Complex number class

我有一个任务到期了，但我很难理解任务真正要求我做什么，或者如何去做。我知道复数是什么，但我不明白C++和Python版本的以下操作应该做什么：

op: Complex × Complex → Complex 
op: Complex × double → Complex 
op: double × Complex → Complex 

双人间？我不明白替身是从哪里来的。此外，python版本应该将复杂内容转换为字符串，我也不明白它在问什么。它是说从字面上将复数(整数？)转换为字符串数据类型吗？如果你能帮我理解任务的要求，请告诉我，这样我就可以尝试编程了。

复数类

用C++、Java和Python设计一个表示复杂的类数字并支持重要操作，例如加法，减法、乘法和除法。对于C++和Python每个版本都需要实现以下功能操作：

op: Complex × Complex → Complex
op: Complex × double → Complex  op:
double × Complex → Complex

其中，op是+、-、*或/中的一个。在里面此外，您将需要重载流插入运算符<lt；以打印此类型的对象。构造函数也必须定义作为重载赋值运算符以允许隐式从双打到复杂的转换。您认为的任何其他方法适当的也应包括在内。你的课越完整较好的

Java版本将没有那么多方法，因为Java没有允许运算符重载或友元函数。同样更好地完成Java类。重写toString()方法。

Python版本还应该包括用于转换的函数从复数到字符串。

此项目所需的文件是：一个复杂的.h文件包含复杂类的声明，复杂.cc文件包含中声明的方法和函数的实现complex类，一个实例化复数和测试的main.cc所有方法和函数，一个Complex.java文件，它是java实现，以及一个实例化和测试所有Complex类的方法。所需的python文件是complex.py文件。

