如何在我的c版本Tic-Tac-Toe中修复我的输入验证
How to fix my input validation in my c version of Tic Tac Toe?
我正在使用基于控制台的界面在C中创建一个Tic-Tac-Toe游戏。两个玩家通过从1-9中选择一个数字将他们的棋子放在棋盘上来对抗对方（例如，如果你输入一个，那么它会将你的棋子放置在左上角，输入两个会将其放置在中上角，键入三个会将它放在右上角，依此类推）。然而，我的代码的主要问题是，每当有人输入一个字母时，游戏基本上都会陷入一个永恒的循环，直到你关闭程序，我尝试了很多解决方案（比如使用开关盒，将输入变成一个字符等），但我不知道如何解决它。谢谢。
//Libaries
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <array>
using namespace std;
//Indentifers
void gamescreen(); //Used to display the board
char gamecondition(); //This is indentifer is used to check the game is won lost/draw
void playerturn();
void playernames();
int resultsscreen();
int turn;
int playerinput(int playerchoice);
int Player1Score, Player2Score;
//Variables
//int menuchoice; //Not Neeeded for now
char PlayerPiece = 'X';
char GameWinner;
char board[3][3] = { '1', '2', '3', '4', '5', '6', '7', '8', '9' }; //Creates a 3 by 3 matrix, which is basically the board.
int playerchoice; //Reason why playerchoice is a int rather than a char is because
string Player1Name, Player2Name;
char finalchoice;
void playernames()
{
cout << "Player 1 please enter your name" << endl; //Asks for the first username
cin >> Player1Name; // Gets the first user name
cout << "Player 2 please enter your name" << endl; //Asks for the second username
cin >> Player2Name; // Gets the second user name
cout << "Player 1 Name is: " << Player1Name << " " << "and Player 2 name is: " << Player2Name << endl; //Displays Usernames
}
void gamescreen() //Displays the board on the screen to the players
{
system("cls"); //CLears the screen again, to make the game clean and tidy
cout << "SCOREBOARD: " << Player1Name << ": " << Player1Score << " " << Player2Name << ": " << Player2Score << endl;
cout << "n" << endl;
cout << board[0][0] << " | " << board[0][1] << " | " << board[0][2] << endl;
cout << board[1][0] << " | " << board[1][1] << " | " << board[1][2] << endl;
cout << board[2][0] << " | " << board[2][1] << " | " << board[2][2] << endl;
}
void playercheck()
{
cout << "It is Player: " << PlayerPiece << " Turn, please put select a piece on the board" << endl;
cin >> playerchoice;
playerinput(playerchoice);
}
int playerinput(int playerchoice)
{
if (playerchoice > 9 || playerchoice < 1 || cin.fail())
{
cout << "Please enter a number from 1-9!" << endl;
cin.clear();
playercheck();
}
else
{
if (playerchoice == 1) //If the player chose this one then
{
if (board[0][0] == '1') //This turns the number into a position on the board, it checks if the place is valid and there isn't a position on the board. If so then it places the player piece down
board[0][0] = PlayerPiece; //If the condition is true, then it replaces that board space with the player piece
else
{
cout << "This move is invalid because this space has been claimed" << endl; //However if there was not a space or the player just decides to put a number other than 1-9 then this message pops up
playercheck(); //This function is called again to elimate the need for loops.
}
}
else if (playerchoice == 2) //If the player chose this one then
{
if (board[0][1] == '2') //This turns the number into a position on the board, it checks if the place is valid and there isn't a position on the board. If so then it places the player piece down
board[0][1] = PlayerPiece;
else
{
cout << "This move is invalid because this space has been claimed" << endl; //However if there was not a space or the player just decides to put a number other than 1-9 then this message pops up
playercheck(); //This function is called again to elimate the need for loops.
}
}
else if (playerchoice == 3) //If the player chose this one then
{
if (board[0][2] == '3') //This turns the number into a position on the board, it checks if the place is valid and there isn't a position on the board. If so then it places the player piece down
board[0][2] = PlayerPiece;
else
{
cout << "This move is invalid because this space has been claimed" << endl; //However if there was not a space or the player just decides to put a number other than 1-9 then this message pops up
playercheck(); //This function is called again to elimate the need for loops.
