wire.h外部双线对象错误

wire.h extern twowire object error

本文关键字:对象 错误 外部 wire      更新时间:2023-10-16

我使用eclipse为arduino制作项目。我在一个新类中加入了"Wire.h",在arduinocore库项目中,我在Wire.h头中遇到了错误。错误就在线路上76的末尾是:

extern TwoWire Wire;

上面写着

说明资源路径位置类型类型"TwoWire"必须实现继承的纯虚拟方法"Print::write"Wire.h/ArduinoCore/src line 76代码分析问题

我给你.cpp和头文件,它们与arduino ide中的相同。我能做些什么来解决这个问题?

#ifndef TwoWire_h
#define TwoWire_h

#include <inttypes.h>
    #include "Stream.h"
    #define BUFFER_LENGTH 32
    class TwoWire : public Stream
    {
      private:
        static uint8_t rxBuffer[];
        static uint8_t rxBufferIndex;
        static uint8_t rxBufferLength;
        static uint8_t txAddress;
        static uint8_t txBuffer[];
        static uint8_t txBufferIndex;
        static uint8_t txBufferLength;
        static uint8_t transmitting;
        static void (*user_onRequest)(void);
        static void (*user_onReceive)(int);
        static void onRequestService(void);
        static void onReceiveService(uint8_t*, int);
      public:
        TwoWire();
        void begin();
        void begin(uint8_t);
        void begin(int);
        void beginTransmission(uint8_t);
        void beginTransmission(int);
        uint8_t endTransmission(void);
        uint8_t endTransmission(uint8_t);
        uint8_t requestFrom(uint8_t, uint8_t);
        uint8_t requestFrom(uint8_t, uint8_t, uint8_t);
        uint8_t requestFrom(int, int);
        uint8_t requestFrom(int, int, int);
        virtual size_t write(uint8_t);
        virtual size_t write(const uint8_t *, size_t);
        virtual int available(void);
        virtual int read(void);
        virtual int peek(void);
        virtual void flush(void);
        void onReceive( void (*)(int) );
        void onRequest( void (*)(void) );
        inline size_t write(unsigned long n) { return write((uint8_t)n); }
        inline size_t write(long n) { return write((uint8_t)n); }
        inline size_t write(unsigned int n) { return write((uint8_t)n); }
        inline size_t write(int n) { return write((uint8_t)n); }
        using Print::write;
    };
    extern TwoWire Wire;
    #endif

和.cpp文件:

