SFML + OpenGL:无法绘制立方体

SFML + OpenGL: Unable to draw cube

本文关键字:绘制 立方体 OpenGL SFML      更新时间:2023-10-16

我以前使用过OpenGL,已经有一段时间了,但我没想到它这么糟糕。这段代码中我遗漏了一些东西。我只是想用cube()函数来画一个立方体。

我做过/尝试过的事…

  • 在主循环中翻转+和- z之间的转换
  • 在主循环前打开/关闭背面剔除
  • 开头的glloadiidentity ()
  • 设置我的投影在开始
  • window.resetGLStates()开始
  • window.setActive(true)在开始
  • 确保我留在glMatrixMode(GL_MODELVIEW)

我错过了什么?我只能看到我指定的清晰的颜色,它填满了屏幕,嘲弄着我。

#include <SFML/System.hpp>
#include <SFML/Window.hpp>
#include <SFML/Graphics.hpp>
#include <SFML/OpenGL.hpp>
void cube();
int gltest()
{
    sf::RenderWindow window(sf::VideoMode(800, 600), "SFML works!", sf::Style::Default);
    window.setVerticalSyncEnabled(true);
    window.setActive(true);
    window.resetGLStates();
    sf::Vector2u wsize = window.getSize();
    glClearColor(0.3f, 0.3f, 0.3f, 1.f);
    glDepthMask(true);
    glEnable(GL_DEPTH_TEST);
    //to make sure I'm not missing anything here.
    glDisable(GL_CULL_FACE);
    glMatrixMode(GL_PROJECTION);
    glViewport(0, 0, wsize.x, wsize.y);
    gluPerspective(60, (float)wsize.x / (float)wsize.y, 0.1f, 512.f);
    glMatrixMode(GL_MODELVIEW);
    glLoadIdentity();
    bool running = true;
    while(running)
    {
        sf::Event event;
        while(window.pollEvent(event))
        {
            switch(event.type)
            {
                case sf::Event::KeyPressed:
                    if(event.key.code != sf::Keyboard::Escape) { break; }
                case sf::Event::Closed:
                    running = false;
                    break;
                case sf::Event::Resized:
                    wsize.x = event.size.width;
                    wsize.y = event.size.height;
                    glMatrixMode(GL_PROJECTION);
                    glViewport(0, 0, wsize.x, wsize.y);
                    gluPerspective(60.f, (float)wsize.x / (float)wsize.y, 0.1f, 512.f);
                    glMatrixMode(GL_MODELVIEW);
                    break;
                default:
                    break;
            }
        }
        glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT);
            glPushMatrix();
            glTranslatef(0.f, 0.f, 5.f);
                cube();
            glPopMatrix();
        window.display();
    }
    return 0;
}
void cube()
{
glBegin(GL_QUADS);      // Draw The Cube Using quads
    glColor3f(0.0f,1.0f,0.0f);  // Color Green
    glNormal3f(0.f, 1.f, 0.f);
    glVertex3f( 1.0f, 1.0f,-1.0f);  // Top Right Of The Quad (Top)
    glNormal3f(0.f, 1.f, 0.f);
    glVertex3f(-1.0f, 1.0f,-1.0f);  // Top Left Of The Quad (Top)
    glNormal3f(0.f, 1.f, 0.f);
    glVertex3f(-1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f);  // Bottom Left Of The Quad (Top)
    glNormal3f(0.f, 1.f, 0.f);
