Boost Python类导出无法编译，visual studio 2013中出现链接错误

Boost Python class export fails to compile with linking error in visual studio 2013

本文关键字：studio 2013 错误 链接 visual 编译 Python Boost      更新时间：2023-10-16

我自己编译了Boost，并用它将以下函数导出到DLL：

#include <boost/python.hpp>
using namespace boost::python;
std::string greet()
{
    return "hello, dude !!";
}
BOOST_PYTHON_MODULE(hello)
{
    def("greet", greet);
}

在我将hello.dll文件重命名为hello.pyd.之后，这在Python中加载得很好

现在我正在尝试这个：

#include <boost/python.hpp>
using namespace boost::python;
struct World
{
    void set(std::string msg) { this->msg = msg; }
    std::string greet() { return msg; }
    std::string msg;
};

BOOST_PYTHON_MODULE(hello)
{
    class_<World>("World")
        .def("greet", &World::greet)
        .def("set", &World::set);
}

错误为：

Error   29  error LNK2019: unresolved external symbol "__declspec(dllimport) void * __cdecl boost::python::objects::find_static_type(void *,struct boost::python::type_info,struct boost::python::type_info)" (__imp_?find_static_type@objects@python@boost@@YAPAXPAXUtype_info@23@1@Z) referenced in function "private: virtual void * __thiscall boost::python::objects::value_holder<struct World>::holds(struct boost::python::type_info,bool)" (?holds@?$value_holder@UWorld@@@objects@python@boost@@EAEPAXUtype_info@34@_N@Z) D:CodePythonhellohellohello.obj    hello
Error   30  error LNK2019: unresolved external symbol "__declspec(dllimport) public: __thiscall boost::python::converter::shared_ptr_deleter::shared_ptr_deleter(struct boost::python::converter::shared_ptr_deleter const &)" (__imp_??0shared_ptr_deleter@converter@python@boost@@QAE@ABU0123@@Z) referenced in function "public: __thiscall boost::shared_ptr<void>::shared_ptr<void><void,struct boost::python::converter::shared_ptr_deleter>(void *,struct boost::python::converter::shared_ptr_deleter)" (??$?0XUshared_ptr_deleter@converter@python@boost@@@?$shared_ptr@X@boost@@QAE@PAXUshared_ptr_deleter@converter@python@1@@Z) D:CodePythonhellohellohello.obj    hello
Error   31  error LNK2019: unresolved external symbol "__declspec(dllimport) public: __thiscall boost::python::objects::class_base::~class_base(void)" (__imp_??1class_base@objects@python@boost@@QAE@XZ) referenced in function __unwindfunclet$??0?$class_@UWorld@@Unot_specified@detail@python@boost@@U2345@U2345@@python@boost@@QAE@PBD0@Z$0    D:CodePythonhellohellohello.obj    hello
Error   32  error LNK2019: unresolved external symbol "__declspec(dllimport) void __cdecl boost::python::objects::register_dynamic_id_aux(struct boost::python::type_info,struct std::pair<void *,struct boost::python::type_info> (__cdecl*)(void *))" (__imp_?register_dynamic_id_aux@objects@python@boost@@YAXUtype_info@23@P6A?AU?$pair@PAXUtype_info@python@boost@@@std@@PAX@Z@Z) referenced in function "void __cdecl boost::python::objects::register_dynamic_id<struct World>(struct World *)" (??$register_dynamic_id@UWorld@@@objects@python@boost@@YAXPAUWorld@@@Z)  D:CodePythonhellohellohello.obj    hello

这是Visual Studio学习版2013。我按照这里给出的确切步骤编译了自己的boost库：http://www.boost.org/doc/libs/1_56_0/doc/html/bbv2/installation.html

我认为我的构建/安装在这之前还可以作为全局功能。但可能与MSVC 2012和13存在一些不兼容，因为boost python调试库名为boost_python-vc120-mt-gd-1_56.lib。

我的答案是：使用Boost:：Python:：Object导致链接器错误

由于bjam使用以下步骤为静态链接编译boost：http://www.boost.org/doc/libs/1_56_0/doc/html/bbv2/installation.html

我需要定义BOOST_PYTHON_STATIC_LIB，否则它将为BOOST.PYTHON库假设动态链接。

编译代码：

#define BOOST_PYTHON_STATIC_LIB    
#include <boost/python.hpp>
using namespace boost::python;

struct World
{
    void set(std::string msg) { this->msg = msg; }
    std::string greet() { return msg; }
    std::string msg;
};

BOOST_PYTHON_MODULE(hello)
{
    class_<World>("World")
        .def("greet", &World::greet)
        .def("set", &World::set);
}

使用hello.dll的一种方法是首先将hello.dll重命名为hello.pyd，并将其复制到Python.exe开始的目录中，然后：

Python代码：

import hello
obj = hello.World()
obj.set("Hello World!")
obj.greet()
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