如何将调色板添加到位图信息

How to add color palette to BITMAPINFO

本文关键字：位图 信息 添加 调色板      更新时间：2023-10-16

我有一个函数，可以创建一个bmp文件并分别写入文件头、信息头和实际像素数据。在这里：

bool SaveBMP(BYTE* Buffer, int width, int height, long paddedsize, LPCTSTR bmpfile)
{
    BITMAPFILEHEADER bmfh;
    BITMAPINFOHEADER info;
    memset(&bmfh, 0, sizeof(BITMAPFILEHEADER));
    memset(&info, 0, sizeof(BITMAPINFOHEADER));
    bmfh.bfType = 0x4d42;       // 0x4d42 = 'BM'
    bmfh.bfReserved1 = 0;
    bmfh.bfReserved2 = 0;
    bmfh.bfSize = sizeof(BITMAPFILEHEADER) + sizeof(BITMAPINFOHEADER) + paddedsize;
    bmfh.bfOffBits = 0x36;      // number of bytes to start of bitmap bits
    info.biSize = sizeof(BITMAPINFOHEADER);
    info.biWidth = width;
    info.biHeight = height;
    info.biPlanes = 1;          
    info.biBitCount = 8;        
    info.biCompression = 0;
    info.biSizeImage = 0;       
    info.biXPelsPerMeter = 0;   
    info.biYPelsPerMeter = 0;
    info.biClrUsed = 256;       
    info.biClrImportant = 0;    
    HANDLE file = CreateFile(bmpfile, GENERIC_WRITE, FILE_SHARE_READ,
                             NULL, CREATE_ALWAYS, FILE_ATTRIBUTE_NORMAL, NULL);
    // write file header
    unsigned long bwritten;
    if (WriteFile(file, &bmfh, sizeof(BITMAPFILEHEADER), &bwritten, NULL) == false)
    {
        CloseHandle(file);
        return false;
    }
    // write infoheader
    if (WriteFile(file, &info, sizeof(BITMAPINFOHEADER), &bwritten, NULL) == false)
    {
        CloseHandle(file);
        return false;
    }
    // write image data
    if (WriteFile(file, Buffer, paddedsize, &bwritten, NULL) == false)
    {
        CloseHandle(file);
        return false;
    }
    // and close file
    CloseHandle(file);
    return true;
}

但是，我知道我必须为 8 位灰度图像提供调色板，如以下代码所示。

BITMAPINFO* pbmi
for (int i = 0; i<256; i++)
{
    pbmi->bmiColors[i].rgbRed = i;
    pbmi->bmiColors[i].rgbGreen = i;
    pbmi->bmiColors[i].rgbBlue = i;
    pbmi->bmiColors[i].rgbReserved = 0;
}

问题是，我不知道如何将我的BITMAPINFOHEADER连接到BITMAPINFO。

有没有办法在我当前的代码中使用CreateDIBSection函数？

我修改了函数，根本没有使用BITMAPINFO。我用RGBQUAD来编写调色板。这是解决方案：

bool SaveBMP(BYTE* Buffer, int width, int height, long paddedsize, LPCTSTR bmpfile)
{
    const int NUMBER_OF_COLORS = 256;
    const int COLOR_PALETTE_SIZE = NUMBER_OF_COLORS * sizeof(RGBQUAD);
    const int HEADER_OFFSET = sizeof(BITMAPFILEHEADER) + sizeof(BITMAPINFOHEADER) + COLOR_PALETTE_SIZE;
    const int TOTAL_FILE_SIZE = HEADER_OFFSET + paddedsize;
    BITMAPFILEHEADER bmfh;
    BITMAPINFOHEADER info;
    RGBQUAD quad[NUMBER_OF_COLORS];
    memset(&bmfh, 0, sizeof(BITMAPFILEHEADER));
    memset(&info, 0, sizeof(BITMAPINFOHEADER));
    // create the color palette
    for (int i = 0; i < NUMBER_OF_COLORS; i++)
    {
        quad[i].rgbBlue = i;
        quad[i].rgbGreen = i;
        quad[i].rgbRed = i;
        quad[i].rgbReserved = 0;
    }
    // fill the fileheader
    bmfh.bfType = 0x4d42;           // 0x4d42 = 'BM'
    bmfh.bfSize = TOTAL_FILE_SIZE;  // Total file size
    bmfh.bfReserved1 = 0;           // UNUSED
    bmfh.bfReserved2 = 0;           // UNUSED
    bmfh.bfOffBits = HEADER_OFFSET; // Offset to start of pixel data
    // fill the infoheader
    info.biSize = sizeof(BITMAPINFOHEADER); // Header size (Must be at least 40)
    info.biWidth = width;                   // Image width
    info.biHeight = -height;                // Image height
    info.biPlanes = 1;                      // MUST BE 1
    info.biBitCount = 8;                    // Bits per pixel (1, 4, 8, 16, 24 or 32)
    info.biCompression = 0;                 // Compression type (BI_RGB = 0, BI_RLE8 = 1, BI_RLE4 = 2 or BI_BITFIELDS = 3)
    info.biSizeImage = height * width;      // Image size (May be 0 if not compressed)
    info.biXPelsPerMeter = 0;               // Preferred resolution in pixels per meter
    info.biYPelsPerMeter = 0;               // Preferred resolution in pixels per meter
    info.biClrUsed = NUMBER_OF_COLORS;      // Number of entries in the color map that are actually used
    info.biClrImportant = 0;                // Number of significant colors (All colors = 0)
    // open the file to write to 
    HANDLE file = CreateFile(bmpfile, GENERIC_WRITE, FILE_SHARE_READ, NULL, CREATE_ALWAYS, FILE_ATTRIBUTE_NORMAL, NULL);
    if (file == NULL)
    {
        CloseHandle(file);
        return false;
    }
    // write file header
    unsigned long bwritten;
    if (WriteFile(file, &bmfh, sizeof(BITMAPFILEHEADER), &bwritten, NULL) == false)
    {
        CloseHandle(file);
        return false;
    }
    // write info header
    if (WriteFile(file, &info, sizeof(BITMAPINFOHEADER), &bwritten, NULL) == false)
    {
        CloseHandle(file);
        return false;
    }
    // write palette
    if (WriteFile(file, quad, COLOR_PALETTE_SIZE, &bwritten, NULL) == false)
    {
        CloseHandle(file);
        return false;
    }
    // write image data
    if (WriteFile(file, Buffer, paddedsize, &bwritten, NULL) == false)
    {
        CloseHandle(file);
        return false;
    }
    // close file
    CloseHandle(file);
    return true;
}
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