3DVertexBuffer9 *pVBInstances = pXBase->GetInstanceBuffer();
        hr = pd3dDevice->SetStreamSource( 1, pVBInstances, 0, 
            sizeof( CXModel::sInstanceEntry ) );
        if( FAILED( hr ) )
        {
            DebugStringDX( ClassName, "Failed to IDirect3DDevice9::SetStreamSource( instances )( index - " + ToString( i ) + " ) at RenderScene()", __LINE__, hr );
            continue;
        }
        hr = pd3dDevice->SetStreamSourceFreq( 1,
            ( D3DSTREAMSOURCE_INSTANCEDATA | 1ul ) );
        if( FAILED( hr ) )
        {
            DebugStringDX( ClassName, "Failed to IDirect3DDevice9::SetStreamSourceFreq( instances )( index - " + ToString( i ) + " ) at Render()", __LINE__, hr );
            continue;
        }
        // get light model frame root
        pFrame = pXBase->GetFrameRoot();    
        if( !pFrame )
        {
            DebugStringDX( ClassName, "Failed to CXModel::GetFrameRoot( Light Model ) at Render()", __LINE__, hr );
            continue;
        }
        //------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
        // Stencil Volume Mask Pass
        //------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
        dev.SetRenderState( D3DRS_ZENABLE, TRUE );
        dev.SetRenderState( D3DRS_ZWRITEENABLE, FALSE );
        dev.SetRenderState( D3DRS_STENCILENABLE, TRUE );
        dev.SetRenderState( D3DRS_STENCILFUNC, D3DCMP_ALWAYS );
        dev.SetRenderState( D3DRS_STENCILFAIL, D3DSTENCILOP_KEEP );
        dev.SetRenderState( D3DRS_STENCILZFAIL, D3DSTENCILOP_INCR );
        dev.SetRenderState( D3DRS_STENCILPASS, D3DSTENCILOP_KEEP );
        dev.SetRenderState( D3DRS_STENCILWRITEMASK, 0xffffffff );
        dev.SetRenderState( D3DRS_CULLMODE, D3DCULL_NONE );
        dev.SetRenderState( D3DRS_COLORWRITEENABLE, 0 );
        hr = BeginPass( CFXDeferred::STENCIL );
        if( FAILED( hr ) )
        {
            DebugStringDX( ClassName, "Failed to BeginPass( StencilVolumeMask ) at Render()", __LINE__, hr );
            continue;
        }
        // draw the light model
        hr = DrawStaticModel( pd3dDevice, pFrame, &mWorld, pmView, pmProjection, true, bRenderStrips );
        if( FAILED( hr ) )
        {
            DebugStringDX( ClassName, "Failed to DrawStaticModel( Light Model ) at Render()", __LINE__, hr );
            continue;
        }
        hr = pE->EndPass();
        if( FAILED( hr ) )
        {
            DebugStringDX( ClassName, "Failed to ID3DXEffect::EndPass() at Render()", __LINE__, hr );
            continue;
        }
        //------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
        // Diffuse Light Pass
        //------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
        dev.SetRenderState( D3DRS_ALPHABLENDENABLE, TRUE );
        dev.SetRenderState( D3DRS_SRCBLEND, D3DBLEND_ONE );
        dev.SetRenderState( D3DRS_DESTBLEND, D3DBLEND_ONE );
        dev.SetRenderState( D3DRS_ZENABLE, FALSE );
        dev.SetRenderState( D3DRS_CULLMODE, D3DCULL_CW );
        dev.SetRenderState( D3DRS_COLORWRITEENABLE, 
            D3DCOLORWRITEENABLE_RED | D3DCOLORWRITEENABLE_GREEN | D3DCOLORWRITEENABLE_BLUE | D3DCOLORWRITEENABLE_ALPHA );
        dev.SetRenderState( D3DRS_STENCILENABLE, TRUE );
        dev.SetRenderState( D3DRS_STENCILFUNC, D3DCMP_EQUAL );
        dev.SetRenderState( D3DRS_STENCILMASK, 0x1 );
        dev.SetRenderState( D3DRS_STENCILPASS, D3DSTENCILOP_ZERO );
        dev.SetRenderState( D3DRS_STENCILREF, 0x1 );
        dev.SetRenderState( D3DRS_STENCILZFAIL, D3DSTENCILOP_KEEP );
        dev.SetRenderState( D3DRS_STENCILFAIL, D3DSTENCILOP_ZERO );
        hr = BeginPass( CFXDeferred::DIFFUSELIGHTSTENCIL );
        if( FAILED( hr ) )
        {
            DebugStringDX( ClassName, "Failed to BeginPass( DiffuseSpecularLightStencilPass ) at Render()", __LINE__, hr );
            continue;
        }
        // draw light model
        hr = DrawStaticModel( pd3dDevice, pFrame, &mWorld, pmView, pmProjection, true, bRenderStrips );
        if( FAILED( hr ) )
        {
            DebugStringDX( ClassName, "Failed to DrawStaticModel( Light Model ) at Render()", __LINE__, hr );
            continue;
        }
        hr = pE->EndPass();
        if( FAILED( hr ) )
        {
            DebugStringDX( ClassName, "Failed to ID3DXEffect::EndPass() at Render()", __LINE__, hr );
            continue;
        }
    }

