C ++枚举并使用它们从用户输入
c++ enum and using them to input from user
我的代码中有一个枚举，如下所示：enum Status {In-Active, Active}; .状态对象作为参数传递给Person对象，因此我希望用户输入"活动"或"非活动"并将它们保存在 Status 变量中。我该怎么做？我一开始试过了，但没有用。
这是我的代码：
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
enum Status {InActive, Active};
class Person {
private:
string name;
int age;
Status status;
public:
Person (const string &_name, const int _age, const Status _status) : name(_name), age(_age), status(_status) {}
string &getName () { return name; }
int getAge () { return age; }
Status getStatus () { return status; }
void setName (const string &_name) { name = _name; }
void setAge (const int _age) { age = _age; }
void setStatus (const Status _status) { status = _status; }
};
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
///////////////////////////////// Main Method //////////////////////////////////
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
int main () {
string name;
int age;
Status status;
cout << "Enter a name: "; getline(cin, name);
cout << "Enter age: "; cin >> age;
cout << "Enter status: "; cin >> status;
Person p(name, age, status);
return 0;
}
这是我得到的错误（这是构建日志）：
Compiling: C:UsersKiKo-SaMaDesktopC++Person.cpp
C:UsersKiKo-SaMaDesktopC++Person.cpp: In function 'int main()':
C:UsersKiKo-SaMaDesktopC++Person.cpp:36:38: error: no match for 'operator>>' in 'std::cin >> status'
C:UsersKiKo-SaMaDesktopC++Person.cpp:36:38: note: candidates are:
c:mingwbin../lib/gcc/mingw32/4.6.2/include/c++/istream:122:7: note: std::basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>::__istream_type& std::basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>::operator>>(std::basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>::__istream_type& (*)(std::basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>::__istream_type&)) [with _CharT = char, _Traits = std::char_traits<char>, std::basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>::__istream_type = std::basic_istream<char>]
c:mingwbin../lib/gcc/mingw32/4.6.2/include/c++/istream:122:7: note: no known conversion for argument 1 from 'Status' to 'std::basic_istream<char>::__istream_type& (*)(std::basic_istream<char>::__istream_type&) {aka std::basic_istream<char>& (*)(std::basic_istream<char>&)}'
c:mingwbin../lib/gcc/mingw32/4.6.2/include/c++/istream:126:7: note: std::basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>::__istream_type& std::basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>::operator>>(std::basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>::__ios_type& (*)(std::basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>::__ios_type&)) [with _CharT = char, _Traits = std::char_traits<char>, std::basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>::__istream_type = std::basic_istream<char>, std::basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>::__ios_type = std::basic_ios<char>]
c:mingwbin../lib/gcc/mingw32/4.6.2/include/c++/istream:126:7: note: no known conversion for argument 1 from 'Status' to 'std::basic_istream<char>::__ios_type& (*)(std::basic_istream<char>::__ios_type&) {aka std::basic_ios<char>& (*)(std::basic_ios<char>&)}'
c:mingwbin../lib/gcc/mingw32/4.6.2/include/c++/istream:133:7: note: std::basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>::__istream_type& std::basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>::operator>>(std::ios_base& (*)(std::ios_base&)) [with _CharT = char, _Traits = std::char_traits<char>, std::basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>::__istream_type = std::basic_istream<char>]
c:mingwbin../lib/gcc/mingw32/4.6.2/include/c++/istream:133:7: note: no known conversion for argument 1 from 'Status' to 'std::ios_base& (*)(std::ios_base&)'
c:mingwbin../lib/gcc/mingw32/4.6.2/include/c++/istream:169:7: note: std::basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>::__istream_type& std::basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>::operator>>(bool&) [with _CharT = char, _Traits = std::char_traits<char>, std::basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>::__istream_type = std::basic_istream<char>]
c:mingwbin../lib/gcc/mingw32/4.6.2/include/c++/istream:169:7: note: no known conversion for argument 1 from 'Status' to 'bool&'
c:mingwbin../lib/gcc/mingw32/4.6.2/include/c++/istream:173:7: note: std::basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>& std::basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>::operator>>(short int&) [with _CharT = char, _Traits = std::char_traits<char>]
c:mingwbin../lib/gcc/mingw32/4.6.2/include/c++/istream:173:7: note: no known conversion for argument 1 from 'Status' to 'short int&'
c:mingwbin../lib/gcc/mingw32/4.6.2/include/c++/istream:176:7: note: std::basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>::__istream_type& std::basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>::operator>>(short unsigned int&) [with _CharT = char, _Traits = std::char_traits<char>, std::basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>::__istream_type = std::basic_istream<char>]
c:mingwbin../lib/gcc/mingw32/4.6.2/include/c++/istream:176:7: note: no known conversion for argument 1 from 'Status' to 'short unsigned int&'
