Apple Mach-O Linker(Id）在C++中生成操作员朋友函数时出错

Apple Mach-O Linker (Id) Error when making operator friend function in C++

本文关键字：操作员 朋友 函数 出错 C++ Linker Mach-O Id Apple      更新时间：2023-10-16

我对C++还很陌生，所以可能我做错了什么，但我不知道是什么。

我为数据结构类分配的任务是实现以下头文件：

#ifndef __CS20A__Test__
#define __CS20A__Test__
#include <stdio.h>
namespace cs20a
{
class ThreeDPoint
{
public:
    ThreeDPoint(int x, int y, int z);
    double Distance() const;
    friend bool operator ==(const ThreeDPoint &pt1, const ThreeDPoint &pt2);
    friend bool operator !=(const ThreeDPoint &pt1, const ThreeDPoint &pt2);
    friend ThreeDPoint operator +(const ThreeDPoint& pt1, const ThreeDPoint& pt2);
    friend ThreeDPoint operator -(const ThreeDPoint& pt1, const ThreeDPoint& pt2);
    //dot product
    friend int operator *(const ThreeDPoint& pt1, const ThreeDPoint& pt2);
    int getX() const;
    int getY() const;
    int getZ() const;
private:
    int x;
    int y;
    int z;
};
}
#endif /* defined(__CS20A__Test__) */

以下是我的实现：#包括"ThreeDPoint.h"#包括#包括

using namespace cs20a;
ThreeDPoint::ThreeDPoint(int x, int y, int z)
{
    this->x = x;
    this->y = y;
    this->z = z;
}
double ThreeDPoint::Distance() const
{
    return sqrt(pow(x, 2) + pow(y, 2) + pow(z, 2));
}
bool operator== (ThreeDPoint &pt1, ThreeDPoint &pt2)
{
    return ((pt1.getX() == pt2.getX()) && (pt1.getY() == pt2.getY()) && (pt1.getZ() == pt2.getZ()));
}
bool operator !=(const ThreeDPoint &pt1, const ThreeDPoint &pt2)
{
    return !(pt1.getX() == pt2.getX() && pt1.getY() == pt2.getY() && pt1.getZ() == pt2.getZ());
}
ThreeDPoint operator +(const ThreeDPoint& pt1, const ThreeDPoint& pt2)
{
    return ThreeDPoint(pt1.getX() + pt2.getX(), pt1.getY() + pt2.getY(), pt1.getZ() + pt2.getZ());
}
ThreeDPoint operator -(const ThreeDPoint& pt1, const ThreeDPoint& pt2)
{
    return ThreeDPoint(pt1.getX() - pt2.getX(), pt1.getY() - pt2.getY(), pt1.getZ() - pt2.getZ());
}
int operator *(const ThreeDPoint& pt1, const ThreeDPoint& pt2)
{
    return pt1.getX() * pt2.getX() + pt1.getY() * pt2.getY() + pt1.getZ() * pt2.getZ();
}
int ThreeDPoint::getX() const {
    return x;
}
int ThreeDPoint::getY() const {
    return y;
}
int ThreeDPoint::getZ() const {
    return z;
}

这两个文件本身编译得很好，但当我添加像这样的驱动程序时

#include <iostream>
#include "ThreeDPoint.h"
int main(int argc, const char * argv[]) {
    cs20a::ThreeDPoint pt1(1,2,3);
    cs20a::ThreeDPoint pt2(1,2,3);
    // insert code here...
    std::cout << (pt1 == pt2);
    return 0;
}

或者任何具有ThreeDPoint==ThreeDPoint或ThreeDPoint+ThreeDPoint的驱动程序，当我尝试构建它时，我会得到以下错误：

Ld /Users/jaredjensen/Library/Developer/Xcode/DerivedData/CS20A-fztpdusrphrftebtzmkhjpjcduym/Build/Products/Debug/CS20A normal x86_64
cd "/Users/jaredjensen/Google Drive/XCode/CS20A"
export MACOSX_DEPLOYMENT_TARGET=10.9    /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Toolchains/XcodeDefault.xctoolchain/usr/bin/clang++ -arch x86_64 -isysroot /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Platforms/MacOSX.platform/Developer/SDKs/MacOSX10.10.sdk -L/Users/jaredjensen/Library/Developer/Xcode/DerivedData/CS20A-fztpdusrphrftebtzmkhjpjcduym/Build/Products/Debug -F/Users/jaredjensen/Library/Developer/Xcode/DerivedData/CS20A-fztpdusrphrftebtzmkhjpjcduym/Build/Products/Debug -filelist /Users/jaredjensen/Library/Developer/Xcode/DerivedData/CS20A-fztpdusrphrftebtzmkhjpjcduym/Build/Intermediates/CS20A.build/Debug/CS20A.build/Objects-normal/x86_64/CS20A.LinkFileList -mmacosx-version-min=10.9 -stdlib=libc++ -Xlinker -dependency_info -Xlinker /Users/jaredjensen/Library/Developer/Xcode/DerivedData/CS20A-fztpdusrphrftebtzmkhjpjcduym/Build/Intermediates/CS20A.build/Debug/CS20A.build/Objects-normal/x86_64/CS20A_dependency_info.dat -o /Users/jaredjensen/Library/Developer/Xcode/DerivedData/CS20A-fztpdusrphrftebtzmkhjpjcduym/Build/Products/Debug/CS20A
Undefined symbols for architecture x86_64:
"cs20a::operator==(cs20a::ThreeDPoint const&, cs20a::ThreeDPoint const&)", referenced from:
  _main in main.o
ld: symbol(s) not found for architecture x86_64
clang: error: linker command failed with exit code 1 (use -v to see invocation)

我已经尝试了所有的方法，但我无法修复这个错误。只有当我使运算符成为友元函数时才会发生这种情况。如果我将它们设为成员，并删除其中一个参数，效果会很好。我做错什么了吗？

您在cpp文件中忘记了ThreeDPoint:：前面的运算符，并使用二进制运算符而不是友元

/*.cpp add ThreaDproint before operator*/ 
bool ThreeDPoint::operator== (ThreeDPoint const & pt2)
{
    return ((this->x == pt2.getX()) && (this->y == pt2.getY()) && (this->z == pt2.getZ()));
}
bool ThreeDPoint::operator !=(const ThreeDPoint &pt2)
{
    return !(this->x == pt2.getX() && this->y == pt2.getY() && this->z == pt2.getZ());
    /* here you can do this 
    return !(this->operator==(pt2)); */
}
/* .h change friend for binary operator*/
bool operator ==(const ThreeDPoint &pt2);
bool operator !=(const ThreeDPoint &pt2);

编辑：强制使用好友关键字

/* add cs20a:: before operator== */
bool cs20a::operator==(const ThreeDPoint &pt1, const ThreeDPoint &pt2)
{
     return (pt1.x == pt2.x && pt1.y == pt2.y && pt1.z == pt2.z);
}

祝你好运：）

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