尝试删除指针会触发断点

Trying to delete pointers triggers breakpoints

本文关键字:断点 指针 删除      更新时间:2023-10-16

我正在研究的程序的目的是创建一个类,通过模拟指针的动态数组来"改进"默认的整数数组数据类型。 在尝试删除指针和指针数组时,我不断遇到错误,其中显示"Windows 在 project4.exe 中触发了断点。

这可能是由于堆损坏,这表示 project4.exe 或其加载的任何 DLL 中存在错误。

这也可能是由于用户在 project4.exe 具有焦点时按 F12。

输出窗口可能包含更多诊断信息。

class Array
{
private:
    int length;
int* data;
public:
    Array();
    Array(const Array &cpy);
    ~Array();
    bool addint(int toadd);
    bool deletelast();
    int getlength();
    friend ostream& operator<<(ostream &out, const Array &n);
};
ostream& operator<<(ostream &out, const Array &n);
Array::Array()
{
    length = -1;    
    data = NULL;
}
Array::Array(const Array &cpy)
{  
    length = cpy.length;                //value of length is copied
    if (length < 0)
        data = NULL;
    else
    {
        data = new int [length];
        for (int i=0; i<=length; i++)
            data[i] = cpy.data[i];
    }
}    
Array::~Array()
{
    if (length != 0)
        delete [] data;
    else
        delete data;
    data = NULL;
}  
bool Array::addint(int toadd)
{   
    length ++;
    int* point = new int[length];
    for (int i=0; i < length; i++)
        point[i] = data[i];             
    point[length] = toadd;
    if (length != 0)    
        delete [] data; 
    data = point;
    point = NULL;
    return true;
}    
bool Array::deletelast()
{
    int* temppoint;
    if (length > 0)
        temppoint = new int [length-1]; 
    else
        temppoint = new int[0];
    for (int i=0; i<length; i++)        
        temppoint[i] = data[i];
    if (length == 0)
        temppoint[0] = 0;
    length --;
    delete [] data; 
    data = temppoint;
    temppoint = NULL;
    return true;
}  
void menu(Array var)
{
    int selection=0,
        input;
    bool success;
    Array* arrcpy;
    while (selection != 3)
    {
        if (var.getlength() == -1)
        {
            cout << "What would you like to demonstrate?" << endl << "1) Add an integer " << endl
            << "2) Exit" << endl << "Enter your selection: ";
            cin >> selection;
            if (selection == 2)
                selection = 4;
        }
        else
        {
            cout << endl << "Now what would you like to demonstrate?" << endl << "1) Add an integer " << endl
            << "2) Delete the last entered integer" << endl << "3) Copy constructor" << endl << "4) Exit" << endl << "Enter your selection: ";
            cin >> selection;
        }
        if (selection==1)
        {
            cout << endl << "The length of the array before adding a new value is: " << var.getlength() + 1 << endl;
            cout << "Please enter the integer that you wish to add: ";
            cin >> input; 
            success = var.addint(input);
            if (success)
                cout << endl << "The data input was a success!" << endl << "The length of the array is now: " 
                << var.getlength() + 1 << endl << "The new value of the array is: " << var << endl;
            else
                cout << endl << "The input failed" << endl;
        }       
        if (selection == 2)
        {
            cout << endl << "The lenght of the array before the deletion is: " << var.getlength() + 1 << endl 
                << "and the value held in the array is: " << var << endl;
            success = var.deletelast();
            if (success)
                cout << endl << "The data deletion was a success!" << endl << "The length of the array is now: "
                << var.getlength() + 1 << endl << "The new value of the array is: " << var << endl;
            else
                cout << endl << "The deletion failed" << endl;
        }       
        if (selection == 3)
        {
                cout << endl << "The lenght of the array being copied is: " << var.getlength() + 1 << endl 
                << "and the value held in the array is: " << var << endl;
                arrcpy=new Array(var);
                cout << endl << "The length of the copied array is: " << arrcpy->getlength() +1 << endl
                << "and the value contained in the array is: " << *arrcpy;
                delete arrcpy;
        }
    }
}

这是我遇到的问题的所有相关源代码。 即将出现的是,delete运算符和delete []运算符的每个实例都导致了此断点错误,我不确定我做错了什么。

编辑:重写了代码,使长度值默认为 0 而不是 -1,现在一切正常!

我相信

复制构造函数中的for (int i=0; i<=length; i++)应该包含i<length(小于、不小于或等于)。 这是一个明显的问题。

此外,您正在传递addint()方法中的边界。 数组中的最后一个元素位于索引 [length-1] 处。

int* point = new int[length];

由于您的长度从 -1 开始,因此此行的第一个调用将是执行 new int[0] 。可能是问题所在。如果你坚持不修复length的语义,你想在这里length+1

无关的一点,你应该看看std::vector是如何做到的,而不是重新分配每一个添加,你应该尝试过度分配,只有在空间被填满时才重新分配。

我知道这是一个旧线程,我承认我没有阅读所有评论,但是关于为什么当长度更改为 0 时它似乎有效的主题我相信这可能是由于向大小无效的数组提供了 nullptr,稍后,尝试删除此类指针会导致断点。