为什么代码被clang接受而被vc++拒绝?

Why is the code accepted by clang but rejected by vc++?

本文关键字：vc++ 拒绝 代码 clang 为什么      更新时间：2023-10-16

clang 3.4接受以下代码;而vc++ NOV 2013 CTP拒绝它，并出现一个错误:

error C2668: 'AreEqual' : ambiguous call to overloaded function

template<class headT, class... tailTypes>
constexpr headT&& __GetFirst__(headT&& value, tailTypes&&...)
{
    return static_cast<headT&&>(value);
};
template<class T>
constexpr bool AreEqual(const T& a, const T& b)
{   
    return a == b;
}
template<class headT, class... tailTypes>
constexpr bool AreEqual(const headT& head_value, const tailTypes&... tail_values)
{
    return AreEqual(head_value, __GetFirst__(tail_values...))
           && AreEqual(tail_values...);
}
int main()
{
    AreEqual(1, 1, 2, 1);  
}

哪个编译器是正确的按照c++ 14标准?

更新:完整的错误信息:

error C2668: 'AreEqual' : ambiguous call to overloaded function
1>          d:projectsktltestmain.cpp(20): could be 'bool AreEqual<headT,int>(const headT &,const int &)'
1>          with
1>          [
1>              headT=int
1>          ]
1>          d:projectsktltestmain.cpp(8): or       'bool AreEqual<headT>(const T &,const T &)'
1>          with
1>          [
1>              headT=int
1>  ,            T=int
1>          ]
1>          while trying to match the argument list '(const int, const int)'
1>
1>Build FAILED.

Clang(和GCC)的行为是正确的。你可以阅读标准§14.8.2.4 [temp. deduction .partial]，了解如何对函数模板进行偏排序，但该子条款p8给出的示例直接涵盖了这种情况:

template<class... Args> void f(Args... args); // #1
template<class T1, class... Args> void f(T1 a1, Args... args); // #2
template<class T1, class T2> void f(T1 a1, T2 a2); // #3
f(); // calls #1
f(1, 2, 3); // calls #2
f(1, 2); // calls #3; non-variadic template #3 is more
         // specialized than the variadic templates #1 and #2
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