extern "C" {
  #include <stdlib.h>
  #include <string.h>
  #include <inttypes.h>
  #include "twi.h"
}
#include "Wire.h"
// Initialize Class Variables //////////////////////////////////////////////////
uint8_t TwoWire::rxBuffer[BUFFER_LENGTH];
uint8_t TwoWire::rxBufferIndex = 0;
uint8_t TwoWire::rxBufferLength = 0;
uint8_t TwoWire::txAddress = 0;
uint8_t TwoWire::txBuffer[BUFFER_LENGTH];
uint8_t TwoWire::txBufferIndex = 0;
uint8_t TwoWire::txBufferLength = 0;
uint8_t TwoWire::transmitting = 0;
void (*TwoWire::user_onRequest)(void);
void (*TwoWire::user_onReceive)(int);
// Constructors ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
TwoWire::TwoWire()
{
}
// Public Methods //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
void TwoWire::begin(void)
{
  rxBufferIndex = 0;
  rxBufferLength = 0;
  txBufferIndex = 0;
  txBufferLength = 0;
  twi_init();
}
void TwoWire::begin(uint8_t address)
{
  twi_setAddress(address);
  twi_attachSlaveTxEvent(onRequestService);
  twi_attachSlaveRxEvent(onReceiveService);
  begin();
}
void TwoWire::begin(int address)
{
  begin((uint8_t)address);
}
uint8_t TwoWire::requestFrom(uint8_t address, uint8_t quantity, uint8_t sendStop)
{
  // clamp to buffer length
  if(quantity > BUFFER_LENGTH){
    quantity = BUFFER_LENGTH;
  }
  // perform blocking read into buffer
  uint8_t read = twi_readFrom(address, rxBuffer, quantity, sendStop);
  // set rx buffer iterator vars
  rxBufferIndex = 0;
  rxBufferLength = read;
  return read;
}
uint8_t TwoWire::requestFrom(uint8_t address, uint8_t quantity)
{
  return requestFrom((uint8_t)address, (uint8_t)quantity, (uint8_t)true);
}
uint8_t TwoWire::requestFrom(int address, int quantity)
{
  return requestFrom((uint8_t)address, (uint8_t)quantity, (uint8_t)true);
}
uint8_t TwoWire::requestFrom(int address, int quantity, int sendStop)
{
  return requestFrom((uint8_t)address, (uint8_t)quantity, (uint8_t)sendStop);
}
void TwoWire::beginTransmission(uint8_t address)
{
  // indicate that we are transmitting
  transmitting = 1;
  // set address of targeted slave
  txAddress = address;
  // reset tx buffer iterator vars
  txBufferIndex = 0;
  txBufferLength = 0;
}
void TwoWire::beginTransmission(int address)
{
  beginTransmission((uint8_t)address);
}
//
//  Originally, 'endTransmission' was an f(void) function.
//  It has been modified to take one parameter indicating
//  whether or not a STOP should be performed on the bus.
//  Calling endTransmission(false) allows a sketch to 
//  perform a repeated start. 
//
//  WARNING: Nothing in the library keeps track of whether
//  the bus tenure has been properly ended with a STOP. It
//  is very possible to leave the bus in a hung state if
//  no call to endTransmission(true) is made. Some I2C
//  devices will behave oddly if they do not see a STOP.
//
uint8_t TwoWire::endTransmission(uint8_t sendStop)
{
  // transmit buffer (blocking)
  int8_t ret = twi_writeTo(txAddress, txBuffer, txBufferLength, 1, sendStop);
  // reset tx buffer iterator vars
  txBufferIndex = 0;
  txBufferLength = 0;
  // indicate that we are done transmitting
  transmitting = 0;
  return ret;
}
//  This provides backwards compatibility with the original
//  definition, and expected behaviour, of endTransmission
//
uint8_t TwoWire::endTransmission(void)
{
  return endTransmission(true);
}
// must be called in:
// slave tx event callback
// or after beginTransmission(address)
size_t TwoWire::write(uint8_t data)
{
  if(transmitting){
  // in master transmitter mode
    // don't bother if buffer is full
    if(txBufferLength >= BUFFER_LENGTH){
      setWriteError();
      return 0;
    }
    // put byte in tx buffer
    txBuffer[txBufferIndex] = data;
    ++txBufferIndex;
    // update amount in buffer   
    txBufferLength = txBufferIndex;
  }else{
  // in slave send mode
    // reply to master
    twi_transmit(&data, 1);
  }
  return 1;
}
// must be called in:
// slave tx event callback
// or after beginTransmission(address)
size_t TwoWire::write(const uint8_t *data, size_t quantity)
{
  if(transmitting){
  // in master transmitter mode
    for(size_t i = 0; i < quantity; ++i){
      write(data[i]);
    }
  }else{
  // in slave send mode
    // reply to master
    twi_transmit(data, quantity);
  }
  return quantity;
}
// must be called in:
// slave rx event callback
// or after requestFrom(address, numBytes)
int TwoWire::available(void)
{
  return rxBufferLength - rxBufferIndex;
}
// must be called in:
// slave rx event callback
// or after requestFrom(address, numBytes)
int TwoWire::read(void)
{
  int value = -1;
  // get each successive byte on each call
  if(rxBufferIndex < rxBufferLength){
    value = rxBuffer[rxBufferIndex];
    ++rxBufferIndex;
  }
  return value;
}
// must be called in:
// slave rx event callback
// or after requestFrom(address, numBytes)
int TwoWire::peek(void)
{
  int value = -1;
  if(rxBufferIndex < rxBufferLength){
    value = rxBuffer[rxBufferIndex];
  }
  return value;
}
void TwoWire::flush(void)
{
  // XXX: to be implemented.
}
// behind the scenes function that is called when data is received
void TwoWire::onReceiveService(uint8_t* inBytes, int numBytes)
{
  // don't bother if user hasn't registered a callback
  if(!user_onReceive){
    return;
  }
  // don't bother if rx buffer is in use by a master requestFrom() op
  // i know this drops data, but it allows for slight stupidity
  // meaning, they may not have read all the master requestFrom() data yet
  if(rxBufferIndex < rxBufferLength){
    return;
  }
  // copy twi rx buffer into local read buffer
  // this enables new reads to happen in parallel
  for(uint8_t i = 0; i < numBytes; ++i){
    rxBuffer[i] = inBytes[i];    
  }
  // set rx iterator vars
  rxBufferIndex = 0;
  rxBufferLength = numBytes;
  // alert user program
  user_onReceive(numBytes);
}
// behind the scenes function that is called when data is requested
void TwoWire::onRequestService(void)
{
  // don't bother if user hasn't registered a callback
  if(!user_onRequest){
    return;
  }
  // reset tx buffer iterator vars
  // !!! this will kill any pending pre-master sendTo() activity
  txBufferIndex = 0;
  txBufferLength = 0;
  // alert user program
  user_onRequest();
}
// sets function called on slave write
void TwoWire::onReceive( void (*function)(int) )
{
  user_onReceive = function;
}
// sets function called on slave read
void TwoWire::onRequest( void (*function)(void) )
{
  user_onRequest = function;
}
// Preinstantiate Objects //////////////////////////////////////////////////////
TwoWire Wire = TwoWire();

这可能有点晚了,但。。。我还使用Eclipse来完成我所有的Arduino开发,我已经看到了这个错误。这是因为Eclipse针对您的项目代码运行自己的C++代码分析工具。(除了G++工具链。)Eclipse有时会遇到困难,或者过于热衷于发现错误,即使GNU编译器编译代码并生成库也很好。

查看项目属性、C/C++常规部分和代码分析选项卡。在语法和符号列表中,最后一次检查被称为"抽象类不能实例化"。取消选中此项可禁用该检查。然后点击Apply。

最后,右键单击您的项目,并对其选择"运行C/C++代码分析",这将清除错误-不再是红色的X.

希望这能有所帮助。

问题:我也遇到过类似的问题,使用了令人惊叹的Netbeans IDE,编译错误是:

C:ArduinolibrariesWireWire.h:76: error: **cannot declare variable 'Wire' to be of *abstract type* 'TwoWire'**
C:ArduinolibrariesWireWire.h:31: note:   because the following virtual functions are pure within 'TwoWire':
c:/Arduino/hardware/arduino/cores/arduino/Print.h:48: note:     virtual size_t Print::write(uint8_t)

多亏了StackOverFlow上的一些人,我明白了在派生类中,如果虚拟函数原型和该函数的重写版本不匹配,编译器会抱怨。

解决方案:在Print.h的第48行,我已从中删除=0

  • virtual size_t write(uint8_t) = 0;
  • virtual size_t write(uint8_t);

顺便说一下,一个建议是,使用Netbeans作为IDE为Arduino开发软件会使设置变得有点复杂。。。但是由于Arduino和Netbeans,开发大型复杂软件变得更加容易!

http://leepike.wordpress.com/source-code/atomled-hs/makefile/

http://playground.arduino.cc/Code/Netbeans