吞吐量网络估计

throughput networking estimation

本文关键字:网络 吞吐量      更新时间:2023-10-16

如何估计瞬时吞吐量?例如,以类似于浏览器在下载文件时所做的操作。这不仅仅是一个平均吞吐量,而是一个瞬时估计,可能是一个"移动平均值"。我正在寻找算法,但您可以在c++中指定它。理想情况下,它不涉及线程(即,持续刷新,比如每秒刷新一次),而是只在询问值时进行评估。

您可以使用指数移动平均值,如下所述,但我将重复公式:

accumulator = (alpha * new_value) + (1.0 - alpha) * accumulator

为了实现估计,假设您打算每秒查询一次计算,但需要最后一分钟的平均值。那么,有一种方法可以得到这个估计:

struct AvgBps {
    double rate_;            // The average rate
    double last_;            // Accumulates bytes added until average is computed
    time_t prev_;            // Time of previous update
    AvgBps () : rate_(0), last_(0), prev_(time(0)) {}
    void add (unsigned bytes) {
        time_t now = time(0);
        if (now - prev_ < 60) {       // The update is within the last minute
            last_ += bytes;           // Accumulate bytes into last
            if (now > prev_) {        // More than a second elapsed from previous
                // exponential moving average
                // the more time that has elapsed between updates, the more
                // weight is assigned for the accumulated bytes
                double alpha = (now - prev_)/60.0;
                rate_ = (1 -alpha) * last_ + alpha * rate_;
                last_ = 0;            // Reset last_ (it has been averaged in)
                prev_ = now;          // Update prev_ to current time
            }
        } else {                      // The update is longer than a minute ago
            rate_ = bytes;            // Current update is average rate
            last_ = 0;                // Reset last_
            prev_ = now;              // Update prev_
        }
    }
    double rate () {
        add(0);                       // Compute rate by doing an update of 0 bytes
        return rate_;                 // Return computed rate
    }
};

实际上应该使用单调时钟而不是time

您可能想要一个boxcar平均值。

只需保留最后n个值,并对其进行平均。对于后续的每个块,减去最旧的块,再加上最新的块。请注意,对于浮点值,您可能会得到一些聚合错误,在这种情况下,您可能希望每隔m个值从头开始重新计算总数。当然,对于整数值,您不需要这样的东西。