C++不会通过其他方法保存更改

C++ doesn't save the changes by other method

本文关键字:其他 方法 保存更改 C++      更新时间:2023-10-16

我正在尝试在C++中实现链表类,但我遇到了问题。我有 += 运算符添加新节点。

链表类接口:

template <typename Type>
class LinkedList {
public:
    LinkedList<Type>* head;
//  linked list stracture
    Type data;
    LinkedList<Type>* next;
//  others ....
    size_t length;
public:
    LinkedList();
    ~LinkedList();
    void initializeHead(LinkedList<Type>* headPtr);
    size_t size() const;
    LinkedList& operator+=(const Type& add);
    void operator-=(const Type& remove);
    LinkedList<Type>& operator[] (const size_t index) const;
    bool operator== (const LinkedList<Type> &versus) const;
    friend ostream& operator<< (ostream& out,LinkedList& obj);
};

在这里,我有 += 重载实现:

template <typename Type> LinkedList<Type>& LinkedList<Type>::operator +=(const Type& add) {
    // head ptr - :)
    LinkedList<Type>* p = head->next;
    // go to the end
    while(p) p = p->next;
    // now on end - create new..!!!
    try {
        p = new LinkedList<Type>;
    } catch (bad_alloc& e) {
        cout << "There's an allocation error....";
    } catch (...) {
        cout << "An unknown error.." << endl;
    }// fill and done
    p->data = add;
    p->next = NULL;
    // increment length .........
    ++head->length;
    // done ............
    return *p;
}

此外,我有"数组"访问重载方法:

template <typename Type> LinkedList<Type>& LinkedList<Type>::operator [](const size_t index) const {
    if(index < 0 || index >= length) // invaild argument
        throw  exception();
    // continue
    LinkedList<Type>* p = head;
    for(size_t i = 0; i < index; ++i) p = p->next; // we are at what we want
    return *p;
}

一切正常 - 我检查了二号机,

问题是 - += 不会将新节点保存在"head->next"中,出于某种原因,在完成 += 方法之后,head->next 等于 null。

有人知道为什么新的分配没有链接到 head->next 吗?

多谢!!

while(p) p = p->next; p 后为 NULL

接下来你做p = new LinkedList<Type>;但你没有将P链接到头部。

而不是:

// go to the end
while(p) p = p->next;

你需要:

head->next = p;

正如其他答案所说,当您尝试添加时,您会超出列表。 尝试这样的事情:

template <typename Type> LinkedList<Type>& LinkedList<Type>::operator +=(const Type& add)
{
    LinkedList<Type> *last;
    // Find the last node in the list
    for (last = head; last != 0 && last->next != 0; last = last->next)
    {
    }
    // `last` now points to the last node in the list, or is zero
    // If zero (i.e. NULL) then list is empty
    if (last == 0)
    {
        head = new LinkedList<Type>;
        head->next = 0;
        head->data = add;
        head->length = 0;
    }
    else
    {
        last->next = new LinkedList<Type>;
        last->next->next = 0;
        last->next->data = add;
    }
    // We can safely use `head` as we are sure it won't be zero
    head->length++;
    // Return the added node
    return (last != 0 ? *last->next : *head);
}

您还可以使用临时变量来存储最后一个节点,然后最后一个节点将指向新节点。

这是示例代码。您需要处理一些情况,例如添加第一个节点等。

LinkedList<Type>* temp = NULL;
while(p) 
{
  temp = p;
  p = p->next;   
}  
try 
{             
  p = new LinkedList<Type>;         
  temp->next = p;
} 
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