    glVertex3f( 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f);  // Bottom Right Of The Quad (Top)
    glColor3f(1.0f,0.5f,0.0f);  // Color Orange
    glNormal3f(0.f, -1.f, 0.f);
    glVertex3f( 1.0f,-1.0f, 1.0f);  // Top Right Of The Quad (Bottom)
    glNormal3f(0.f, -1.f, 0.f);
    glVertex3f(-1.0f,-1.0f, 1.0f);  // Top Left Of The Quad (Bottom)
    glNormal3f(0.f, -1.f, 0.f);
    glVertex3f(-1.0f,-1.0f,-1.0f);  // Bottom Left Of The Quad (Bottom)
    glNormal3f(0.f, -1.f, 0.f);
    glVertex3f( 1.0f,-1.0f,-1.0f);  // Bottom Right Of The Quad (Bottom)
    glColor3f(1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f);    // Color Red
    glNormal3f(0.f, 0.f, 1.f);
    glVertex3f( 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f);  // Top Right Of The Quad (Front)
    glNormal3f(0.f, 0.f, 1.f);
    glVertex3f(-1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f);  // Top Left Of The Quad (Front)
    glNormal3f(0.f, 0.f, 1.f);
    glVertex3f(-1.0f,-1.0f, 1.0f);  // Bottom Left Of The Quad (Front)
    glNormal3f(0.f, 0.f, 1.f);
    glVertex3f( 1.0f,-1.0f, 1.0f);  // Bottom Right Of The Quad (Front)
    glColor3f(1.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f);    // Color Yellow
    glNormal3f(0.f, 0.f, -1.f);
    glVertex3f( 1.0f,-1.0f,-1.0f);  // Top Right Of The Quad (Back)
    glNormal3f(0.f, 0.f, -1.f);
    glVertex3f(-1.0f,-1.0f,-1.0f);  // Top Left Of The Quad (Back)
    glNormal3f(0.f, 0.f, -1.f);
    glVertex3f(-1.0f, 1.0f,-1.0f);  // Bottom Left Of The Quad (Back)
    glNormal3f(0.f, 0.f, -1.f);
    glVertex3f( 1.0f, 1.0f,-1.0f);  // Bottom Right Of The Quad (Back)
    glColor3f(0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f);    // Color Blue
    glNormal3f(-1.f, 0.f, 0.f);
    glVertex3f(-1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f);  // Top Right Of The Quad (Left)
    glNormal3f(-1.f, 0.f, 0.f);
    glVertex3f(-1.0f, 1.0f,-1.0f);  // Top Left Of The Quad (Left)
    glNormal3f(-1.f, 0.f, 0.f);
    glVertex3f(-1.0f,-1.0f,-1.0f);  // Bottom Left Of The Quad (Left)
    glNormal3f(-1.f, 0.f, 0.f);
    glVertex3f(-1.0f,-1.0f, 1.0f);  // Bottom Right Of The Quad (Left)
    glColor3f(1.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f);    // Color Violet
    glNormal3f(1.f, 0.f, 0.f);
    glVertex3f( 1.0f, 1.0f,-1.0f);  // Top Right Of The Quad (Right)
    glNormal3f(1.f, 0.f, 0.f);
    glVertex3f( 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f);  // Top Left Of The Quad (Right)
    glNormal3f(1.f, 0.f, 0.f);
    glVertex3f( 1.0f,-1.0f, 1.0f);  // Bottom Left Of The Quad (Right)
    glNormal3f(1.f, 0.f, 0.f);
    glVertex3f( 1.0f,-1.0f,-1.0f);  // Bottom Right Of The Quad (Right)
  glEnd();          // End Drawing The Cube
}

