如何使用 C 编程创建图像数据库

最简单的方法是在sqlite db中存储为BLOB，该数据库在项目中集成为单个.c文件。请参阅示例 C 文件，该文件演示了访问 Blob 的两种不同方法。一个使用绑定，一个使用 blob API。

#include <stdio.h>
#include <ctype.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <limits.h>
#include <sys/time.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <libgen.h>
#include "sqlite3.h"
sqlite3 *db;
int error(char *msg) {
    fprintf(stderr, "ERROR: %sn", msg);
    if(db)
        sqlite3_close(db);
    exit(1);
}
int gettype(char **imgtype, int columns, char **colval, char **colname) {
    int col;
    if(columns!=1)
        return 1;
    snprintf((char *)imgtype, 4, "%s", colval[0]);
    return 0;
}
int getrowid(sqlite3_int64 *rowid, int columns, char **colval, char **colname) {
    int col;
    if(columns!=1)
        return 1;
    *rowid=(int)strtol(colval[0], NULL, 10);
    return 0;
}
int main(int argc, char **argv) {
    enum { PROG, FUNC, TABLE, NAME };
    sqlite3_blob *dblob;
    char sqlcmd[1024];
    sqlite3_int64 rowid=0;
    sqlite3_stmt *stmt;
    char *zErrMsg=0;
    char filename[1024];
    char outname[1024];
    char imgtype[4];
    FILE *fblob;
    char *blobmem;
    long blobsize;

    if(argc!=4) 
        error("usage: blob <get|put> <table> <filename>");

    if(sqlite3_open(DATABASE, &db)) 
        error((char*)sqlite3_errmsg(db));
    sqlite3_busy_timeout(db, TIMEOUT);

    // using bind api
    if(strcmp(argv[FUNC], "put")==0) {
        snprintf(filename, 1024, "%s", basename(argv[NAME]));
        strtok(filename, ".");
        snprintf(imgtype, 4, "%s", strtok(NULL, "."));
        if(!strlen(imgtype) || !(strcasecmp(imgtype, "gif")==0 || strcasecmp(imgtype, "jpg")==0 || strcasecmp(imgtype, "png")==0))
            error("wrong extension / img type");
        fblob=fopen(argv[NAME], "r");
        if(fblob==NULL) 
            error("file not found");
        fseek(fblob, 0L, SEEK_END);
        blobsize=ftell(fblob);
        if(!blobsize) 
            error("wrong file size");
        blobmem=malloc(blobsize);
        if(!blobmem) 
            error("unable to allocate memory");
        rewind(fblob);
        if(fread(blobmem, blobsize, 1, fblob)!=1) 
            error("unable to read file");
        fclose(fblob);
        snprintf(sqlcmd, 1024, "delete from '%s' where name like '%s';", argv[TABLE], filename);
        if(sqlite3_exec(db, sqlcmd, NULL, NULL, &zErrMsg)!=SQLITE_OK) 
            error(zErrMsg);
        snprintf(sqlcmd, 1024,  "insert into '%s'(name, type, data) values(?, ?, ?);", argv[TABLE]);
        if(sqlite3_prepare_v2(db, sqlcmd, -1, &stmt, 0)!=SQLITE_OK) 
            error((char*)sqlite3_errmsg(db));
        sqlite3_bind_text(stmt, 1, filename, -1, SQLITE_STATIC);
        sqlite3_bind_text(stmt, 2, imgtype, -1, SQLITE_STATIC);
        sqlite3_bind_blob(stmt, 3, blobmem, blobsize, SQLITE_STATIC);
        if(sqlite3_step(stmt)!=SQLITE_DONE) 
            error((char*)sqlite3_errmsg(db));
        if(sqlite3_finalize(stmt)!=SQLITE_OK) 
            error((char*)sqlite3_errmsg(db));
        free(blobmem);
    }
    // using blob api
    else if(strcmp(argv[FUNC], "get")==0) {
        snprintf(filename, 1024, "%s", argv[NAME]);
        strtok(filename, ".");
        snprintf(sqlcmd, 1024, "select rowid from '%s' where name like '%s';", argv[TABLE], filename);
        if(sqlite3_exec(db, sqlcmd, (void *)&getrowid, &rowid, &zErrMsg)!=SQLITE_OK) 
            error(zErrMsg);
        if(!rowid) 
            error("not found");
        snprintf(sqlcmd, 1024, "select type from '%s' where name like '%s';", argv[TABLE], filename);
        if(sqlite3_exec(db, sqlcmd, (void *)&gettype, &imgtype, &zErrMsg)!=SQLITE_OK)
            error(zErrMsg);
        if(!strlen(imgtype) || !(strcasecmp(imgtype, "gif")==0 || strcasecmp(imgtype, "jpg")==0 || strcasecmp(imgtype, "png")==0))
            error("wrong extension / img type");
        if(sqlite3_blob_open(db, "main", argv[TABLE], "data", rowid, 0, &dblob)!=SQLITE_OK) 
            error((char*)sqlite3_errmsg(db));
        blobsize=sqlite3_blob_bytes(dblob);
        if(!blobsize)
            error("image is 0 bytes in size");
        blobmem=malloc(blobsize);
        if(!blobmem)
            error("unable to allocate memory");
        if(sqlite3_blob_read(dblob, blobmem, blobsize, 0)!=SQLITE_OK)
            error("unable to read image");
        sqlite3_blob_close(dblob);
        snprintf(outname, 1024, "%s.%s", filename, imgtype);
        fblob=fopen(outname, "w");
        if(fblob==NULL)
            error("unable to open target file");
        if(fwrite(blobmem, blobsize, 1, fblob)!=1)
            error("unable to write to target file");
        fclose(fblob);
        free(blobmem);
    }
    else 
        error("wrong usage");
    sqlite3_close(db);
    return 0;
}

为了将ID与图像一起存储，只需在同一表中创建另一列即可。