C2678:插入二叉搜索树 C++ 时出错

C2678: error on insertion of Binary search tree c++

本文关键字:C++ 出错 搜索树 插入 C2678      更新时间:2023-10-16

使用Visual Studios 2015进行C++实现,我在insertHelper()中收到编译错误。

插入帮助程序是下面列出的递归函数。

    template < typename DataType, typename KeyType >
    void BSTree<DataType, KeyType>::insertHelper(BSTreeNode *&p,
    const DataType &newDataItem)
    // Recursive helper function for insert. Inserts newDataItem in
    // the subtree pointed to by p.
{
    if (p == NULL) {
        p->dataItem = newDataItem;
        p->left = NULL;
        p->right = NULL;
    }
    else {
        if (p->dataItem < newDataItem) { // <- error triggers here
            insertHelper(p->left, newDataItem);
        }
        else {
            insertHelper(p->right, newDataItem);
        }
    }
}
插入

帮助程序通过在此处插入调用:

 template < typename DataType, typename KeyType >
    void BSTree<DataType, KeyType>::insert(const DataType &newDataItem)
// Inserts newDataItem into a tree. If an data item with the same key
// as newDataItem already exists in the tree, then updates that
// data item's data with newDataItem's data.
{
    insertHelper(root, newDataItem);
}

我的树头文件的简化版本在这里。

#ifndef BSTREE_H
#define BSTREE_H
#include <stdexcept>
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
template < typename DataType, class KeyType >    // DataType : tree data item
class BSTree                                     // KeyType : key field
{
public:
    // Constructor
    BSTree();                         // Default constructor
    // Binary search tree manipulation operations
    void insert(const DataType& newDataItem);  // Insert data item
protected:
    class BSTreeNode                  // Inner class: facilitator for the BSTree class
    {
    public:
        // Constructor
        BSTreeNode(const DataType &nodeDataItem, BSTreeNode *leftPtr, BSTreeNode *rightPtr);
        // Data members
        DataType dataItem;         // Binary search tree data item
        BSTreeNode *left,    // Pointer to the left child
            *right;   // Pointer to the right child
    };
    // Recursive helpers for the public member functions -- insert
    // prototypes of these functions here.
    void insertHelper(BSTreeNode *&p, const DataType &newDataItem);
    // Data member
    BSTreeNode *root;   // Pointer to the root node
};
#endif  // define BSTREE_H

测试数据和初始化:

class TestData
{
  public:
    void setKey ( int newKey )
        { keyField = newKey; }   // Set the key
    int getKey () const
        { return keyField; }     // Returns the key
  private:
    int keyField;                // Key for the data item
};
int main()
{
    BSTree<TestData,int> testTree;   // Test binary search tree
    TestData testData;               // Binary search tree data item
}

我不明白为什么我不能使用if (p->dataItem < newDataItem){}.我已经尝试过if (p.dataItem < newDataItem){},甚至只是if (dataItem < newDataItem){}.而且我对这个错误无处可去。任何帮助将不胜感激。

错误如下:

C2678:二进制"<":未找到采用类型为"TestData"的左侧 BST 操作数的运算符(或者没有可接受的转换(。

if (p->dataItem < newDataItem) { // <- error triggers here

基于以下

BSTree<TestData,int> testTree;

我们知道p->dataItemnewDataItem属于 TestData 型 .

所以上面的比较扩展到

if (p->dataItem.operator<(newDataItem))

现在让我们再次查看错误消息:

binary '<': no operator found which takes a left-hand BST operand of type 'TestData' (or there is no acceptable conversion).

它正在寻找一个二进制"<"运算符。您尚未提供,因此该语言无法实现您请求的<比较。

class TestData
{
  public:
    void setKey ( int newKey )
        { keyField = newKey; }   // Set the key
    int getKey () const
        { return keyField; }     // Returns the key
    bool operator < (const TestData& rhs) const
        { return keyField < rhs.keyField; }
  private:
    int keyField;                // Key for the data item
};

class TestData
{
  public:
    void setKey ( int newKey )
        { keyField = newKey; }   // Set the key
    int getKey () const
        { return keyField; }     // Returns the key
    friend bool operator < (const TestData&, const TestData&);
  private:
    int keyField;                // Key for the data item
};
bool operator < (const TestData& lhs, const TestData& rhs)
{
    return lhs.keyField < rhs.keyField;
}

现场演示:http://ideone.com/Y7JGCD