c:mingwbin../lib/gcc/mingw32/4.6.2/include/c++/istream:180:7: note: std::basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>& std::basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>::operator>>(int&) [with _CharT = char, _Traits = std::char_traits<char>]
c:mingwbin../lib/gcc/mingw32/4.6.2/include/c++/istream:180:7: note: no known conversion for argument 1 from 'Status' to 'int&'
c:mingwbin../lib/gcc/mingw32/4.6.2/include/c++/istream:183:7: note: std::basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>::__istream_type& std::basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>::operator>>(unsigned int&) [with _CharT = char, _Traits = std::char_traits<char>, std::basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>::__istream_type = std::basic_istream<char>]
c:mingwbin../lib/gcc/mingw32/4.6.2/include/c++/istream:183:7: note: no known conversion for argument 1 from 'Status' to 'unsigned int&'
c:mingwbin../lib/gcc/mingw32/4.6.2/include/c++/istream:187:7: note: std::basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>::__istream_type& std::basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>::operator>>(long int&) [with _CharT = char, _Traits = std::char_traits<char>, std::basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>::__istream_type = std::basic_istream<char>]
c:mingwbin../lib/gcc/mingw32/4.6.2/include/c++/istream:187:7: note: no known conversion for argument 1 from 'Status' to 'long int&'
c:mingwbin../lib/gcc/mingw32/4.6.2/include/c++/istream:191:7: note: std::basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>::__istream_type& std::basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>::operator>>(long unsigned int&) [with _CharT = char, _Traits = std::char_traits<char>, std::basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>::__istream_type = std::basic_istream<char>]
c:mingwbin../lib/gcc/mingw32/4.6.2/include/c++/istream:191:7: note: no known conversion for argument 1 from 'Status' to 'long unsigned int&'
c:mingwbin../lib/gcc/mingw32/4.6.2/include/c++/istream:196:7: note: std::basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>::__istream_type& std::basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>::operator>>(long long int&) [with _CharT = char, _Traits = std::char_traits<char>, std::basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>::__istream_type = std::basic_istream<char>]
c:mingwbin../lib/gcc/mingw32/4.6.2/include/c++/istream:196:7: note: no known conversion for argument 1 from 'Status' to 'long long int&'
c:mingwbin../lib/gcc/mingw32/4.6.2/include/c++/istream:200:7: note: std::basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>::__istream_type& std::basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>::operator>>(long long unsigned int&) [with _CharT = char, _Traits = std::char_traits<char>, std::basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>::__istream_type = std::basic_istream<char>]
c:mingwbin../lib/gcc/mingw32/4.6.2/include/c++/istream:200:7: note: no known conversion for argument 1 from 'Status' to 'long long unsigned int&'
c:mingwbin../lib/gcc/mingw32/4.6.2/include/c++/istream:205:7: note: std::basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>::__istream_type& std::basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>::operator>>(float&) [with _CharT = char, _Traits = std::char_traits<char>, std::basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>::__istream_type = std::basic_istream<char>]
c:mingwbin../lib/gcc/mingw32/4.6.2/include/c++/istream:205:7: note: no known conversion for argument 1 from 'Status' to 'float&'
c:mingwbin../lib/gcc/mingw32/4.6.2/include/c++/istream:209:7: note: std::basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>::__istream_type& std::basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>::operator>>(double&) [with _CharT = char, _Traits = std::char_traits<char>, std::basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>::__istream_type = std::basic_istream<char>]
c:mingwbin../lib/gcc/mingw32/4.6.2/include/c++/istream:209:7: note: no known conversion for argument 1 from 'Status' to 'double&'
c:mingwbin../lib/gcc/mingw32/4.6.2/include/c++/istream:213:7: note: std::basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>::__istream_type& std::basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>::operator>>(long double&) [with _CharT = char, _Traits = std::char_traits<char>, std::basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>::__istream_type = std::basic_istream<char>]
c:mingwbin../lib/gcc/mingw32/4.6.2/include/c++/istream:213:7: note: no known conversion for argument 1 from 'Status' to 'long double&'
c:mingwbin../lib/gcc/mingw32/4.6.2/include/c++/istream:217:7: note: std::basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>::__istream_type& std::basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>::operator>>(void*&) [with _CharT = char, _Traits = std::char_traits<char>, std::basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>::__istream_type = std::basic_istream<char>]
c:mingwbin../lib/gcc/mingw32/4.6.2/include/c++/istream:217:7: note: no known conversion for argument 1 from 'Status' to 'void*&'
