在程序中添加区号

Adding Area code in program

本文关键字:添加区 程序      更新时间:2023-10-16

基本上,我得到了这个程序来完成一项作业。它要求提供任何 7 位数字长的电话号码,例如 930-1892。然后它会说你的数字作为输出。现在,我决定将区号添加到 7 位数字中,总共最多 10 位数字。我希望它以 (505)123-4567 这样的格式输出。

出人意料地挣扎着,我无法让程序输出包括区号在内的 10 位数字,而不仅仅是 7 位数字。但是现在的程序应该编译并运行并输出您添加到其中的 7 位电话号码。

#include<iostream>
#include<string>
using namespace std;
/* Global Variables */
int prefix[3];
int number[4];
string phoneNumber;
// main routine
int main()
{
  // local variables
  int input_done = 0; // flag to control input loop
  int ascii_0 = 48;
  int i = 0;
  while (input_done == 0)
  {
    // Ask the user for input
    cout << "Please enter your 7 digit phone number (for example: 123-4567)" << endl;
    getline(cin, phoneNumber);
    // split up the input and check it for validity
    if (phoneNumber.length()==8)
    {
      input_done = 1;  // assume number is correct until otherwise
      for (i = 0; i <= 7; i++)
      {
        if (i == 3)
        {
          if (phoneNumber[3] != '-')
            input_done = 0;
        }
        else
        {
          if ( (phoneNumber[i] < '0') || (phoneNumber[i] > '9') )
            input_done = 0;
        }
      }
      // assign values to individual array elements if checked out okay
      if (input_done == 1)
      {
        for (i = 0; i <= 2; i++)
        {
          prefix[i] = phoneNumber[i] - ascii_0;
          number[i] = phoneNumber[i+4] - ascii_0;
        }
        number[3] = phoneNumber[7] - ascii_0;
     }
    }
    if (input_done != 1)
      cout << "There is a problem with what you entered, please try again.n";
  }
  // report
  cout << "I have your phone number as: ";
  for (i = 0; i<3; i++)
    cout << prefix[i];
  cout << "-";
  for (i = 0; i<4; i++)
    cout << number[i];
  cout << endl;
  return 0;
}

首先,您采用的方法存在一些小问题。首先,您使用了很多幻数,这使得您的代码难以维护和发展,因为您必须担心更新更多代码会增加引入错误的机会。其次,实际上没有必要将电话号码转换为单个号码,从长远来看,这只会使值更难以管理。您还希望连字符位于特定位置,再次使用幻数,这将使添加对区号的支持变得更加困难。以下方法消除了幻数的使用以及索引和数组的使用,并利用了迭代器。

#include <iostream>
#include <string>
using namespace std;
// main routine
int main()
{
    // local variables
    bool isValidNumber = false;
    string phoneNumber;
    while (isValidNumber == false)
    {
        // Ask the user for input
        cout << "Please enter your 10 digit phone number (i.e. 900-976-8008)" << endl;
        std::getline(cin, phoneNumber);
        isValidNumber = true;
        //  Validate and clean up the phone number
        for (std::string::iterator it = phoneNumber.begin(); it != phoneNumber.end();)
        {
            //  Check for characters we want to ignore
            if (*it == '(' || *it == ')' || *it == '-' || *it == ' ')
            {
                it = phoneNumber.erase(it);
            }
            //  Check for numbers since we really want to keep them
            else if (*it >= '0' || *it <= '9')
            {
                ++it;
            }
            //  Check characters that are considered invalid
            else
            {
                isValidNumber = false;
            }
        }
        //  Make sure the number of required digits are present. Add an additional
        //  check for numbers without area codes if you like.
        if (phoneNumber.size() != 10)
        {
            isValidNumber = false;
        }
        if (isValidNumber == false)
        {
            cout << "There is a problem with what you entered, please try again.n";
        }
    }

    //  Split the number and print it
    std::string areacode;
    std::string prefix;
    std::string number;
    areacode = phoneNumber.substr(0, 3);
    prefix = phoneNumber.substr(3, 3);
    number = phoneNumber.substr(7, 4);
    std::cout
        << "I have your phone number as: ("
        << areacode
        << ") "
        << prefix
        << '-'
        << number
        << 'n';
    return 0;
}

我还建议您不要将using namespace std语句放在命名空间范围内。这只是糟糕的形式,可能导致名称冲突。