此处:

glMatrixMode(GL_PROJECTION);
glViewport(0, 0, wsize.x, wsize.y);
gluPerspective(60, (float)wsize.x / (float)wsize.y, 0.1f, 512.f);
glMatrixMode(GL_MODELVIEW);
glLoadIdentity();

:

wsize.x = event.size.width;
wsize.y = event.size.height;
glMatrixMode(GL_PROJECTION);
glViewport(0, 0, wsize.x, wsize.y);
gluPerspective(60.f, (float)wsize.x / (float)wsize.y, 0.1f, 512.f);
glMatrixMode(GL_MODELVIEW);

glMatrixMode(GL_PROJECTION)glMatrixMode(GL_MODELVIEW)呼叫后增加一个glLoadIdentity()

gluPerspective() 矩阵与当前矩阵相乘。代码似乎假设它覆盖当前矩阵。

一个gluPerspective()矩阵与自身多次相乘不是一个有意义的投影矩阵。

当你在那里时,你可以删除resize处理程序:

#include <SFML/System.hpp>
#include <SFML/Window.hpp>
#include <SFML/Graphics.hpp>
#include <SFML/OpenGL.hpp>
void cube()
{
    glBegin(GL_QUADS);      // Draw The Cube Using quads
    glColor3f(0.0f,1.0f,0.0f);  // Color Green
    glNormal3f(0.f, 1.f, 0.f);
    glVertex3f( 1.0f, 1.0f,-1.0f);  // Top Right Of The Quad (Top)
    glNormal3f(0.f, 1.f, 0.f);
    glVertex3f(-1.0f, 1.0f,-1.0f);  // Top Left Of The Quad (Top)
    glNormal3f(0.f, 1.f, 0.f);
    glVertex3f(-1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f);  // Bottom Left Of The Quad (Top)
    glNormal3f(0.f, 1.f, 0.f);
    glVertex3f( 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f);  // Bottom Right Of The Quad (Top)
    glColor3f(1.0f,0.5f,0.0f);  // Color Orange
    glNormal3f(0.f, -1.f, 0.f);
    glVertex3f( 1.0f,-1.0f, 1.0f);  // Top Right Of The Quad (Bottom)
    glNormal3f(0.f, -1.f, 0.f);
    glVertex3f(-1.0f,-1.0f, 1.0f);  // Top Left Of The Quad (Bottom)
    glNormal3f(0.f, -1.f, 0.f);
    glVertex3f(-1.0f,-1.0f,-1.0f);  // Bottom Left Of The Quad (Bottom)
    glNormal3f(0.f, -1.f, 0.f);
    glVertex3f( 1.0f,-1.0f,-1.0f);  // Bottom Right Of The Quad (Bottom)
    glColor3f(1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f);    // Color Red
    glNormal3f(0.f, 0.f, 1.f);
    glVertex3f( 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f);  // Top Right Of The Quad (Front)
    glNormal3f(0.f, 0.f, 1.f);
    glVertex3f(-1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f);  // Top Left Of The Quad (Front)
    glNormal3f(0.f, 0.f, 1.f);
    glVertex3f(-1.0f,-1.0f, 1.0f);  // Bottom Left Of The Quad (Front)
    glNormal3f(0.f, 0.f, 1.f);
    glVertex3f( 1.0f,-1.0f, 1.0f);  // Bottom Right Of The Quad (Front)
    glColor3f(1.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f);    // Color Yellow
    glNormal3f(0.f, 0.f, -1.f);
    glVertex3f( 1.0f,-1.0f,-1.0f);  // Top Right Of The Quad (Back)
    glNormal3f(0.f, 0.f, -1.f);
    glVertex3f(-1.0f,-1.0f,-1.0f);  // Top Left Of The Quad (Back)
    glNormal3f(0.f, 0.f, -1.f);
    glVertex3f(-1.0f, 1.0f,-1.0f);  // Bottom Left Of The Quad (Back)
    glNormal3f(0.f, 0.f, -1.f);
    glVertex3f( 1.0f, 1.0f,-1.0f);  // Bottom Right Of The Quad (Back)
    glColor3f(0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f);    // Color Blue
    glNormal3f(-1.f, 0.f, 0.f);
    glVertex3f(-1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f);  // Top Right Of The Quad (Left)
    glNormal3f(-1.f, 0.f, 0.f);
    glVertex3f(-1.0f, 1.0f,-1.0f);  // Top Left Of The Quad (Left)
    glNormal3f(-1.f, 0.f, 0.f);
    glVertex3f(-1.0f,-1.0f,-1.0f);  // Bottom Left Of The Quad (Left)
    glNormal3f(-1.f, 0.f, 0.f);
    glVertex3f(-1.0f,-1.0f, 1.0f);  // Bottom Right Of The Quad (Left)
    glColor3f(1.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f);    // Color Violet
    glNormal3f(1.f, 0.f, 0.f);
    glVertex3f( 1.0f, 1.0f,-1.0f);  // Top Right Of The Quad (Right)
    glNormal3f(1.f, 0.f, 0.f);
    glVertex3f( 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f);  // Top Left Of The Quad (Right)
    glNormal3f(1.f, 0.f, 0.f);
    glVertex3f( 1.0f,-1.0f, 1.0f);  // Bottom Left Of The Quad (Right)
    glNormal3f(1.f, 0.f, 0.f);
    glVertex3f( 1.0f,-1.0f,-1.0f);  // Bottom Right Of The Quad (Right)
    glEnd();          // End Drawing The Cube
}
int main()
{
    sf::RenderWindow window(sf::VideoMode(800, 600), "SFML works!", sf::Style::Default);
    window.setVerticalSyncEnabled(true);
    window.setActive(true);
    window.resetGLStates();
    bool running = true;
    while(running)
    {
        sf::Event event;
        while(window.pollEvent(event))
        {
            switch(event.type)
            {
            case sf::Event::KeyPressed:
                if(event.key.code != sf::Keyboard::Escape) { break; }
            case sf::Event::Closed:
                running = false;
                break;
            default:
                break;
            }
        }
        glClearColor(0.3f, 0.3f, 0.3f, 1.f);
        glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT);
        glMatrixMode(GL_PROJECTION);
        glLoadIdentity();
        sf::Vector2u wsize = window.getSize();
        glViewport(0, 0, wsize.x, wsize.y);
        gluPerspective(60, (float)wsize.x / (float)wsize.y, 0.1f, 512.f);
        glMatrixMode(GL_MODELVIEW);
        glLoadIdentity();
        glPushMatrix();
        glTranslatef(0.f, 0.f, -5.f);
        cube();
        glPopMatrix();
        GLenum err = glGetError();
        window.display();
    }
    return 0;
}