C++正在更改实例变量

C++ changing instance variables

本文关键字:实例 变量 C++      更新时间:2023-10-16

我正试图编写一个程序来计算一个n体问题。我在尝试更改代码时遇到了一个问题,这样它就可以很容易地适应任何数量的实体。函数corr()似乎有问题,对该函数中类粒子实例的一些变量所做的更改在使用函数corr)后似乎丢失了。我该如何解决这个问题?

#include <cstdlib>
#include <iostream>
#include <cmath>
#include <fstream>
#define h  1000.0
#define G  6.67384*pow(10.0,-11)
using namespace std;

class particle{
      public:
      double kx1,kx2,kx3,kx4, kv1, kv2, kv3, kv4;
      double ky1, ky2, ky3, ky4, kvy1, kvy2, kvy3, kvy4;
      double x,y,vx,vy,m;

      double dist(particle aap){
             double dx = x - aap.x;
             double dy = y - aap.y;
             return sqrt(pow(dx,2.0)+pow(dy,2.0));
             }
      double g(double x1, double y1,particle aap){
             return G*aap.m*(aap.x-x1)/pow(dist(aap),3.0);
             }
      double p(double x1, double y1, particle aap){
             return G*aap.m*(aap.y-y1)/pow(dist(aap),3.0);
       }

      void update(){            //zet het object 1 stap vooruit
           x = x + (1/6.0)*(kx1+2*kx2+2*kx3+kx4);
           vx = vx + (1/6.0)*(kv1+2*kv2+2*kv3+kv4);
           y = y + (1/6.0)*(ky1+2*ky2+2*ky3+ky4);
           vy = vy + (1/6.0)*(kvy1+2*kvy2+2*kvy3+kvy4);
           }
     void create(double x1, double y1, double vx1, double vy1, double m1){
                      x = x1;
                      y = y1;
                      vx = vx1;
                      vy = vy1;
                      m =m1;
                      }
     bool operator ==(particle &other){
          if(x == other.x && y == other.y && vx == other.vx && vy == other.vy){
               return true;
               }
               }

      };

particle zon, maan, aarde;
void set(){
     zon.create(1, 1, -2, 1, 2*pow(10.0,30));
     aarde.create(1.5*pow(10.0,11), 0, 2, 29780, 6*pow(10.0,24));
     maan.create(aarde.x + 1, aarde .y + 3.844399*pow(10.0,8), aarde.vx +  -1022.0, aarde.vy + 1, 7.3347*pow(10.0,22));
     }

double xforce(double x1, double y1, particle aap){     //kracht in de x-richting 
       particle bodies[] = {zon, aarde, maan};
       double fx;
       for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++){
           if (bodies[i].x == aap.x && bodies[i].y == aap.y && bodies[i].vx == aap.vx && bodies[i].vy == aap.vy ){;}
           else{
                fx += aap.g(x1,y1,bodies[i]);
                }
                }
       return fx;
       }
double yforce(double x1, double y1, particle aap){ //kracht in de y-richting 
       particle bodies[] = {zon, aarde, maan};
       double fy;
       for (int i = 0; i <= 3; i++){
           if (bodies[i].x == aap.x && bodies[i].y == aap.y && bodies[i].vx == aap.vx && bodies[i].vy == aap.vy) {;}
           else{
                fy += aap.p(x1,y1,bodies[i]);
                }
                }
       return fy;
       }

void corr(particle body){
     body.kx1 = h*body.vx;
     body.kv1 = h*xforce(body.x, body.y, body);
     body.ky1 = h*body.vy;
     body.kvy1 =h*yforce(body.x, body.y, body);
     body.kx2 = h*(body.vx + 0.5*body.kv1);
     body.kv2 = h*xforce(body.x + 0.5*body.kx1, body.y + 0.5*body.ky1, body);
     body.ky2 = h*(body.vy + 0.5*body.kvy1);
     body.kvy2 = h*yforce(body.x + 0.5*body.kx1, body.y + 0.5*body.ky1, body);
     body.kx3 = h*(body.vx+ 0.5*body.kv2);
     body.kv3 = h*xforce(body.x + 0.5*body.kx2, body.y + 0.5*body.ky2, body);
     body.ky3 = h*(body.vy+ 0.5*body.kvy2);
     body.kvy3 = h*yforce(body.x + 0.5*body.kx2, body.y + 0.5*body.ky2,body);
     body.kx4 = h*(body.vx+body.kv3);
     body.kv4 = h*xforce(body.x+ body.kx3, body.y + body.ky3, body);
     body.ky4 = h*(body.vy + body.kvy3);
     body.kvy4 = h*yforce(body.x + body.kx3, body.y + body.ky3, body);
     }



void bereken(){
     set();
     ofstream file;
     file.open("3body.txt");
     for(int i =0; i <=30000; i++){
             corr(maan);
             corr(zon);
             corr(aarde);
             zon.update();
             aarde.update();
             maan.update();
             file << i*h <<"  "<< zon.x << "  "<< zon.y << "    "<< zon.vx<< "  "<< zon.vy <<"  "<< aarde.x << "    " << aarde.y <<"    "<< aarde.vx <<"    " << aarde.vy <<"   "<< maan.x<<"  "<<maan.y<<"n";
             }
     file.close();
     }

int main()
{   
    set();
    bereken();
    system("pause");
    return 0;
}

只需使用引用:

void corr(particle& body)

同样的修复必须应用于其他地方。您当前拥有的是一个代码,复制您的对象,对其进行一些计算,然后删除此临时对象。。。通过使用引用(&),您可以在调用者和被调用者之间有效地"共享"对象。

在类方法中,您也应该使用引用来传递这个对象,但这一次是出于效率的原因——传递引用很简单(通常与指针相同),但复制这个巨大的对象需要时间。

Freddie Chopin提出的建议有效并修复了函数corr()。然而,现在我发现函数xforce()和yforce(()不能正常工作。他们应该返回某个粒子上的总力,这是他们在第一步中所做的,但在那之后,他们似乎返回了错误的值。有人知道为什么会这样吗?