c:mingwbin../lib/gcc/mingw32/4.6.2/include/c++/istream:241:7: note: std::basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>& std::basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>::operator>>(std::basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>::__streambuf_type*) [with _CharT = char, _Traits = std::char_traits<char>, std::basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>::__streambuf_type = std::basic_streambuf<char>]
c:mingwbin../lib/gcc/mingw32/4.6.2/include/c++/istream:241:7: note: no known conversion for argument 1 from 'Status' to 'std::basic_istream<char>::__streambuf_type* {aka std::basic_streambuf<char>*}'
c:mingwbin../lib/gcc/mingw32/4.6.2/include/c++/bits/basic_string.tcc:998:5: note: template<class _CharT, class _Traits, class _Alloc> std::basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>& std::operator>>(std::basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>&, std::basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Alloc>&)
c:mingwbin../lib/gcc/mingw32/4.6.2/include/c++/bits/istream.tcc:957:5: note: template<class _CharT2, class _Traits2> std::basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>& std::operator>>(std::basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>&, _CharT2*)
c:mingwbin../lib/gcc/mingw32/4.6.2/include/c++/bits/istream.tcc:925:5: note: template<class _CharT, class _Traits> std::basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>& std::operator>>(std::basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>&, _CharT&)
c:mingwbin../lib/gcc/mingw32/4.6.2/include/c++/istream:709:5: note: template<class _Traits> std::basic_istream<char, _Traits>& std::operator>>(std::basic_istream<char, _Traits>&, unsigned char&)
c:mingwbin../lib/gcc/mingw32/4.6.2/include/c++/istream:714:5: note: template<class _Traits> std::basic_istream<char, _Traits>& std::operator>>(std::basic_istream<char, _Traits>&, signed char&)
c:mingwbin../lib/gcc/mingw32/4.6.2/include/c++/istream:756:5: note: template<class _Traits> std::basic_istream<char, _Traits>& std::operator>>(std::basic_istream<char, _Traits>&, unsigned char*)
c:mingwbin../lib/gcc/mingw32/4.6.2/include/c++/istream:761:5: note: template<class _Traits> std::basic_istream<char, _Traits>& std::operator>>(std::basic_istream<char, _Traits>&, signed char*)
Process terminated with status 1 (0 minutes, 0 seconds)
43 errors, 0 warnings
我的代码哪里出了问题？谢谢
您无法直接读取enum值，您需要一个将用户输入映射到enum值的std::map。
std::map<std::string,Status> m;
m["In-Active"] = In-Active;
m["Active"] = Active;
std::string sstatus;
cin >> sstatus;
Status status = m[sstatus];
-
枚举对象在编译时被解析，它只能包含常量整数值。
-
人员 p（姓名、年龄、状态）;//这里不使用状态对象，您应该直接发送一个值，如"In-Active"或"Active"。因此，用户不会就状态字段进行输入。
枚举状态 {非活动， 活动};
- 此处 Status 是一个枚举类，创建的任何对象都将包含值"非活动"或"活动"。如果尝试分配其他值，则会收到编译器错误。
状态;
- 此处的状态是创建的枚举对象，它包含垃圾值。
cout <<"输入状态：";CIN>>状态;
- 在这里，您要求用户输入枚举对象，该对象对编译器完全无效。
您还可以将枚举包装在类中并提供运算符>>。这是此链接的修改示例 http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/More_C%2B%2B_Idioms/Type_Safe_Enum
#include <iostream>
template<typename def>
class safe_enum : public def
{
public:
int val;
safe_enum(int v) : val(v) {}
// inner underlying() const { return val; }
bool operator == (const safe_enum & s) const { return this->val == s.val; }
bool operator != (const safe_enum & s) const { return this->val != s.val; }
bool operator < (const safe_enum & s) const { return this->val < s.val; }
bool operator <= (const safe_enum & s) const { return this->val <= s.val; }
bool operator > (const safe_enum & s) const { return this->val > s.val; }
bool operator >= (const safe_enum & s) const { return this->val >= s.val; }
};
struct status_def {
enum type { NoValue, InActive, Active };
};
typedef safe_enum<status_def> Status;
std::istream& operator>>(std::istream& Istr, Status& other)
{
std::cout << "Enter Status value: " << std::endl;
//here the logic to handle input error
Istr >> other.val;
return Istr;
}
std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& os,const Status& toPrint)
{
if (toPrint.val == Status::Active)
return os << "Active";
if (toPrint.val == Status::NoValue)
return os << "NoValue";
if (toPrint.val == Status::InActive)
return os << "InActive";
throw;
}
int main(void)
{
Status test(Status::NoValue);
std::cout << test << std::endl;
std::cin >> test;
std::cout << test << std::endl;
}
Halo，我是新手，但如果也许我的代码可以启发你：
/*
Nama: Andre
4/6/23
Enumerasi
*/
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
enum namaPresiden {
Soekarno,
Soeharto,
Habibie = 5,
Megawati,
Gusdur,
SBY,
Jokowi
} presidenku;
void pilihanEnum(namaPresiden pilihankuh){
cout << "Presiden Indonesia ke-" << pilihankuh << endl;
}
void pilihanPresiden(string president){
if(president == "Soekarno"){
pilihanEnum(Soekarno);
}else if(president == "Soeharto"){
pilihanEnum(Soeharto);
}else if(president == "Habibie"){
pilihanEnum(Habibie);
}else if(president == "Megawati"){
pilihanEnum(Megawati);
}else if(president == "Gusdur"){
pilihanEnum(Gusdur);
}else if(president == "SBY"){
pilihanEnum(SBY);
}else if(president == "Jokowi"){
pilihanEnum(Jokowi);
}
}
int main()
{
string peresiden;
cout << "Masukkan nama presiden: ";
cin >> peresiden;
pilihanPresiden(peresiden);
return 0;
}
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