可以返回void或非void值的模板函子包装

Template functor wrapper that can return a void or non-void value

本文关键字:void 包装 返回 或非      更新时间:2023-10-16

如何从模板函子包装器返回任意类型(void或非void)?我将包装器用于前置和后置条件,因此在从包装器返回值之前,我需要将返回的值存储在本地变量中。但是,当返回的类型为void时,编译器会给出并出错,因为变量不能具有void类型。这里能做什么?

template <typename Functor, typename... Args>
auto Decorate(Functor f, Args&&... args)
-> decltype(f(std::forward<Args>(args)...)) {
    // preconditions
    const auto result = f(std::forward<Args>(args)...);
    // postconditions
    return result;
}

在合适类的构造函数/析构函数中运行预条件和后条件,并直接返回值!只要你不需要在你的帖子条件下触摸返回值,这应该不是问题!

struct condition
{
    condition() { /* do pre-condition checks */ }
    ~condition() { /* do post-condition checks */ }
    condition(condition&) = delete;
    void operator= (condition&) = delete;
};
template <typename Functor, typename... Args>
auto Decorate(Functor f, Args&&... args)
    -> decltype(f(std::forward<Args>(args)...)) {
    condition checker;
    return f(std::forward<Args>(args)...);
}

使用sfinae:

#include <type_traits>
template <typename Functor, typename... Args>
auto Decorate(Functor f, Args&&... args)
    -> typename std::enable_if<std::is_same<decltype(f(std::forward<Args>(args)...)), void>::value, void>::type
{
    // preconditions
    f(std::forward<Args>(args)...);
    // postconditions
    return;
}
template <typename Functor, typename... Args>
auto Decorate(Functor f, Args&&... args)
    -> typename std::enable_if<!std::is_same<decltype(f(std::forward<Args>(args)...)), void>::value, decltype(f(std::forward<Args>(args)...))>::type
{
    // preconditions
    auto result = f(std::forward<Args>(args)...);
    // postconditions
    return result;
}

测试:

void f(int x) {
    std::cout << "f(" << x << ")" << std::endl;
    return;
}
int g(int x) {
    std::cout << "g(" << x << ")" << std::endl;
    return x * x;
}
int main()
{       
    Decorate(f, 3);
    std::cout << Decorate(g, 3);
    return 0;
}

f(3)
g(3)
9