如何正确地使用头文件作为一个完整的类

How to properly use a header file to be a complete class?

本文关键字:一个 正确地 文件      更新时间:2023-10-16

(初学者…)我遵循头文件的风格,工作得很好,但我试图弄清楚我是如何在编译时不断得到所有这些错误的。我正在用g++在Cygwin中编译。

Ingredient.h:8:13: error: expected unqualified-id before ‘)’ token
Ingredient.h:9:25: error: expected ‘)’ before ‘n’
Ingredient.h:19:15: error: declaration of ‘std::string <anonymous class>::name’
Ingredient.h:12:14: error: conflicts with previous declaration ‘std::string<anonymous class>::name()’
Ingredient.h:20:7: error: declaration of ‘int <anonymous class>::quantity’
Ingredient.h:13:6: error: conflicts with previous declaration ‘int<anonymous class>::quantity()’
Ingredient.h: In member function ‘std::string<anonymous class>::name()’:
Ingredient.h:12:30: error: conversion from ‘<unresolved overloaded function type>’ to non-scalar type ‘std::string’ requested
Ingredient.h: In member function ‘int<anonymous class>::quantity()’:
Ingredient.h:13:25: error: argument of type ‘int (<anonymous class>::)()’ does not match ‘int’
Ingredient.h: At global scope:
Ingredient.h:4:18: error: an anonymous struct cannot have function members
Ingredient.h:21:2: error: abstract declarator ‘<anonymous class>’ used as declaration

这是我的类头文件…

#ifndef Ingredient
#define Ingredient
class Ingredient {
public:
  // constructor
    Ingredient() : name(""), quantity(0) {} 
    Ingredient(std::string n, int q) : name(n), quantity(q) {}
  // accessors
    std::string name() { return name; }
    int quantity() {return quantity; }
  // modifier
private:
  // representation
  std::string name;
  int quantity;
};
#endif

我对这些错误感到困惑,不知道我在类的实现方面做错了什么。

这是一个有趣的。您实际上是通过#define Ingredient杀死了您的类名—所有出现的Ingredient都将被擦除。这就是为什么包括守卫通常采用#define INGREDIENT_H的形式。

您还将name用于成员和getter函数(可能是尝试翻译c# ?)。这在c++中是不允许的

如何查看错误?变量和函数不能有相同的名称。并且include guard不应该使用class这样的名字。

#ifndef INGREDIENT_H
#define INGREDIENT_H
class Ingredient {
public:
  // constructor
    Ingredient() : name(""), quantity(0) {} 
    Ingredient(std::string n, int q) : name(n), quantity(q) {}
  // accessors
    std::string get_name() const { return name; }
    int get_quantity() const {return quantity; }
  // modifier
private:
  // representation
  std::string name;
  int quantity;
};
#endif