检查C++中stoi()函数的int极限

Checking the int limits in stoi() function in C++

本文关键字:函数 int 极限 C++ stoi 检查      更新时间:2023-10-16

我得到了一个字符串y,其中确保它只由数字组成。在使用stoi函数将其存储在int变量中之前,如何检查它是否超过了整数的界限?

string y = "2323298347293874928374927392374924"
int x = stoi(y); // The program gets aborted when I execute this as it exceeds the bounds
                 //   of int. How do I check the bounds before I store it?

您可以使用异常处理机制:

#include <stdexcept>
std::string y = "2323298347293874928374927392374924"
int x;
try {
  x = stoi(y);
}
catch(std::invalid_argument& e){
  // if no conversion could be performed
}
catch(std::out_of_range& e){
  // if the converted value would fall out of the range of the result type 
  // or if the underlying function (std::strtol or std::strtoull) sets errno 
  // to ERANGE.
}
catch(...) {
  // everything else
}

stoi函数的详细描述以及如何处理错误

捕获异常:

string y = "2323298347293874928374927392374924"
int x;
try {
  x = stoi(y);
}
catch(...) {
  // String could not be read properly as an int.
}

如果字符串表示的值太大而无法存储在int中,则将其转换为更大的值,并检查结果是否适合int:

long long temp = stoll(y);
if (std::numeric_limits<int>::max() < temp
    || temp < std::numeric_limits<int>::min())
    throw my_invalid_input_exception();
int i = temp; // "helpful" compilers will warn here; ignore them.