他向我们提供了以下代码：

/*
*
*  Java version
*
*/
/* Main.java */
public class Main {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Rational a = new Rational(1, 2);
Rational b = new Rational(2, 3);
int i = 5;
System.out.println(a + " + " + b + " = " + a.add(b));
System.out.println(a + " - " + b + " = " + a.sub(b));
System.out.println(a + " * " + b + " = " + a.mul(b));
System.out.println(a + " / " + b + " = " + a.div(b));
System.out.println(a + " + " + i + " = " + a.add(i));
System.out.println(a + " - " + i + " = " + a.sub(i));
System.out.println(a + " * " + i + " = " + a.mul(i));
System.out.println(a + " / " + i + " = " + a.div(i));
}
}
/* Rational.java */
public class Rational {
public Rational() {
this(0);
}
public Rational(int num) {
this(num, 1);
}
public Rational(int num, int den) {
this.num = num;
this.den = den;
}
public Rational add(Rational o) {
return new Rational(num * o.den + o.num * den, den * o.den);
}
public Rational add(int n) {
return new Rational(num + n * den, den);
}
public Rational div(Rational o) {
return new Rational(num * o.den, den * o.num);
}
public Rational div(int n) {
return new Rational(num, den * n);
}
public Rational mul(Rational o) {
return new Rational(num * o.num, den * o.den);
}
public Rational mul(int n) {
return new Rational(num * n, den);
}
public Rational sub(Rational o) {
return new Rational(num * o.den - o.num * den, den * o.den);
}
public Rational sub(int n) {
return new Rational(num - n * den, den);
}
public String toString() {
return "(" + num + " / " + den + ")";
}
private int den;
private int num;
}
/*
*
*  C++ version
*
*/
/* rational.h */
#ifndef RATIONAL_H
#define RATIONAL_H
#include <iostream>
using std::ostream;
struct rational {
rational(int = 0, int = 1);
rational operator+(const rational &) const;
rational operator-(const rational &) const;
rational operator*(const rational &) const;
rational operator/(const rational &) const;
rational operator+(int) const;
rational operator-(int) const;
rational operator*(int) const;
rational operator/(int) const;
friend rational operator+(int, const rational &);
friend rational operator-(int, const rational &);
friend rational operator*(int, const rational &);
friend rational operator/(int, const rational &);
friend ostream &operator<<(ostream &, const rational &);
private:
int den;
int num;
};
#endif /* RATIONAL_H */
/* rational.cc */
#include <iostream>
#include "rational.h"
rational::rational(int num, int den) : num(num), den(den) {}
rational rational::operator+(const rational &o) const {
return rational(num * o.den + o.num * den, den * o.den);
}
rational rational::operator+(int n) const {
return rational(num + n * den, den);
}
rational rational::operator-(const rational &o) const {
return rational(num * o.den - o.num * den, den * o.den);
}
rational rational::operator-(int n) const {
return rational(num - n * den, den);
}
rational rational::operator*(const rational &o) const {
return rational(num * o.num, den * o.den);
}
rational rational::operator*(int n) const {
return rational(num * n, den);
}
rational rational::operator/(const rational &o) const {
return rational(num * o.den, den * o.num);
}
rational rational::operator/(int n) const {
return rational(num, den * n);
}
rational operator+(int n, const rational &o) {
return o + n;
}
rational operator-(int n, const rational &o) {
return rational(n) - o;
}
rational operator*(int n, const rational &o) {
return o * n;
}
rational operator/(int n, const rational &o) {
return rational(n) / o;
}
ostream &operator<<(ostream &out, const rational &o) {
out << '(' << o.num << " / " << o.den << ')';
return out;
}
/* main.cc */
#include <iostream>
#include "rational.h"
using std::cout;
using std::endl;
int main(void) {
rational a(1, 2);
rational b(2, 3);
int i = 5;
cout << a << " + " << b << " = " << a + b << endl;
cout << a << " - " << b << " = " << a - b << endl;
cout << a << " * " << b << " = " << a * b << endl;
cout << a << " / " << b << " = " << a / b << endl;
cout << a << " + " << i << " = " << a + i << endl;
cout << a << " - " << i << " = " << a - i << endl;
cout << a << " * " << i << " = " << a * i << endl;
cout << a << " / " << i << " = " << a / i << endl;
cout << i << " + " << a << " = " << i + a << endl;
cout << i << " - " << a << " = " << i - a << endl;
cout << i << " * " << a << " = " << i * a << endl;
cout << i << " / " << a << " = " << i / a << endl;
return 0;
}
#
#
# Python version
#
#
class rational:
def __init__(self, num=0, den=1):
self.num = num
self.den = den
def __add__(self, other):
if isinstance(other, int):
return rational(self.num + other * self.den, self.den)
elif isinstance(other, rational):
return rational(self.num * other.den + other.num * self.den, self.den * other.den)
else:
raise TypeError
def __truediv__(self, other):
if isinstance(other, int):
return rational(self.num, self.den * other)
elif isinstance(other, rational):
return rational(self.num * other.den, self.den * other.num)
else:
raise TypeError
def __float__(self):
return float(self.num) / self.den
def __int__(self):
return self.num / self.den
def __mul__(self, other):
if isinstance(other, int):
return rational(self.num * other, self.den)
elif isinstance(other, rational):
return rational(self.num * other.num, self.den * other.den)
else:
raise TypeError
def __radd__(self, other):
return self + other
def __rtruediv__(self, other):
return rational(other) / self
def __rmul__(self, other):
return self * other
def __rsub__(self, other):
return rational(other) - self
def __str__(self):
return '(' + str(self.num) + ' / ' + str(self.den) + ')'
def __sub__(self, other):
if isinstance(other, int):
return rational(self.num - other * self.den, self.den)
elif isinstance(other, rational):
return rational(self.num * other.den - other.num * self.den, self.den * other.den)
else:
raise TypeError
if __name__ == '__main__':
a = rational(1, 2)
b = rational(2, 3)
i = 5
print('%s + %s = %s' % (a, b, a + b))
print('%s - %s = %s' % (a, b, a - b))
print('%s * %s = %s' % (a, b, a * b))
print('%s / %s = %s' % (a, b, a / b))
print('%s + %i = %s' % (a, i, a + i))
print('%s - %i = %s' % (a, i, a - i))
print('%s * %i = %s' % (a, i, a * i))
print('%s / %i = %s' % (a, i, a / i))
print('%i + %s = %s' % (i, a, i + a))
print('%i - %s = %s' % (i, a, i - a))
print('%i * %s = %s' % (i, a, i * a))
print('%i / %s = %s' % (i, a, i / a))