以下是实例缓冲区顶点声明：

// create instance vertex declaration
    D3DVERTEXELEMENT9 pElements[] = {
        { 0, 0, D3DDECLTYPE_FLOAT3, D3DDECLMETHOD_DEFAULT, D3DDECLUSAGE_POSITION, 0 },
        { 0, 12, D3DDECLTYPE_FLOAT3, D3DDECLMETHOD_DEFAULT, D3DDECLUSAGE_NORMAL, 0 },
        { 0, 24, D3DDECLTYPE_FLOAT2, D3DDECLMETHOD_DEFAULT, D3DDECLUSAGE_TEXCOORD, 0 },
        { 1, 0, D3DDECLTYPE_FLOAT4, D3DDECLMETHOD_DEFAULT, D3DDECLUSAGE_TEXCOORD, 1 },
        { 1, 16, D3DDECLTYPE_FLOAT4, D3DDECLMETHOD_DEFAULT, D3DDECLUSAGE_TEXCOORD, 2 },
        { 1, 32, D3DDECLTYPE_FLOAT4, D3DDECLMETHOD_DEFAULT, D3DDECLUSAGE_TEXCOORD, 3 },
        { 1, 48, D3DDECLTYPE_FLOAT4, D3DDECLMETHOD_DEFAULT, D3DDECLUSAGE_TEXCOORD, 4 },
        { 1, 64, D3DDECLTYPE_FLOAT2, D3DDECLMETHOD_DEFAULT, D3DDECLUSAGE_TEXCOORD, 5 },
        D3DDECL_END()
    };

这种方法在不实例化的情况下运行良好。。。实例化是否阻止深度模具写入？当我使用PIX进行调试时，它表示"Pixel未通过模具测试"。以下是在渲染前清除后台缓冲区的调用：

pd3dDevice->Clear( 0, NULL, D3DCLEAR_TARGET | D3DCLEAR_ZBUFFER | D3DCLEAR_STENCIL, D3DCOLOR_ARGB( 0, 0, 0, 0 ), 1.0f, 0 ) );

在创建设备的过程中，我修改设置以使用AutoDepthStencilFormat D3DFMT_D24S8，如下所示：

// check for D3DFMT_D24S8 AutoDepthStencilFormat
    // if present set the AutoDepthStencilFormat to D3DFMT_D24S8
    if( DXUTGetD3D9Enumeration()->GetPossibleDepthStencilFormatList()->Contains( D3DFMT_D24S8 ) )
    {
        pDeviceSettings->d3d9.pp.AutoDepthStencilFormat = D3DFMT_D24S8;
    }

如果我将IDirect3DDevice9:：Clear（）的模具参数（最后一个参数）更改为1。模具卷通过了模具测试。。。这是因为我设置了模板操作，如果体积掩模的像素与后缓冲区上的像素相交，则将模板值增加1，并且在该事件中，允许灯光的像素颜色。这表明存在两个问题之一：

在"实例化几何体过程"期间绘制场景（对象）时。。。backbuffer没有在绘制对象时存储对象的深度（因此模具测试有一个"0"值用于比较或
绘制模具体积（灯光）时，后台缓冲区不会在绘制时存储体积的深度

这是因为我的实例化方法吗？是由于着色器版本（vs3、ps3）还是DX版本？

问题是我用vs_3_0编译了顶点着色器（用于模具体积遮罩）……我把它改为vs_2_0，现在它工作得很好。。。我不明白，因为我认为有必要使用顶点着色器模型3.0和实例化。。。