}
}
else if (playerchoice == 4) //If the player chose this one then
{
if (board[1][0] == '4') //This turns the number into a position on the board, it checks if the place is valid and there isn't a position on the board. If so then it places the player piece down
board[1][0] = PlayerPiece;
else
{
cout << "This move is invalid because this space has been claimed" << endl; //However if there was not a space or the player just decides to put a number other than 1-9 then this message pops up
playercheck(); //This function is called again to elimate the need for loops.
}
}
else if (playerchoice == 5) //If the player chose this one then
{
if (board[1][1] == '5') //This turns the number into a position on the board, it checks if the place is valid and there isn't a position on the board. If so then it places the player piece down
board[1][1] = PlayerPiece;
else
{
cout << "This move is invalid because this space has been claimed" << endl; //However if there was not a space or the player just decides to put a number other than 1-9 then this message pops up
playercheck(); //This function is called again to elimate the need for loops.
}
}
else if (playerchoice == 6) //If the player chose this one then
{
if (board[1][2] == '6') //This turns the number into a position on the board, it checks if the place is valid and there isn't a position on the board. If so then it places the player piece down
board[1][2] = PlayerPiece;
else
{
cout << "This move is invalid because this space has been claimed" << endl; //However if there was not a space or the player just decides to put a number other than 1-9 then this message pops up
playercheck(); //This function is called again to elimate the need for loops.
}
}
else if (playerchoice == 7) //If the player chose this one then
{
if (board[2][0] == '7') //This turns the number into a position on the board, it checks if the place is valid and there isn't a position on the board. If so then it places the player piece down
board[2][0] = PlayerPiece;
else
{
cout << "This move is invalid because this space has been claimed" << endl; //However if there was not a space or the player just decides to put a number other than 1-9 then this message pops up
playercheck(); //This function is called again to elimate the need for loops.
}
}
else if (playerchoice == 8) //If the player chose this one then
{
if (board[2][1] == '8') //This turns the number into a position on the board, it checks if the place is valid and there isn't a position on the board. If so then it places the player piece down
board[2][1] = PlayerPiece;
else
{
cout << "This move is invalid because this space has been claimed" << endl; //However if there was not a space or the player just decides to put a number other than 1-9 then this message pops up
playercheck(); //This function is called again to elimate the need for loops.
}
}
else if (playerchoice == 9) //If the player chose this one then
{
if (board[2][2] == '9') //This turns the number into a position on the board, it checks if the place is valid and there isn't a position on the board. If so then it places the player piece down
board[2][2] = PlayerPiece;
else
{
cout << "This move is invalid because this space has been claimed" << endl; //However if there was not a space or the player just decides to put a number other than 1-9 then this message pops up
playercheck(); //This function is called again to elimate the need for loops.
}
}
else
{
cout << "Please enter in a valid number!" << endl;
playercheck();
//Fail safe just in case the first one failed somehow.
}
}
//The if statements about choices, etc. Checking if this space has not been picked yet
//NEED TO CHANGE ALL OF THE NUMBERS
return 1;
}
void playerturn()
{
if (PlayerPiece == 'X')
PlayerPiece = 'O';
else
PlayerPiece = 'X';
}
char gamecondition() //This is used to check the win conidtion aka who won or if not how does this game draw?
{
//Checks for the first player
if (board[0][0] == 'X' && board[0][1] == 'X' && board[0][2] == 'X')
return 'X'; //Basically this checks if the there is three in a row in the board, if show it returns the value X, which will be shown in the main. (Basically if GameWinner == X, cout << "Player1 wins!" << endl;
if (board[1][0] == 'X' && board[1][1] == 'X' && board[1][2] == 'X')
return 'X';
if (board[2][0] == 'X' && board[2][1] == 'X' && board[2][2] == 'X')
