通过指针传递对象并对其进行修改不会更改对象的状态

Passing object by pointer and modifying it isn't changing state of the object

本文关键字:对象 修改 状态 指针      更新时间:2023-10-16

代码如下。我有一个名为 book_b 的数据成员,在函数 OB::x() 中,这个unordered_map插入对象。第一次插入时,键是 10,在 key=10 处插入的新对象工作正常。但是,当 key=10 再次出现时,我预计会在 key=10 处创建一个新对象并插入(替换 key=10 处的上一个对象)。但是,一旦 OB::x() 返回,当我们回到 OB::y() 时,就好像从未插入过新对象一样。

我认为这应该有效,因为我通过指针将book_b对象传递给修改其状态的函数?我担心我的基本理解有问题。

class OB{
    public:
        void y(O lo);
        void x(std::unordered_map<int, PL>* book, int a, long b);
    private:
        std::unordered_map<int, PL> book_b;
        std::unordered_map<int, PL> book_a;
};

void OB::y(O lo){
    //Code which obtains parameters to use in x() from lo
    int a = o.getA();
    long b = o.getB();
    //This is the data member the below function will insert an object in to
    std::unordered_map<int,PL>* book = &book_b;
    //This is the function which should be changing the state of book.
    //It works on the first call (when a new object is inserted) but on repeated calls
    //(where the object may be replaced with a new object with the same key) it acts
    //as if the new key-value pair wasnt replacing the existing key-value pair.
    x(book, a, b);
}

//Works when book is empty and we insert a new PL object, however, when I go to "overwrite"
//an existing PL object with the same key (a) it doesn't hold state once the function returns
void OB::x(std::unordered_map<int,PL>* book, int a, long b){
    PL temp;
    temp.setQuantity(b);
    book->insert(std::make_pair(a, temp));
}

如果已经存在具有相同键的元素,则std::unordered_map::insert不会插入新元素。

auto p = book->insert(std::make_pair(a, temp));
std::cout << std::boolalpha;
std::cout << "Did insert succeed? " << p.second << std::endl;

如果要更新现有元素(如果存在),请使用operator[]

(*book)[a] = temp;

注意:除非你想允许传递nullptr的可能性,否则不需要传递指针。使用引用更简单:

void OB::x(std::unordered_map<int,PL>& book, int a, long b) { ... }
x(book_b, a, b);
std::unordered_map::insert"

如果容器尚未包含具有等效键的元素,则将元素插入容器中。

改变

book->insert(std::make_pair(a, temp));

(*book)[a] = temp;

还要注意的是,在这里通过引用而不是指针传递会更合理,并使你的代码更干净:)