在使用GNU Make和clang的架构x86_64中没有找到ld: symbol(s)

ld: symbol(s) not found for architecture x86_64 using GNU Make and clang

本文关键字:ld symbol Make GNU clang x86      更新时间:2023-10-16

我得到一个ld: symbol(s) not found for architecture x86_64错误。我确实在之前的帖子中做了彻底的搜索,但没有找到解决方案。

作为测试,我正在编译一个程序test.cpp:

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
int main(){
 return 0;
}

与Makefile:

CXX=g++
CXXFLAGS=-g -Wall -W -Wconversion -Wshadow -Wcast-qual -Wwrite-strings $(shell root-config --cflags --glibs)
CPPFLAGS+=-MMD -MP
LDFLAGS=-g $(shell root-config --ldflags)
LDLIBS=$(shell root-config --libs)
test.o: test.cpp
test: test.o
-include test.d

在我的linux计算机上运行make test会产生以下正确的输出:

CAM ~/Wenu $ make test
g++ -g -Wall -W -Wconversion -Wshadow -Wcast-qual -Wwrite-strings -pthread -m64 -I/cvmfs/lhcb.cern.ch/lib/RootConfig/pro/x86_64-slc5-gcc46-opt/root/include -L/cvmfs/lhcb.cern.ch/lib/RootConfig/pro/x86_64-slc5-gcc46-opt/root/lib -lGui -lCore -lCint -lRIO -lNet -lHist -lGraf -lGraf3d -lGpad -lTree -lRint -lPostscript -lMatrix -lPhysics -lMathCore -lThread -pthread -lm -ldl -rdynamic -MMD -MP  -c -o test.o test.cpp
cc -g -m64  test.o  -L/cvmfs/lhcb.cern.ch/lib/RootConfig/pro/x86_64-slc5-gcc46-opt/root/lib -lCore -lCint -lRIO -lNet -lHist -lGraf -lGraf3d -lGpad -lTree -lRint -lPostscript -lMatrix -lPhysics -lMathCore -lThread -pthread -lm -ldl -rdynamic -o test
CAM ~/Wenu $

在我的Mac上编译它在链接阶段失败,ld: symbol(s) not found for architecture x86_64错误:

MAC ~/Transmit/Wenu $ make test
g++ -g -Wall -W -Wconversion -Wshadow -Wcast-qual -Wwrite-strings -pthread -m64 -I/opt/local/root-v5-34-00/include -L/opt/local/root-v5-34-00/lib -lGui -lCore -lCint -lRIO -lNet -lHist -lGraf -lGraf3d -lGpad -lTree -lRint -lPostscript -lMatrix -lPhysics -lMathCore -lThread -lpthread -Wl,-rpath,/opt/local/root-v5-34-00/lib -lm -ldl -MMD -MP  -c -o test.o test.cpp
i686-apple-darwin11-llvm-g++-4.2: -lGui: linker input file unused because linking not done
i686-apple-darwin11-llvm-g++-4.2: -lCore: linker input file unused because linking not done
i686-apple-darwin11-llvm-g++-4.2: -lCint: linker input file unused because linking not done
i686-apple-darwin11-llvm-g++-4.2: -lRIO: linker input file unused because linking not done
i686-apple-darwin11-llvm-g++-4.2: -lNet: linker input file unused because linking not done
i686-apple-darwin11-llvm-g++-4.2: -lHist: linker input file unused because linking not done
i686-apple-darwin11-llvm-g++-4.2: -lGraf: linker input file unused because linking not done
i686-apple-darwin11-llvm-g++-4.2: -lGraf3d: linker input file unused because linking not done
i686-apple-darwin11-llvm-g++-4.2: -lGpad: linker input file unused because linking not done
i686-apple-darwin11-llvm-g++-4.2: -lTree: linker input file unused because linking not done
i686-apple-darwin11-llvm-g++-4.2: -lRint: linker input file unused because linking not done
i686-apple-darwin11-llvm-g++-4.2: -lPostscript: linker input file unused because linking not done
i686-apple-darwin11-llvm-g++-4.2: -lMatrix: linker input file unused because linking not done
i686-apple-darwin11-llvm-g++-4.2: -lPhysics: linker input file unused because linking not done
i686-apple-darwin11-llvm-g++-4.2: -lMathCore: linker input file unused because linking not done
i686-apple-darwin11-llvm-g++-4.2: -lThread: linker input file unused because linking not done
i686-apple-darwin11-llvm-g++-4.2: -lpthread: linker input file unused because linking not done
i686-apple-darwin11-llvm-g++-4.2: -rpath: linker input file unused because linking not done
i686-apple-darwin11-llvm-g++-4.2: /opt/local/root-v5-34-00/lib: linker input file unused because linking not done
i686-apple-darwin11-llvm-g++-4.2: -lm: linker input file unused because linking not done
i686-apple-darwin11-llvm-g++-4.2: -ldl: linker input file unused because linking not done
cc -g -m64  test.o  -L/opt/local/root-v5-34-00/lib -lCore -lCint -lRIO -lNet -lHist -lGraf -lGraf3d -lGpad -lTree -lRint -lPostscript -lMatrix -lPhysics -lMathCore -lThread -lpthread -Wl,-rpath,/opt/local/root-v5-34-00/lib -lm -ldl -o test
Undefined symbols for architecture x86_64:
  "std::ios_base::Init::Init()", referenced from:
      __static_initialization_and_destruction_0(int, int) in test.o
  "std::ios_base::Init::~Init()", referenced from:
      ___tcf_0 in test.o
ld: symbol(s) not found for architecture x86_64
clang: error: linker command failed with exit code 1 (use -v to see invocation)
make: *** [test] Error 1

任何帮助都将是非常感激的。

如果这是相关的,我有一个64位的Mac OS X 10.7.5,我有一个编译器,XCode的命令行工具:

MAC ~/Transmit/Wenu $ clang --version
Apple clang version 4.1 (tags/Apple/clang-421.11.66) (based on LLVM 3.1svn)
Target: x86_64-apple-darwin11.4.2
Thread model: posix

ROOT是我在程序中使用的c++库的集合。

在我的linux计算机上运行make test会产生以下正确的输出

这只在偶然情况下起作用:您正在将C++程序与cc链接。如果您使用更多的C++,它将停止在Linux上工作,例如尝试将cout << "Hello" << endl;放入main

我的文件有一个cpp扩展名,所以我不明白为什么要用cc。

因为从test.o生成test的默认make规则使用$CC,而不是$CXX

您可以通过以下几种方式之一修复此问题:

  • 强制$CC也为g++,或者
  • 在从test.o生成test时更改Makefile使用非默认规则,或
  • 使test依赖于test.cpp (make将使用正确的默认规则,如果你这样做)