return 'X';
if (board[0][0] == 'X' && board[1][0] == 'X' && board[2][0] == 'X')
return 'X';
if (board[0][1] == 'X' && board[1][1] == 'X' && board[2][1] == 'X')
return 'X';
if (board[0][2] == 'X' && board[1][2] == 'X' && board[2][2] == 'X')
return 'X';
if (board[0][0] == 'X' && board[1][1] == 'X' && board[2][2] == 'X')
return 'X';
if (board[2][0] == 'X' && board[1][1] == 'X' && board[0][2] == 'X')
return 'X'; //Returns X to the gamecondition()
//Checks for the second player
if (board[0][0] == 'O' && board[0][1] == 'O' && board[0][2] == 'O')
return 'O'; //Basically this checks if the there is three in a row in the board, if show it returns the value X, which will be shown in the main. (Basically if gameconidition == X, cout << "Player1 wins!" << endl;
if (board[1][0] == 'O' && board[1][1] == 'O' && board[1][2] == 'O')
return 'O';
if (board[2][0] == 'O' && board[2][1] == 'O' && board[2][2] == 'O')
return 'O';
if (board[0][0] == 'O' && board[1][0] == 'O' && board[2][0] == 'O')
return 'O';
if (board[0][1] == 'O' && board[1][1] == 'O' && board[2][1] == 'O')
return 'O';
if (board[0][2] == 'O' && board[1][2] == 'O' && board[2][2] == 'O')
return 'O';
if (board[0][0] == 'O' && board[1][1] == 'O' && board[2][2] == 'O')
return 'O';
if (board[2][0] == 'O' && board[1][1] == 'O' && board[0][2] == 'O')
return 'O';
else
return '/'; //If it isn't either O or X then returns '/' which shows it's a draw
}
int main()
{
playernames();
turn = 0; //This is a turn counter, this will be used to determine the draw (Without it the game will keep on going)
gamescreen(); //Displays the game screen again
while (1)
{
turn++; //If the game hasn't been completed yet then adds 1 to the number counter
playercheck();
gamescreen();
if (gamecondition() == 'X')
{
cout << Player1Name << "X wins!" << endl;
Player1Score++;
resultsscreen();
}
else if (gamecondition() == 'O')
{
cout << Player2Name << " wins!" << endl;
Player2Score++;
resultsscreen();
}
else if (gamecondition() == '/' && turn == 9)
{
cout << "It's a draw!" << endl;
resultsscreen();
}
playerturn();
}
}
int resultsscreen()
{
cout << "The current score is:" << endl;
cout << Player1Name << ":" << Player1Score << endl;
cout << Player2Name << ":" << Player2Score << endl;
cout << "Would you like to play again, Y/N?" << endl;
cin >> finalchoice;
if (finalchoice == 'Y' || finalchoice == 'y')
{
turn = 0;
board[0][0] = '1', board[0][1] = '2', board[0][2] = '3';
board[1][0] = '4', board[1][1] = '5', board[1][2] = '6';
board[2][0] = '7', board[2][1] = '8', board[2][2] = '9';
system("cls");
gamescreen();
playercheck();
playerturn();
playerinput(playerchoice);
}
if (finalchoice == 'N' || finalchoice == 'n')
{
if (Player1Score > Player2Score)
{
cout << Player1Name << " wins!" << endl;
system("pause");
exit(0);
}
if (Player1Score < Player2Score)
{
cout << Player2Name << " wins!" << endl;
system("pause");
exit(0);
}
else if (Player1Score == Player2Score)
{
cout << "It's a draw!" << endl;
system("pause");
exit(0);
}
}
return 0;
}
当用户输入错误时，您需要做两件事：
- 清除程序中输入流的状态
- 忽略行的其余部分，因为您没有这些内容
您需要的是：
if (playerchoice > 9 || playerchoice < 1 || cin.fail())
{
cin.clear();
cin.ignore(std::numeric_limits<std::streamsize>::max(), 'n');
cout << "Please enter a number from 1-9!" << endl;
playercheck();
}
确保添加
#include <limits>
以便能够使用CCD_ 1。
有一种方法可以应用于cin，称为fail()，它是：
- 如果变量的输入与该变量的类型相同，则返回
true - 如果变量的输入与该变量的类型不同，则返回
false
因此，在playercheck()函数中，接受输入，playerchoice被定义为类型int，
void playercheck()
{
cout << "It is Player: " << PlayerPiece << " Turn, please put select a piece on the board" << endl;
cin >> playerchoice;
playerinput(playerchoice);
}
在上面添加一个while循环，重复检查是否有整数和数字1-9，直到得到适当的响应。
void playercheck()
{
cout << "It is Player: " << PlayerPiece << " Turn, please put select a piece on the board" << endl;
cin >> playerchoice;
//while the input it less than 1, more than 9, or NOT an integer
while (playerchoice < 1 || playerchoice > 9 || cin.fail())
{
cout << "You did not enter an appropriate response." << endl;
cout << "Please, enter in a digit between 1 and 9." << endl;
//clear the input flag on the stream so we can recheck cin.fail()
cin.clear();
//skip up to 256 characters in the pursuit of skipping to the next newline
cin.ignore(256, 'n');
cin >> playerchoice;
}
playerinput(playerchoice);
}
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